Microbiology: Chapter 2 The Chemistry of Biology

Question 0

Atom

Answer 0

Simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler substances

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

All materials that occupy space and have mass. Matter is composed of atoms.

Question 2

Protons

Answer 2

Positive subatomic particles

Question 3

Neutrons

Answer 3

Neutral subatomic particle

Question 4

Electrons

Answer 4

Negative subatomic particles

Question 5

Elements

Answer 5

Pure substances with a characteristic number of protons, neutrons, and electrons and predictable chemical behaviors.

Question 6

Atomic number

Answer 6

Number of protons

Question 7

Mass number

Answer 7

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 8

Isotopes

Answer 8

Variant from of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons.

Question 9

Atomic weight

Answer 9

Average mass numbers of all isotopic forms

Question 10

Electron orbitals

Answer 10

Volumes of space surrounding the atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found.

Question 11

Covalent Bonds

Answer 11

Electrons are shared among atoms

Question 12

Polar covalent bond

Answer 12

Unequal sharing

Question 13

Nonpolar covalent bonds

Answer 13

Equal sharing

Question 14

Molecule

Answer 14

A chemical substance that results from the combination of two or more atoms

Question 15

Compounds

Answer 15

Molecules that are combinations of two or more different elements

Question 16

Formula/mass weight

Answer 16

Sum of all the atomic masses of the atoms a molecule contains

Question 17

Chemical bonds

Answer 17

When 2 or more atoms share, donate, or accept electrons to form molecules and compounds.

3types: covalent, ionic, and hydrogen.

Question 18

Ionic bonds

Answer 18

Electrons are transferred to one atom forming positively charged cations and negatively charged anions.

Question 19

Cation

Answer 19

Positively charged atom

Question 20

Anion

Answer 20

Negatively charged atom

Question 21

Reactants

Answer 21

Molecules starting a reaction