Microbiome and Ageing

Question 1

What is meant by the gut?

Answer 1

Largest interface with the external world. More microbial cells than human cells.

Question 2

State 3 types of intervention.

Answer 2

Pre-biotic. Probiotic. Symbiotic.

Question 3

What is meant by a prebiotic?

Answer 3

Dietary fibre which microbes breakdown for energy - feeds friendly fibre in your gut.

Question 4

What is meant by a probiotic?

Answer 4

Live microorganisms which offer a health benefit.

Question 5

What is meant by a symbiotic?

Answer 5

Interaction between 2 different organisms living in close physical association - combination of pre-biotics and probiotics.

Question 6

Which 2 groups of bacteria dominate the gut?

Answer 6

Bacteroidetes. Firmicutes.

Question 7

Name 2 groups of bacteria which are probiotics.

Answer 7

Lactobacillus. Bifidobacterium.

Question 8

Give 2 examples of probiotics.

Answer 8

Yoghurt. Kimchi. Pickles. Miso.

Question 9

Give 2 examples pre-biotics.

Answer 9

Banana. Onions. Garlic. Beans.

Question 10

When gut microbes metabolize pre-biotics?

Answer 10

Nourishes cells that line the gut. Associated with reducing the risk of cancer (colorectal cancer) - relieving constipation, diarrhoea. Enters the bloodstream - communicate with brain to regulate the immune system.