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CompTIA On Lynda > Microprocessors > Flashcards

Microprocessors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between the make and model of a CPU?

A

The make of a CPU would be Intel or AMD, and the model would be Core i7 3820.

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2
Q

Microarchitecture

A

In electronics engineering and computer engineering, microarchitecture, also called computer organization and sometimes abbreviated as µarch or uarch, is the way a given instruction set architecture is implemented in a particular processor.

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3
Q

What does CPUID make?

A

CPUID (CPU IDentification) makes CPU-Z, and shows the details of the microarchitecture.

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4
Q

How broadly can microarchitecture be used?

A

One microarchitecture can be used across a broad cross section of different CPU models.

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5
Q

CPU

A

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is similar to a very fast calculator.

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6
Q

Which companies make the majority of processors today?

A

Intel and AMD processors power most of the computers used today.

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7
Q

What defines a processors features?

A

Like a car, processors have a make and model that define its features.

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8
Q

1 Hertz equals what?

A

1 Hertz = 1 cycle per second

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9
Q

What is Overclocking?

A

Overclocking means to push the CPU beyond its rated speed.

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10
Q

What is the system crystal?

A

The system crystal is a piece of quartz that’s oscillating at a certain speed.

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11
Q

What does it mean if a CPU is 1.6 Gigahertz?

A

If a CPU says it’s 1.6 Gigahertz per second, that’s its maximum speed.

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12
Q

What is Hyper-Threading?

A

Hyper-Threading literally takes one core, and makes it look like, at least to Windows, two cores. It’s only for Intel.

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13
Q

How is CPU speed measured?

A

CPU speed is measured in Hertz, or cycles per second.

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14
Q

How is the CPU speed determined?

A

The CPU speed is determined by the speed of the motherboard and clock multiplier.

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15
Q

What are Mulitcore prossors?

A

Multicore processors include more than one CPU on a single physical chip.

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16
Q

What does the clock multiplier measure?

A

The clock multiplier (or CPU multiplier or bus/core ratio) measures the ratio of an internal CPU clock rate to the externally supplied clock. A CPU with a 10x multiplier will thus see 10 internal cycles (produced by PLL-based frequency multiplier circuitry) for every external clock cycle.

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17
Q

What is Level One Cache?

A

Level One cache is physically closest to the cores itself. It is always going to be the fastest and smallest cache.

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18
Q

What is Level Two Cache?

A

Level Two cache is going to be a lot bigger than the level one cache, and it usually runs at about half the speed.

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19
Q

What cache does the CPU pull from?

A

Most of the time, the CPU is going to be pulling from the level one cache. From time to time, the level one will pull from the level two, and sometimes the CPU will go straight to the level two cache. How all this takes place really varies by manufacturer and by architecture.

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20
Q

Describe the three levels of cache.

A

The level one is the smallest, and the fastest. Level two is about half the speed of the level one, and bigger. And then level three, if it’s even on your CPU, is going to be much bigger and usually does run much faster than the motherboard itself.

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21
Q

How is cache used?

A

Cache is used as very fast temporary storage on a CPU.

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22
Q

How many levels of cache do modern CPUs use?

A

Modern CPUS use one or two levels of cache.

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23
Q

What’s the difference between level 1 and level 3 cache?

A

The level 1 cache is the smallest and fastest cache; the level 3 cache is the largest and slowest cache.

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24
Q

What’s the easiest way to tell if you’re in 64-bit mode?

A

The easiest way to tell if you’re in 64-bit mode is to click Start, find your computer and right click on it and select Properties.

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25
Q

What do you need to take advantage of 64-Bit mode?

A

All modern CPUs can handle 64-Bit mode, but you need a 64-Bit operating system to take advantage of it.

26
Q

64-Bit CPUs enable how more than how many GB of RAM?

A

64-Bit CPUs enable you to use more than 4 GB of RAM.

27
Q

What should you use to check if your Windows supports 64-Bit?

A

Use the system applet to check if your version of Windows supports 64-Bit computing.

28
Q

CPU Extensions add what?

A

CPU Extensions add functionality to a processor.

