Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology A & AS level chapter 1 cell structure > Microscope, Magnification and Electromagnetic spectrum > Flashcards

Microscope, Magnification and Electromagnetic spectrum Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Magnification

A

the number of times larger an image of an object is than the real size of an object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Resolution

A

the ability to distingush between two objects very close together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the relationship between resolution and an image?

A

the higher the resolution of an image, the greater the detail can be seen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the formula for magnification? [2]

A
  1. Magnification = image size / actual size
  2. Magnification= magnification of eyepiece lens x magnification of objective lens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name 3 types of micrscope.

A
  1. Light Microscope
  2. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
  3. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the source of radiation use in light microscope.

A

Light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the source of radiation use in TEM & SEM.

A

Electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define Micrographs

A

Photo taken with the help of microscope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

An example of micrographs

A
  1. Photomicrographs (using light)
  2. Electromicrographs (using electron)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does TEM see the specimen?

A

Beam of electrons is shot to the specimen and pass through the specimen and only parts the the electron is transmitted can be seen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does SEM see the specimen?

A

Beam of electron is shot to scan the surface of the structure and only the reflected beam is observe.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the advantage and disadvantage of SEM?

A

Advantage: 3D appearance
Disadvanntage: Low resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the advantage and disadvantage of TEM?

A

Advantage: High resolution
Disadvanntage: 2D appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the lenses found in TEM & SEM.

A

Electrostatic lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the lenses found in a light microscope

A

Glass lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What colour image produce when using a light microscope?

A

Coloured Image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What colour image produce when using TEM/SEM?

A

Black & White Image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What stain are use for light microscope?

A

Coloured Dyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What stain are use for electron microscope?

A

Heavy Metal dyes
ex: Uranium / Lead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the maximum resolution for light microscope?

A

200 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the Maximum Resolution for electron microscope?

A

0.5 nm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the relationship between resolution and wavelength?

A

Shorter the wavelength, Higher the resolution, Greater the detail can be seen.

23
Q

What is the wavelength of radiation use for light microscope?

A

about 400-700 nm

24
Q

What is the wavelength of radiation use for electron microscope?

A

about 0.005 nm

25
Q

What specimen can be seen under a light microscope?

A

Living Specimen

26
Q

What specimen can be seen under a electron microscope?

A

Non-living specimen / Dead specimen

27
Q

What is an eye piece graticule?

A

Small scale that is place in a microscope eyepiece

28
Q

Name all parts of light microscope. [14]

A
  1. eyepiece
  2. objective lens
  3. nose
  4. arm
  5. stage
  6. stage clamps
  7. mirror
  8. fine focus adjustor
  9. coarse focus adjustor
  10. condenser lens
  11. iris diaphragm
  12. condenser iris diaphargm
  13. condenser
  14. base
29
Q

What is a stage micrometer?

[2]

A
  1. Very small, accurately drawn scale.
  2. Engraved on a microscope slide.
30
Q

Name all the electromagnetic spectrum from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength.

A
  1. Radiowaves
  2. Microwaves
  3. Infrared
  4. Light wave
  5. Ultraviolet
  6. X-ray
  7. Gamma rays
31
Q

Name all the electromagnetic spectrum from the highest frequency to the lowest frequency

A
  1. Gamma rays
  2. X-rays
  3. Ultraviolet
  4. Light
  5. Infrared
  6. Microwaves
  7. Radiowaves
32
Q

What is the relationship between Energy and Wavelength?

A

Greater the energy, the shorter the wavelength

33
Q

What happen if the microscope has reach its maximum resolution and we magnify the object more to see more detail? [2]

A
  1. We can’t be able to distingush between the two objects and not seeing any more detail.
  2. Image will just get more blurred as magnification increase and the resolution will not be greater.
34
Q

What is the relationship between Wavelength and Frequency?

A

Longer the wavelength, lower their frequency.

35
Q

Name all the light spectrum from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength.

A
  1. Red
  2. Orange
  3. Yellow
  4. Green
  5. Blue
  6. Indigo
  7. Violet
36
Q

Name all the light spectrum from the highest frequency to the lowest frequency.

A
  1. Violet
  2. Indigo
  3. Blue
  4. Green
  5. Yellow
  6. Orange
  7. Red
37
Q

Explain why ribosomes are not visible using a light microscope?

A

Because ribosome are very small that it is smaller than half of the shortest wavelength of light spectrum ( to get the best resolution in light microscope).

38
Q

Why most of the time, an object must be stain when seeing it under a light microscope?

A

Because most of the time, the object are transparent that allow light to pass through that cause it not to be visible.

39
Q

How to see an object smaller than 200 nm?

A

Using electron as radiation ; using electron microscope.

40
Q

Why do we use electron as source of radiation when seeing an object smaller than 200 nm? [2]

A
  1. Has extremely short wavelength ( as short as X-ray)
  2. Has negative charge ; can be focus easily using electromagnets.
41
Q

What does condenser iris diaphragm do?

A

Produce a narrow beam of light when slight closed

42
Q

What does condenser lens do?

A

Focuses the light onto the specimen held by glass slide and cover slip

43
Q

What does objective lens do? What magnification they have?

A

Collects light passing through the specimen and produce a magnified image.

Has 4x, 10x & 20x magnification

44
Q

What does eyepiece lens do?

A

Magnifies and focuses the image from the image produce from the objective lens onto the eye.

45
Q

Why shorter the wavelength, higher the resolution?

A

Because it diffracts less, resulting in less distrotion (more clear) in the image.

46
Q

What is the function of mirror in light microscope?

A

It reflects light to pass through the specimen.

47
Q

What is the function of stage clamps?

A

Hold the slide in place on the stage.

48
Q

What is the function of stage clamps?

A

Hold the slide in place on the stage.

49
Q

What is the function of arm in light microscope?

A

Connects to the base and supports the miroscope

50
Q

What is the function of fine focus adjustor?

A

To focus in on details of the specimen.

51
Q

What is the funtion of coarse focus adjustor?

A

To first focus on the specimen

52
Q

What is the function of stage in light microscope?

A

The flat platform where you put the slide.

53
Q

Why do electron have short wavelength like x-ray?

A

Because when electron is heated, they gain so much energy that they escape from their orbital and become free electrons.

More energy = Shorter wavelength

54
Q

Why do electron microscope only can see non-living or dead specimen?

A

Because:

  1. Electron microscope needs to be vaccum to prevent the air particle to disturb the electron’s path
  2. Specimen need to be dehydrate bcs when the high energy electron beam is shot to the hydrated specimen, water boils at room temperature into air particle which then air particle will disturb the electron’s path.

Biology A & AS level chapter 1 cell structure (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions