Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NDSU > Microbiology Lab Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Microbiology Lab Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the final electron receptors of aerobic production?

A

oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the final electron receptors of fermentation?

A

organic molecule like pyruvate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the final electron receptors of anaerobic production?

A

inorganic molecule- nitrate reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is undergone when nitrate is reduced to nitrite?

A

nitrate reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in sugar broths with bromescol purple, what does it mean when they change to yellow?

A

positive reaction- acid detection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

in sugar broths with bromescol purple, what does it mean when they change to half yellow?

A

bacteria partially fermented the sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does a bubble in the Durham tube mean?

A

gas production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the breakdown of energy called?

A

catabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the creation of energy called?

A

anabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are exoenzymes (extracellular enzymes)?

A

zones of clearing around the growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the exoenzymes in the breakdown of starch?

A

amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the exoenzymes in the breakdown of casein?

A

caseinase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

do you have to add a reagent to starch or casein before reading the result?

A

starch- lugol’s iodine
casein- no reagent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hemolysis on blood agar is what?

A

breakdown of red blood cells to make them visible on a plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a zone of inhibition?

A

zone of clearing where no bacteria is grown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is a resistant zone?

A

no zone of inhibition observed, bacteria grows up to disk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is a sensitive zone?

A

area of clearing around the disk where no growth of bacteria is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is a susceptible zone?

A

zones of inhibition are observed and bacteria is killed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a broad-spectrum antibiotic?

A

effective against both gram positive and gram negative tetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are coliforms?

A

they are gram negative, no spores, rod shaped bacterium, and ferments lactose to acid and gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how would you determine if you have a coliform in a water source?

A

perform the presumptive test, confirmed test, and completed test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the steps for the presumptive test? and what does a positive test look like

A

color is yellow and there is gas in the durham tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the steps of the confirmed test? and what does a positive test look like

A

growth is pink nucleated colonies or shiny black or green colonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the steps of the completed test? and what does a positive test look like

A

yellow in color and gas in durham tube, gram stained bacteria would be pink, rod shaped, and no spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is EMB agar used for?

A

confirmed test of water testing- differential and selective (gram negative bacteria) media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does EMB agar look like for coliforms?

A

often dark and shiny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what does EMB agar look like for E. coli?

A

Metallic green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what part of the EMB test is lactose used in?

A

differential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

when the presumptive, confirmed, and completed test indicate that coliforms are present in the water source, you do no know if it is a fecal or non-fecal coliform. further testing must be done to differentiate between those types of coliforms called?

A

IMViC- Indole Production, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer, Citrate

30
Q

what is the IMViC test?

A

a series of test to determine of a bacteria is a fecal coliform or a non fecal coliform

31
Q

what are the positives and negatives for each part of the IMViC test?

A

I- positive red strip; negative yellow strip
M- positive red broth; negative orange broth
Vi- positive red broth; negative no color
C- positive blue agar; negative green agar

32
Q

what does each test detect in the IMViC test?

A

I- indole production
M- methyl red
Vi- voges proskauer
C- citrate

33
Q

what are the reagents used for each test in the IMViC test?

A

I- Kovac’s reagent
M- methyl red reagent
Vi- alpha-naphthol and KOH
C- no reagents

34
Q

what is the IMViC result for a fecal coliform? and an example?

A

E.coli I(+) M(+) V(-) C(-)

35
Q

what is the IMViC result for a non-fecal coliform? and an example?

A

K. aerogenes I(-) M(-) V(+) C(+)

36
Q

what are the differences between viruses, funguses, and bacteria?

A

virus- small
bacteria- single celled
fungus- multicellular

37
Q

what is the purpose of a plate count?

A

to estimate the number of microorganisms in a given sample

38
Q

what is the acceptable number of colonies to count?

A

25-250

39
Q

if you count 58 colonies on a plate that is diluted to 10^-7, what is the CFU/mL?

A

5.8 x 10^8

40
Q

dilution factor is?

A

inverse of dilution

41
Q

dilution has a ____ exponent?

A

negative

42
Q

if you have 1200000 CFU/mL, how far would you need to dilute the sample to get a countable plate?

A

10^-4

43
Q

if you have 5 grams of meat (dilute or sample) added to 30 mL of water, what would the dilution be?

A

10^-6

44
Q

why do we use sugar tubes?

A

used to determine carbohydrate fermentation and metabolism

45
Q

In a positive presumptive test for coliforms, lactose tubes must have?

A

both acid and gas to indicate lactose fermentation

46
Q

what can be determined using the nitrate reduction test?

A

anaerobic respiration

47
Q

ATP production of nitrate reduction most to least

A

Aerobic respiration (most), Anaerobic respiration (middle), fermentation (least)

48
Q

what are the reagents of nitrate reduction?

A

sulfanilic acid and alpha-naphythylamine

49
Q

why do we do dilutions?

A

lower the concentration of a solution

50
Q

what is dilution of the dilute 1/5?

A

10^-5

51
Q

if your bacteria is positive for the nitrate test: what color will the tube turn and what type of metabolism is occurring?

A

red, anaerobic

52
Q

what color is a positive reaction to a sugar fermentation tube?

A

yellow

53
Q

what is the purpose of the durham tube?

A

collects gas from fermentation

54
Q

what does a positive casein agar test mean?

A

the bacteria is able to break down casein

55
Q

what does a positive test on casein agar look like?

A

clear halo around bacteria

56
Q

what does a positive starch agar test mean?

A

the bacteria is able to break down starch

57
Q

what does a positive test on starch look like?

A

yellow halo around bacteria, iodine on outside

58
Q

drawing a plate with 2 disks of antimicrobial on it? one disk shows resistant bacteria and one disk shows sensitive bacteria

A

resistant- bacteria grown all throughout
sensitive- area of clearing around the disk where bacteria was killed

59
Q

what is the area of clearing called?

A

zone of inhibition

60
Q

what is the antibiotic we used that is broad spectrum?

A

tetracycline

61
Q

what makes that antibiotic broad spectrum?

A

effective against both gram positive and gram negative ex. mycoplasma and rickettsia sp

62
Q

are gram negative or gram positive more sensitive to antimicrobials?

A

gram positive because they lack an outer member

63
Q

Label these plates: 321, 70, 17

A

321- TNTC
70- countable
17- TFTC

64
Q

penicillin

A

effective against gram positive- oral and injection

65
Q

polymyxin B

A

effective against Pseudomonas sp.- topical use

66
Q

tetracycline

A

effective against gram positive and gram negative- mycoplasma and rickettsia- oral or injection

67
Q

formalin

A

effective against vegetative and spores- preservative for tissue, dissection, disinfection

68
Q

lysol

A

effective against vegetative but not endospores- disinfectant

69
Q

bleach

A

effective against vegetative but not endospores- disinfectant for water

70
Q

scope

A

does not kill endospores or mycobacterium- sanitizer, disinfectant, mouthwash

NDSU (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions