Micronutrients/ Anthropometry workshop Flashcards
What is the nutritional assessment?
The food we eat and the status of the body in relation to nutrition
What is the ABCDEF approach?
Anthropometry, Biochemical, Clinical, Dietary, Epidemiological, Functional.
What is Anthropometry?
A measurement of the size, weight, and proportional composition of the human body using non-invasive techniques
Variables included in anthropometry
*Fat and lean muscle composition
*Body fat distribution
The three body measurements of anthropometry
Growth, Composition, Dimensions
What does dimensions include in anthropometry?
*Body fat
*Fat-free mass
(Major components of total body mass)
How to measure height
*Measured without footwear, feet together, back of head against the wall
*Using a measuring board/stadiometer
How to measure weight (body mass)
*Use beam balances or electronic scales for accuracy
*regular calibration of scales
*no footwear
*Important to record time of day
*Naked/same amount of clothing
How to manually calculate BMI
Divide weight (in kg) with height (metres squared)
What is considered as BMI overweight and obese?
Overweight- 25-30 kg/m^2
Obese- over 30 kg/m^2
Disadvantages of using BMI
1.Does not give an indication of body composition
2.Does not indicate where fat is stored
3.Ethnic variation
4.Can overestimate body fat in muscular/thin/short people
5.Purely indication of mass relative to height
What is the chemical model for body composition (top to bottom)
1.Fat
2.Protein
3.CHO
4.Water (largest proportion)
5.Mineral
What is the 2-component model for body composition (top to bottom)
1.Fat mass
2.Fat-free mass
Predicting percentage of body fat using BMI for males and females.
- Females % body fat = (1.480 x BMI) - 7.0
2.Males % body fat = (1.281 x BMI) - 10.13
Body density Female equation
1.1581 - (0.0720 x X)
Body density males equation
1.1610 - (0.0632 x X)
What does X stand for ?
The log of the sum of skinfolds
Percentage body fat equation
(495 / Body density) - 450
How to take skinfold measurements
- 4-7 sites common
2.Triceps, biceps, subscapular, supra=iliac
3.Measurements taken on the right side of the body - take measurement three times- take average
How does hydrostatic weighing work
-Water weighing (water displacement), allows for the measure of body density from which percentage of the body fat can be estimated
-highly accuurate
Different ways to measure body composition.
- Hydrostatic weighing
2.MRI scan
3.Bioelectrical impedence - Air displacement (bodpod)
A simple method for describing the distribution of adipose tissue
- Measuring waist:hip ratio
-Increases with age and excessive weight
