Microbiology Chapter 4 Flashcards
Prokarypte or eularyote? Paured chromosome in membrane Histones Organelles Polysaccharide cell walks Mitotic spindle
Eularyote
Prokaryote or eukaryote? One circular chromosome not in membrane No histones No organelles Binary fission
Prokaryote
Prokaryote shapes sunce modt are monomorphic(one form)?
Bacillus rod
Coccis sphere
Spiral :sprilium, vibrio and spirochete
Prefixes?
Diplo : two
Strep: line
Staph: stacked
Peptidoglycan crll wall finction and structure?
Prevents osmostic lysis
Alternating dissacharide nag and nam
Tetrapeptide side chain(up)
Peptide cross bridge (middle)
Gram positive or negative? Thick peptidohlycan and techoic acid
Positive cell wall LipoTechoic acids libks plasma membrane Wall t acid links peptidoglycan Regulates cation movement Polysaccjaride privide antigenes variation
Gram positive pr negative? Thin peptidoglycan, outer membrane and periplasmic space
Negative cell wall Protection from phagocytes, conplement and antibiotics O polysaccharide endotoxin Porins for. Channels membranes And lipid a endotoxin
Gram stain mechanics in positive & negative grams
Cv fotms in cell
+=alcohol dehydrates crystals not leave
-=alcohol dissolves out membranesand cv washes out due to holes
Atypical cell walls? Effects on acid fast, mycoplasmas and archea
Acid fast like hram positive non acid fast like gram negative
Mycoplasmas no cell ealls sterols in plasma membrane
Atchea no walls or pseduemutei. Walls lack nam and amino acid
Glycoalyx in exterior cell wall
Stocky, neat organize, sline, polysaccharide attacj, prevent dehydration and phago cytosis
Flagelka function
Motility
Flagellin protein
Protein hooked and anchored to membrane
Petri, moni, lopho amd amphi
Coveted, one, many polar and both ends
Flagella motility pattern?
One direction rotation = run
Reversal it tumbles to turn
Axial filaments motility in exterior
Endoflahella
Spirochetes
Anchored at one cell end
Fimbriae purpose in exterior
Allow attachment
Pillus function? Exterrior
Conjugation dna transfer and movement pillus gor gliding or twitchibg
Inside membrane structure? Plasma membrane
Structrure : phospho lipid layer
Movement viscousity move laterally
Plasma membrane function?
Selective permeability
Atp production enYmes
Photosynthetic pigments
Movement across membranes? Simple diffusion
Movement of solute from ab area of high to low concentratio
Movement of material facilitated diffusion
Solute combinrs with transporter protein in the membrane
Movement of water across membranes: osmosis and osmotic pressure
Osmosis hogh to low
Osmostic pressure pressurw needed to stop movement of water across membrane
Movement of materials across membranes? Active and group transport
Active : transport proteinan atp
Group ; requires transport protein and pep
Inside plasma membrane:cytoplasm
Substance inside plasma membrane
Inside plasma membrane nucleoid
Bacteri chromosome haploid no histone close circulat
Prokaryotic robosome
Proteinsynthesis structure 70 subunits
Endospores? Sporulation = formation and germination back to vegetative state
Rasting cells , reaisyant to desiscation heat and chemicals last ditch effort for survival
Rndospore inside and outside?
Core, cortex , spore coat and exosporiun
Organelles and function?
Nucleus,er, golgi complex,lysosome, vacuole, mitochondrion, chloroplast, perpxisome and centrosome
Nucleus: contains cheomosome Er: trnasport network Golgi:membrane formation and sectetion Lysosome:digestive enzymes Vauole : support and food storage Mitochondrion; cell respiration Chloroplast:photosyntheis Peroxisome: oxidation of fatty acids destroy hydrogen peroxide Centrosome:consists of protein fibers and centrioles
Ribosomes needed for protein syh thesis
80s membrane bound to er but free in cytoplasm
70s in chloroplast and mitochondria
Cytoskeleton compositin?
Microfilaments and intermediate fillamenys and microtobules
Endosymbiotic theory?
Prganelles originatec as symbioed between sperate single celled organisms
