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Board Review Part 1 > Microbiology Part III > Flashcards

Microbiology Part III Flashcards

1
Q

What is the head of a tapeworm?

A

Scolex

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2
Q

Match Tapeworm, Fluke, and roundworm with Nematode, trematode, and cestode

A

Tapeworm - Cestode
Ringworm - Nematode
Fluke - Trematode

“Try Ronnie First”, then the C, N, T go in alphabetical order

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3
Q

What is the vector of Taenia Saginata?

A

Uncooked Beef

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4
Q

What is the vector of Taenia Solium? what can this cause?

A

Uncooked pork

Causes Cysticercosis –> larvae containing cysts in liver, eye, and brain

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5
Q

What is the vector of Echinococcus Granulosis? what can this cause?

A

Canine feces

Hydatid cysts in liver and lung

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6
Q

What is the vector of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Mouth, contaminated sushi

  • MC freshwater= pacific salmon
  • MC saltwater= yellow tail tuna
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7
Q

What is vector of shistosoma japonicum? What type of fluke is it? What does it cause?

A

Snail
Blood Fluke
Swimmer’s itch

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8
Q

What is MCC of death by a helmith worldwide?

A

Shistosoma Japonicum

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9
Q

What type of fluke is paragonimus westermani? What is the vector?

A

Pulmonary (Lung)

Crayfish, mouth

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10
Q

What is the MC roundworm?

A

AScaris Lumbricoides

  • Your ASs is round*
  • also spread ASs to mouth
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11
Q

What is MC Helminth infection worldwide?

A

Ascaris Lumbricoides

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12
Q

What is MC hookworm in US?

A

Necator ‘Mericanus

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13
Q

What type of worm is enterobius vermicularis? What does it cause? What is the route?

A

Pinworm

  • Causes river blindness
  • Ass to finger to mouth
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14
Q

How do you test for Enterobius Vermicularis?

A

Scotch tape or cellophane on the butthole

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15
Q

What is MC helminth in US?

A

Enterobius Vermicularis

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16
Q

How is Trichonella Spiralis Diagnosed? What is the vector?

A

X ray

Raw pork

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17
Q

How is trichuris trichura spread? What does it cause?

A

Ass to mouth

Weight loss

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18
Q

Herpes SImplex type 1 causes ____ and can be in ___ AKA ___ ganglion

A

fever blisters (cold sores)
Trigeminal
Gasserion

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19
Q

Hrpes zoster causes __ in adults. Does not cross the ___. Hides in the ___ and follows ___

A

shingles
midline
DRG
dermatomes

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20
Q

Rubella is the german measles AKA __ __ __. What does it cause? When is most susceptible?

A

three day measles
congenital rubella syndrome
limb malformation
1st trimester

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21
Q

What does rubeloa cause?

A

3 Cs

  • cough, coryza (runny nose), conjunctivitis
  • koplik spots on buccal mucosa
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22
Q

What is the rash called that is caused by Varicella (chicken pox?)

A

Maculopapularvesicular rash

-red, elevated, fluid filled skin lesion

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23
Q

What does coxsackie cause? what is AKA

A

Childhod Dysentary

Hand, foot, and mouth disease

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24
Q

How is Hantavirus spread?

A

Rodents, including chipmunks and prarie dogs

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25
Q

What structure does polio affect? Bulbar type causes??

A 
Anterior horn (alpha motor)
Respiratory Paralysis --> Major cause of death
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26
Q

What is hallmark feature of influenza?

A

Antigenic Drift or shift
Small mutation= drift
Big mutation = Shift
-causes the flu

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27
Q

What does the mumps cause? What does it lead to? What are complications?

A

Parotiditis
leads to lower motor neuron disease of CN7
*BELLS PALSY
-can cause sterility from oophritis or orchitis

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28
Q

What does RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) cause?

A

Croup and bronchioltis

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29
Q

What is AIDs caused by? What kind of cells are affected?

A 
Retro virus that uses reverse transcriptase (RNA --> DNA)
CD4 cells (T helper cells)
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30
Q

What is #1 fungal infection in AIDs

A

Pneumocystis Carinii

*also #1 cause of death with AIDS (from pneumonia from infection)

31
Q

What is #1 parasitic infection infection from AIDS?

A

Toxoplasmodia (cat feces)

32
Q

How is Hep D transmitted?

A

Co infection with Hep B

33
Q

Which Hep viruses make the host a carrier for life?

34
Q

Which Hep virus affects DNA?

A

Hep B

*all others affect RNA

35
Q

Hep D is AKA ___ particle. ONLY replicates in presence of __ __

A

dane

Hep B

36
Q

What is vector of yellow fever? What virus is this and what does it affect?

A

Aedes Agypti Mosquito
Viscerotropic Virus
affects liver

37
Q

What is vector of Dengue fever? What does the pt. develop?

