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Nutri Lecture > Micronutrients > Flashcards

Micronutrients Flashcards

1
Q

What is the inactive form of Vitamin A?

A

Carotenoids

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2
Q

What does RDA stand for?

A

Recommended dietary allowance

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3
Q

What vitamin promotes good eyesight?

A

Vitamin A

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4
Q

Deficiency of Vitamin A could lead to?

A

Night blindness and xerophthalmia

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5
Q

Vitamin D that is found in plants

A

D2/Ergocalciferol

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6
Q

Sunshine Vitamin; formed in the skin upon exposure to UV rays

A

D3/Cholecalciferol

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7
Q

What are the basic dietary forms of Vitamin E?

A

Tocopherol and tocotrienols

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8
Q

What vitamin promotes absorption of calcium and phosphorous?

A

Vitamin D

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9
Q

What vitamin acts as an antioxidant and is essential for protection of cell structure especially RBC?

A

Vitamin E

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10
Q

Vitamin K that is found in dietary sources

A

K1/Phylloquinone

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11
Q

Deficiency of vitamin E could lead to the destruction of?

A

RBC

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12
Q

Vitamin K that is synthesized in the intestine by bacteria and found in animal food

A

K2/Menadione

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13
Q

What vitamin maintains prothrombin level in blood plasma for blood clot formation

A

Vitamin K

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14
Q

Why is there the need to inject baby with vitamin K immediately after delivery?

A

Liver is still immature to synthesize Vitamin K for clotting factors

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15
Q

Fresh Food Vitamin, vitamin that acts as an antioxidant and is an iron enhancer

A

Vitamin C

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16
Q

Vitamin C is also known as?

A

Ascorbic Acid

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17
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin A?

A

Retinol

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18
Q

Vitamin C is readily destroyed by?

A

heat

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19
Q

This aids in the retention of Vitamin C

A

Refrigeration

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20
Q

Vitamin C prevents what disease?

A

Scurvy

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21
Q

Vitamin B1 deficiency causes what disease?

A

Beriberi

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22
Q

Vitamin B that is needed for the metabolism of carbohydrates

A

B1/Thiamine

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23
Q

Vitamin B that is essential for protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism

A

B2/Riboflavin

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24
Q

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B2, characterized by swollen lips and cracked corners of the mouth

A

Cheilosis

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25
Q

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B3, characterized by dermatitis

A

Pellagra

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26
Q

A disease caused by a lack of Vitamin B2, characterized by swollen and magenta red tongue

A

Glossitis

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27
Q

Vitamin B that plays an essential role in energy metabolism

A

B3/Niacin

28
Q

Vitamin B that is a component/part of coenzyme A

A

B5/Pantothenic Acid

29
Q

Vitamin B that aids in the formation of tryptophan

A

B6/Pyridoxine

30
Q

Pseudo vitamin, also called muscle sugar since its chemistry is closely similar to glucose

A

Inositol

31
Q

The richest food source of choline is?

A

Egg yolk

32
Q

Vitamin B that acts as a coenzyme factor in CO2 fixation

A

B7/Biotin

33
Q

Vitamin B that aids in the formation of both RBC and WBC in bone marrow and its maturation

A

B9/Folic Acid

34
Q

Major mineral that promotes blood coagulation, muscular contraction and relaxation

A

Calcium

35
Q

Vitamin B that is essential for normal metabolism and growth of all cells. It is involved in myelin formation

A

B12/Cobalamin

36
Q

Pseudo vitamin, aids in the transmission of nerve impulses

A

Choline

37
Q

Major mineral that maintains fluid and acid-base balance

A

Sodium

38
Q

Major mineral that is essential in cellular metabolism and increases the stability of calcium in tooth enamel

A

Magnesium

39
Q

What is the normal potassium level?

A

3.5-5.5 mEq/L

40
Q

Major mineral that maintains fluid and electrolyte balance. Also acts as a muscle relaxant in contrast to calcium

A

Potassium

41
Q

Major mineral that is a component of bones and teeth

A

Phosphorous

42
Q

Major mineral that maintains protein structure and activates enzymes

A

Sulfur

43
Q

Major mineral that contributes to the acidity in the stomach

A

Chlorine

44
Q

What is the normal pH of blood?

A

7.35-7.45 pH

45
Q

Trace mineral that is a carrier of oxygen needed for cellular respiration

A

Iron

46
Q

Trace mineral that aids in the formation of hemoglobin and absorption of iron from the GIT

A

Copper

47
Q

Trace mineral that is needed in the production of T4 hormone

A

Iodine

48
Q

Trace mineral that increases the storage of thiamine/B1

A

Manganese

49
Q

Trace mineral that acts as a constituent of B12

A

Cobalt

50
Q

Trace mineral that enhances wound healing and maintains normal sense of taste

A

Zinc

51
Q

Trace mineral that is present inbound as a an integral part of various enzymes

A

Molybdenum

52
Q

Trace mineral that is formed in the dentine and enamel of the teeth. Effective in the treatment of Osteoporosis

A

Fluorine

53
Q

Trace mineral that prevents Vitamin E deficiency

A

Selenium

54
Q

Trace mineral that raises abnormally low fasting blood glucose levels

A

Chromium

55
Q

Trace mineral that is involved in the crystal formation of tooth enamel

A

Vanadium

56
Q

Vitamin toxicity, excessive accumulation of a vitamin in the body

A

Hypervitaminosis

57
Q

Substances that interfere with the normal functioning of a vitamin

A

Antivitamins/ Vitamin antagonists

58
Q

Vitamins that are naturally occurring and ready for biological use

A

Preformed vitamins

59
Q

Compounds that can be converted into active vitamins

A

Precursors/Provitamins

60
Q

Lack of vitamins

A

Avitaminosis

61
Q

too much or too little vitamins

A

Vitamin Malnutrition

62
Q

Compounds that are present in larger amounts and are partially synthesized in the body

A

Vitamin-like Compounds

63
Q

What is the formula of BMI?

A

weight (kg) / height (m^2)

64
Q

Sarah is 5’4” (1.63 m) tall and weighs 150 lbs (68 kg). She is concerned about her health and wants to calculate her BMI. Calculate Sarah’s BMI and determine if she falls within the healthy range (18.5 - 24.9).

A

25.6 (overweight)

65
Q

John is a professional weightlifter, standing 6’0” (1.83 m) tall and weighing 220 lbs (100 kg). His coach asks him to check his BMI. Calculate John’s BMI and discuss whether he falls within the healthy range (18.5 - 24.9).

A

29.9 (overweight)

Nutri Lecture (4 decks)

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