29
Q

What does virtualization support enable?

A

Virtualization support enables CPUs to more efficiently run virtualized systems.

30
Q

Integrated Graphics Processing Units can do what?

A

Integrated Graphics Processing Units can replace dedicated video cards in many systems.

31
Q

PGA

A

PGA (Pin Grid Array)

32
Q

ZIF

A

ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket that the CPU sits in.

33
Q

LGA

A

LGA (Land Grid Array) socket.

34
Q

AMD sockets are what kind of array?

A

All the AMD sockets that’ll be taught are all pin grid array.

35
Q

What kind of arrays are Intel sockets?

A

All Intel sockets that are taught are land grid arrays.

36
Q

LGA 775

A

LGA 775 (Land Grid Array and 775 for the number of lands on each CPU) made by Intel.

37
Q

Facts about LGA 775

A

LGA 775 was the first mainstream CPU and socket to use these LGA. It ran with DDR2 and had a long life. It started with Pentium 4s and lasted all the way through to the Core 2.

38
Q

What was LGA 775 replaced with?

A

LGA 775 was replaced by LGA 1156 and LGA 1366.

39
Q

Facts about LGA 1156

A

LGA 1156 was more for the mainstream systems and was the first socket that supported a built in northbridge and along with that had DDR3 support.

40
Q

The first time we began to see Core i3s, i5s, and i7s was in the?

A

LGA 1156

41
Q

What CPU socket was for higher end systems and pretty much exclusively used for the core i7?

A

LGA 1366

42
Q

What was the LGA 1156 replaced by?

A

The 1156 was replaced by LGA 1155, which was more mainstream and were the first to have full support of onboard graphics and were in the i3, i5 and i7.

43
Q

What was the LGA 1366 replaced by?

A

The 1366 was replaced by LGA 2011 on the higher end systems.

44
Q

What RAM did LGA 2011 start with? What novel systems did it support?

A

LGA 2011 started out with DDR3 but later went to DDR4. These sockets supported the first systems to stop supporting PCI. It only supported PCI Express and i3, i5, and i7.

45
Q

AMD AM2

A

AMD AM2 had 940 pins (not lands), it ran primarily on a lot of late generation Athlon 64 processors. It had HyperTransport capability and also supported DDR2.

46
Q

AM3

A

AM3 had 941 pins, it supported Athlon 2s, Phenom 2s,and also supported DDR3s

47
Q

AM3+

A

AM3+ supported Athlon 2s, Phenom 2s, DDR3, you’ll notice it has 942 pins.

48
Q

APU

A

Accelerated Processing Unit

49
Q

FM1

A

FM1 was the first AMD to support APUs and had 905 pins.

50
Q

FM2

A

FM2 (from AMD) had 904 pins and some power and speed improvements.

51
Q

FM2+

A

FM2+ had 906 pins and had more incremental improvements to the FM2, in particular substantially more PCI Express support.

52
Q

What should you make sure is compatible with your motherboard?

A

Make sure you have a CPU that is compatible with your motherboard.

53
Q

What should you follow to properly connect the CPU to the motherboard?

A

Follow the orientation notch on the processor to properly connect the CPU to the motherboard.

54
Q

What should you do to before attaching the cooling fan?

A

Read the manual to learn how to attach the cooling fan; they’re all different.

55
Q

What are fans used for?

A

Fans are used to cool CPUs, cases and other components.

56
Q

What can you do for a fan?

A

You can either use the dem fan that came with the device or replace it with a third-party fan.

57
Q

What can you do to control when your fans spin up and how fast they spin?

A

Use a utility like Speedfan to control when your fans spin up and how fast they spin.

58
Q

What is passive liquid cooling?

A

Passive Liquid Cooling runs hot fluid through a radiator to keep your CPU cool.

59
Q

What is active liquid cooling?

A

Active Liquid Cooling works like a refrigerator built into your case.

60
Q

What cools your PC more efficiently than standard fans?

A

Liquid Cooling Systems can be difficult to install, but they cool your PC more efficiently than standard fans.

CompTIA On Lynda (3 decks)

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