A

Mosquito

develop breakbone fever or bone crusher disease (from severe myalgia and arthralgias)

38
Q

What causes bubonic plague? what is aka?

A

Rat flea

Black Death

39
Q

What bacteria may a hunter get?

A 
Francisella Tularensis (from rabbits, maybe squirrels)
-causes Tuleremia

“The french rabbits smell tulips”

40
Q

What causes botulism? What does it cause? What are 1st and 2nd symptoms?

A 
Clostridium 
meats and gravies (home canning)
prevents AcH release (Floppy baby syndrome)
1st- diplopia
2nd- Death
41
Q

What is MCC of gastritis and #1 cause of diarrhea?

A

Campylobacter

42
Q

What is vector of listeria?

A

Deli meats and soft cheese

43
Q

Salmonella manifests how long after ingestion? What is cause manifestation?

A

12-24 hrs post ingestion

causes fever, caused by chicken shit (eggs and poultry too)

44
Q

What causes Bang’s disease and sopntaneous abortions in cattle?

A

Brucellosos

45
Q

Cholera is __ shaped and is characterized by what? What is ummune response?

A

Comma

  • rice water stools
  • NO immune response
46
Q

What does shigella cause?

A

Bacillary/ Bacterial Dysentery (blood in stool)

47
Q

What causes travellers diarrhea? AKA?

A

E. Coli, enterotoxigenic form

Montezuma’s Revenge

48
Q

What is the Enterohemorrhagic form of E coli? What is AKA?

A

OH157

Hamburger’s Disease

49
Q

Bacillus Anthracis causes what? AKA?

A

Anthrax
Wool sorters disease
-remember Gram + Rod

50
Q

Tetanus causes __ aka __. WHat does this inhibit?

A

Lockjaw
Trismus
inhibits GABA and Glycine

51
Q

1 cause of Otitis Media

A

Haemophilus Influenza

52
Q

2 cause of Otitis Media

A

Strep Pneumoniae

53
Q

1 cause of Otitis Externa

54
Q

2 cause of Otitis Externa

A

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

55
Q

What is the proper name of the Lyme disease vector?

A

Lxodes Scapularis (Deer tick)

56
Q

What is AKA for Bulls eye rash caused by Lymes disease

A

Erythema Chronica Migrans

57
Q

What is infectious stage of Dysentery (Entamoeba Histolytica)?

58
Q

Which enzyme adds virulence to Staph, Strep, or Clostridia? What does it do?

A

Hyaluronidase

-breaks down tissue “cement” of hyaluronic acid. Facilitates dissemination of microorganisms in tissue

59
Q

What is #1 MCC of Meningitis in infants?

A

E Coli –> Strep Pneumoniae

60
Q

What is #2 MCC of Meningitis in infants?

A

Listeria –> Neisseria Meningitides (only one with rash)

61
Q

What is most lethal meningitis? What does it cause?

A

Naegleria Fowleri

causes Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

62
Q

What does Leishmania Donovani cause? What is the vector? WHat is hallmark sign?

A

Kala-Azar (leishmaniasis)
Sandfly
Dehli Boil

63
Q

What is Giardiasis aka?

A

Beaver fever

-from drinking stagnant stream water

64
Q

What is MC form of malaria? What is vector?

A

Plasmodium Vivax

Female Anopheles mosquito injects it into blood

65
Q

What is the most fatal form of malaria? AKA?

A

Plasmodium Falciparum

Black Water Fever

66
Q

Tyypanosoma Cruzi is caused by which vector? Causes what condition?

A

Kissing “reduviid” bug

Chaga’s disease

67
Q

Which fungus causes a fungal ball in the lungs? What does this cause?

A

Aspergillosis

Aflatoxin causes primary liver cancer

68
Q

What is the cause of Sporotrichosis?

A

Sporotherix Schenkii from rosebush thorns and flowers

  • Gardeners are at risk!
  • boards said bringin fresh flowers to hospital
69
Q

How do you detect Cutaneous ringworm?

A

UV lamp aka “Woods lamp”

or from skin scrapings tested in potassium hydroxide. No blood tests

70
Q

What does coxiella burnetti cause? What is vector?

A

Q fever

Milk

71
Q

What does rickettsia Prowazeki cause? what is vector?

A

Epidemic Typhus aka “Bril-Zinsser’s dz”
louse
-Urban environments prone

72
Q

What does Rickettsia Rickettsii cause? WHat is vector?

A

Rocky Mtn. Spotted fever aka “Dermacentor Andersoni”

Wood tick

73
Q

ALL Rickettsia are Weil Felix + except __ __

A

Coxiella Burnetii

74
Q

What causes parrot fever?

A

Chlamydia Psittaci

-psittacosis, lower respiratory infection

Board Review Part 1 (7 decks)

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