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Board Review Part 1 > Microbiology Part II > Flashcards

Microbiology Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Where do Microaerophilic microbes grow?

A

Candle Jar culture

-prefer low O2

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2
Q

What is zoonosis?

A

Transfer of disease from animal to human

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3
Q

Anthrax AKA. What type of bacteria?

A

Woolsorter’s Disease
Gram + Rods
*Sporulates

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4
Q

What is Ames test for? WHat does it use?

A

Carcinogenicity

Salmonella Typhimurium

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5
Q

What does ASO titer test for?

A

Strep pyogenes antibodies/ Rheumatic Fever

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6
Q

WHat does BOD test for?

A

“Biological Oxygen Demand”

-best test for water pollution (any pollution)

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7
Q

What does Catalase test for?

A

Staph (cat +) vs. Strep (cat -)

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8
Q

What does chocolate agar test for?

A

Gonorrhea

AKA Thayer Martin Agar/ Heated blood agar

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9
Q

What does coagulase test for?

A

Staph Aureus (Coag +) vs. other staph (Coag -) pathogenic vs. non pathogenic

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10
Q

What does HLA B27 test for?

A 
Seronegative Arthritides
-PEAR
psoriatic
enteropathic arthropathy
AS
Reiter's
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11
Q

What does CD4 test for?

A

AIDS

-ELISA checks DNA, Western Blot check protein

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12
Q

WHat does Paul Bunnel test for?

A

Mononucleosis (Heterophile Agglutination)

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13
Q

What does Quellung test for?

A

Swelling of capsule of strep pneumoniae

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14
Q

What does Sabouraud Agar test for?

A

Fungi

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15
Q

What does Schick test for?

A

Immunity to diphtheria

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16
Q

What does Weil Felix Test for?

A

All rickettsia but Coxiella Burnetii

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17
Q

What does Widel test for?

A

Typhoid Fever

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18
Q

What does Tzank test for?

A

Herpes (Zoster, Simplex, and Varicella)

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19
Q

WHat are some notable syphilis tests?

A

Kahn
Wasserman
VDRL (Venerial Disease research lab)
Darkfield

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20
Q

What does Ziehl Nelson Staining demonstrate?

A

Acid Fast Organisms

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21
Q

What is the best test for TB?

A

Active Sputum Culture

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22
Q

How does an autoclave affect bacteria?

A

Denatures membranes- All but prions

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23
Q

What is the major sequelae of vaccinations

A

Guillian-Barre AKA post-infectious polyradiculopathy

-post vaccination (flu) or infection

24
Q

White color pus means…

25
Q

What is the #1 bacteria seen with Cystic Fibrosis?

A

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (loves hot, warm places)

26
Q

Which infection fluoresces blue under UV light from Pyocyanin and Fluorescin pigment?

A

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

27
Q

What is yellow pus seen with?

A

Staph Aureus

*Remember AU= Gold

28
Q

What is yellow/ green pus seen with?

29
Q

What is white Discharge seen with?

A

Candida (yeast infection)

*remember to differentiate white discharge (candida) v. white purulent discharge (Chlamydia)

30
Q

What is Iodine used for?

A

Pre-op disinfectant

-also a fixer of gram stain

31
Q

Penicillin affects which bacteria? How?

A

Gram +

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

32
Q

Tetracycline affects which bacteria? How? What is the main sign?

A

Gram + and - (Broad Spectrum)
Inhibits protein synthesis
Turns teeth gray or yellow brown

33
Q

What did Flemming do?

A

Discovered penicillin

34
Q

What did Iwanowski do?

A

Discovered the virus

-Tobacco mosaic was the first

35
Q

What did Koch do?

A
  • Proved that bacteria causes disease –> Koch’s Postulates

- Anthrax vaccine

36
Q

What did Stanley Pyusner do?

A

Discovered Prions

37
Q

What did Sabin do?

A

Developed live polio vaccine, given orally

38
Q

What did Salk do?

A

Developed dead polio vaccine, by injection. Before Sabin’s live vaccine.

39
Q

What did Semmelweiss do?

A

Started washing hands before delivering babies and significantly reduced Puerperal fever (Childbed fever)

40
Q

What do you look for when examining an agar plate?

A 
Dwarf
Spreaing
Mucoid capsule forming: related to virulence
Compact
***Rough
***Smooth
41
Q

How will Alpha (partial) hemolysis appear on blood agar?Seen with which bacteria?

A

Green ring

Strep Pneumoniae and viridans

42
Q

How will Beta (complete) hemolysis appear on blood agar? Seen with which bacteria?

A

Clear ring

Strep pyogenes

43
Q

How will Gamma hemolysis appear on blood agar? Seen with which bacteria?

A

Red Ring

Strep mutans

44
Q

Which bacteria causes Cavities (caries)?

A

Strep Mutans

45
Q

What is plasmid DNA transfer via Sex pilus?

A

Conjugation

46
Q

What is bacteriophage transfer of genetic material between bacteria bacteriophage?

A

Transduction

47
Q

What is direct uptake of free DNA?

A

Transformation

48
Q

What does the CDC do?

A

Compiles stats, not research

-In ATL

49
Q

What does HHS do?

A

Controls FDA, CDC, and USPHS (Educates)

50
Q

What is Incidence?

A

of NEW cases in given time period

51
Q

What is prevalence?

A

TOTAL # of cases at a particular point in time

52
Q

What is the water purification process in order

A

Primary Tx:

  • FIltration
  • Flocculation
  • Sedimentation
  • Sludge Digestion

Secondary Tx:

  • Sand Filtration
  • Aeration
  • Chlorination
  • Possible FLuoridation
53
Q

What happens during flocculation?

A

Aluminum Trichloride is added. Its a precipitant, so it causes clumping

54
Q

What happens during sand filtration?

A

Removes anaerobic bacteria

-may be refered to as “trickling filter”

55
Q

What happens during sludge digestion?

A

Anaerobic bacteria are added

Board Review Part 1 (7 decks)

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