Microbiology-Ebola Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of viral hemorrhagic fever viruses

A

Filoviruses (Marburg/Ebola), Flaviviruses (Dengue/Yellow fever), Bunyaviruses (Hanta), Arenaviruses (Lassa)

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2
Q

Epidemiologic triangle

A

Agent, Host and Environment

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3
Q

Route of infection of viral hemorrhagic fever

A

Inhalation (arena and bunya), arthropod (flavi, bunya) contact with body fluids (filo, arena) and artificially aerosolized.

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4
Q

5 species of ebola

A

Ebola Zaire (80% fatality rate), Ebola Sudan (50% fatality), Tai Forest, Bundibugyo (20% fatality rate) and Reston virus (Phillipines)

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5
Q

Most likely reservoir of ebola

A

Fruit bats

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6
Q

Why is the current outbreak in West Africa worse than past ebola outbreaks?

A

Transportation

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7
Q

Incubation period for ebola

A

Most likely 3-13 days. The early febrile period lasts 0-3 days (maculopapular rash, pharyngitis, conjunctivitis). GI symptoms start 3-10 days after infection (vomiting blood, gingival bleeding, IV site oozing). Shock from hemorrhage or recovery ensues around 7-12 days. Late complications begin around 10 days.

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8
Q

BSL-1

A

Microorganisms not known to cause disease, wash your hands after.

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9
Q

BSL-2

A

Moderate risk organisms you work with under a hood with a gown/glove and do not infect people by aerosol.

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10
Q

BSL-3

A

Microorganisms infect by aerosol, workers wear mask, get vaccinated, therapeutic interventions exist if infected.

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11
Q

BSL-4

A

Microorganisms that are deadly and have no vaccination or treatment. Must wear space suit.

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12
Q

Setting up a field health care facility for ebola

A

Separate low risk regions from high risk regions and minimize invasive procedures.

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13
Q

What is the Ro for ebola?

A

If 1 person gets infected, typically 1 or 2 other people get infected. Compare this to the most infectious disease measles, with an Ro of 12-18.

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14
Q

Rules for treating patients with ebola

A

No exposed skin, N95 mask, double gloves

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15
Q

Key to getting out of the current ebola outbreak

A

Increase trust in the medical care system to get local doctors back and patients confident enough to go seek help.

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