Microorganisms involved in lymphatics

Question 1

Yersinia pestis has a _____ appearance

Answer 1

safety-pin

Question 2

Yersinia pestis comes from _____

Answer 2

rodents/wild animals

Question 3

Yersinia pestis used in an aerosol attack could cause cases of what form of plague?

Answer 3

pneumonic

Question 4

Two main clinical forms of plague infection

Answer 4

Bubonic and pneumonic

Question 5

Most virulent form of plague

Answer 5

Pneumonic

Question 6

Most common form and is characterized by painful swollen lymph nodes

Answer 6

bubonic

Question 7

Three main antimicrobial agents recommended to treat plague

Answer 7

streptomycin
tetracycline
chloramphenicol

Question 8

Most human infections of Yersinia pestis happens in the ____ of the developing world

Answer 8

Rural areas

Question 9

Bipolar staining of Yersinia

Answer 9

Wright-Giemsa & Wayson staining

Question 10

Yersinia tests positive in which test?

A. Oxidase
B. Urease
C. Indole
D. Catalase

Answer 10

D. catalase

Question 11

Yersinia appears _______ in MacConkey agar

Answer 11

Colorless

Question 12

Yersinia has the appearance of fried eggs in what agars?

Answer 12

Sheep Blood Agar and Chocolate Agar

Question 13

The capsular antigen F1 possesses ____

Answer 13

antiphagocytic properties

Question 14

Yersinia can survive inside _____ and get carried inside lymph nodes

Answer 14

macrophages

Question 15

TRUE OR FALSE: Yersinia possesses Type III secretion system

Answer 15

True

Question 16

____ and ____ are not sufficiently secreted during Yersinia infection

Answer 16

TNF-alpha and IL-8

Question 17

The siderophore of Yersinia is also called ___

Answer 17

Yersiniabactin

Question 18

Septicemic plague can lead to excessive
production of thrombin which causes ____

Answer 18

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 19

Secondary pneumonic plague is caused by ____

A. respiratory droplets
B. Blood stream infecction

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Aside from septicemic and pneumonic, what are two other types of plague?

Answer 20

Meningeal and pharyngeal

Question 21

a ___-fold increase in antibody titer in serum probes indicate a positive diagnosis

Answer 21

4-fold

Question 22

If possible, examine cases of Yersinia using _____

Answer 22

Direct fluorescent antibody testing

Question 23

Preferred antibiotics for Yersinia

Answer 23

Aminoglycosides

Question 24

F. tularensis is classified under category _____ bioterrorism agent

Answer 24

Category A

Question 25

Cysteine-enriched mediums of F. tularensis

Answer 25

- Cysteine-enriched chocolate agar - BYCE agar (Buffered charcoal yeast agar) - CHAB Agar

Question 26

On CEAG and BYCE, F. tularensis forms ____ colonies

Answer 26

white, gray, round

Question 27

On CHAB, F. tularensis forms

Answer 27

greenish white, round, mucoid

Question 28

F. tularensis binds to a protein found in immune cells called ____

Answer 28

Toll-like receptor (TLR4)

Question 29

AcpA inhibits the ________

Answer 29

fusion of phagosome and lysosome

Question 30

Virulence factors of F. tularensis

Answer 30

- Capsule - LPS - Type IV Pili - AcpA - Siderophore

Question 31

F. tularensus is transmitted through ____

Answer 31

ticks, rabbits, and deer flies

Question 32

6 distinct forms of tularemia

Answer 32

- Ulceroglandular - Glandular - Oculograndular - Oropharyngeal - Pneumonic - Typhoidal

Question 33

Tularemia where there is lymphadenopathy with skin ulcer

Answer 33

Ulceroglandular

Question 34

Latex agglutination or ELISA can show an increase in both ______ after 2 weeks of infection

Answer 34

IgM and IgG

Question 35

For handling diagnostic samples, laboratorians should use which level of BSL laboratories?

Answer 35

BSL - 2