Micromonerals Flashcards
1
Q
Microminerals
A
Chromium Copper Fluoride Iodine Iron Manganese Molybdenum Selenium Zinc
2
Q
Chromium
A
- normal use of blood glucose and function of insulin Body content - approx 4-6mg Deficiency symptoms - glucose intolerance - abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism Food sources Mushrooms Prunes Asparagus Whole grain breads Cereals
3
Q
Copper
A
- utilisation of iron stores, lipids, collagen, pigment
- neurotransmitter synthesis
Body content- approx 50-150mg
Deficiency symptoms:
Anaemia
Neutropenia
Bone abnormalities
Food sources:
Shellfish
Whole grains
Legumes
Eggs
4
Q
Fluoride
A
- maintenance of teeth and bone structure Deficiency symptoms - dental caries - bone problems Food sources Fish Meat Legumes Grains Fluoridated drinking water
5
Q
Iron
A
- component of haemoglobin and myoglobin for oxygen transport and cellular use Body content: 2.4g Food source: Meat Molasses Oysters Nuts Legumes Leafy green veg Iron deficiency: - anaemia - listlessness - fatigue - palpitations - dysphagia
6
Q
Iron nutrient interactions
A
Absorption enhancing factors (nonhaeme)
- MFP factor
- vitamin C
- citric acid and lactic acids, HCl from stomach
Absorption inhibiting factors
- phytates and fibre from legume, grains, and rice
- vegetable proteins in soybeans, legumes and nuts
- calcium in milk
Toxicity- haemochromatosis
- abdominal pain, fatigue, joint pain, loss of body hair, loss of sexual desire
7
Q
Iodine
A
- thyroid hormone synthesis Body content- 15-20mg Deficiency: - enlarged thyroid gland - myxedema/ hypothyroidism - cretinism - increase in blood lipids, gluconeogenesis
Food sources: Iodised salt Salt water Seafood Sunflower seeds Mushrooms Liver
8
Q
Manganese
A
- brain function
- collagen and bone growth
- urea synthesis
- glucose and lipid metabolism
- CNS function
Body content 2.4g
Deficiency symptoms: - impaired growth
- skeletal abnormalities
- impaired CNS function
Food sources
Wheat bran
Legumes
Nuts
Lettuce
Blueberries
9
Q
Molybdenum
A
- important cofactor for enzymes involved in metabolism of purines, pyrmidines, pteridines, aldehydes and oxidation Deficiency: - hypermethioninaemia - increased urinary can't home and sulfite excretion - decreased urinary sulfate and urate excretion Food sources: Soybeans Lentils Buckwheat Oats Rice Bread
10
Q
Selenium
A
- protects cells from destruction by hydrogen peroxide and free radicals Body content: approx 15mg Deficiency symptoms: - myalgia - cardiac myopathy - increased cell fragility - pancreatic degeneration Food sources: grains, meat, poultry, fish, dairy products
11
Q
Zinc
A
- energy metabolism
- protein synthesis
- collagen formation
- alcohol detoxification
- carbon dioxide elimination
- sexual maturation
- taste and smell functions
Body content: 1.5-2.5g
Deficiency symptoms: - poor wound healing
- subnormal growth
- anorexia
- abnormal taste/ smell
Food sources: oysters, wheat germ, beef, whole grains
