Cell Structure : Animal cell & Plant cell

Question 1

Define Cells

Answer 1

• Basic unit of life
• Surround by cell membrane & cytoplasm containing organelles

Question 2

Define Eukaryote

Answer 2

An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 3

Define Prokaryote

Answer 3

An organism whose doesn’t contain a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles.

Question 4

What unit is used to measure the cell?

Answer 4

micrometer / nanometer

Question 5

What is the length of the smallest visible structure to human eye?

Answer 5

50-100 micrometer

Question 6

Name the common feature in animal cell and plant cell. [5]

Answer 6

1. Cell surface membrane
2. mithocondria
3. cytoplasm
4. nucleus
5. golgi apparatus

Question 7

Name the differences of animal cell and plant cell feature. [5]

Answer 7

1.Vacoules
2.Plasmodesma
3.Cell wall
4.Centrioles
5.Chloroplast.

Question 8

Describe the structure of cell membrane. [4]

Answer 8

1. Very thin membrane surronding all cells.
2. Has 3 layers ; Inside layer (cytosol), phospholipid bilayer, Outside layer (enviroment).
3. It’s partially permeable.
4. Mainly made up of lipids and protiens.

Question 9

State the function of cell surface membrane. [2]

Answer 9

1. Controls the exchange of materials between the cell and its enviroment.
2. Cell signalling

Question 10

What is another name for cell surface membrane?

Answer 10

Plasma membrane

Question 11

Describe the structure of the nucleus.

Answer 11

1. Relatively large
2. Contains nucleolus, chromatin, nuclear pore and nuclear envelope.

Question 12

Function of nucleus.

Answer 12

Controls the activities of the cell and (carries genes that contain instruction to produce proteins).

Question 13

Describe the structure of nucleolus.

Answer 13

Circle-shaped made of loops of DNA from several chromosomes found inside the nucleus

Question 14

What is the function of nucleolus?

Answer 14

Synthesis of ribosome

Question 15

What is the common amount of nucleolus found in mammals?

Answer 15

one to five nucleolus

Question 16

Describe the structure of cytosol.

Answer 16

An aqueous material; fluid to jelly-like consistency

Question 17

Describe the structure of cytoplasm.

Answer 17

Cytosol + contents of a cell (organelle) - nucleus = Cytoplasm

Question 18

Describe the structure of protoplasm.

Answer 18

Cytoplasm + nucleus = protoplasm

Question 19

Define Organelles.

Answer 19

functionally and structurally distinct part of a cell; ususally surround by 1 or 2 membrane.

Question 20

What is the structure of nuclear envelope?

Answer 20

made out of 2 membrane surrounding the nucleus

Question 21

What is the function of nuclear envelope?

Answer 21

separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm and provides the structural framework of the nucleus.

Question 22

What is the function of nuclear pore?

Answer 22

control the exchange of subtance between nucleus and cytoplasm.

Question 23

Describe the structure of mithocondria.

Answer 23

1. Contain an enzyme-rich liqiud known as matrix
2. Surround by mithocondria envelope where the inner membrane is folded to fo cristae.
3. contain their own DNA and ribosome

Question 24

What is the function of cristae?

Answer 24

To increase surface area to produce more energy.

Question 25

What is the function of matrix?

Answer 25

Where citric acid cycle takes place.

Question 26

What is the function of mithocondria?

Answer 26

1. Produce chemical energy (power house of the cell)
2. Site of aerobic respiration to produce ATP.