Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
Serum hepatitis is which type of hepatitis:
A) Hepatitis E B) Hepatitis C C) Hepatitis B D) Hepatitis A E) Hepatitis D
A
C) Hepatitis B
2
Q
The function of a slime layer or mucoid capsule:
A) replication of DNA
B) transfer of chromosomes to another bacterium
C) the formation of endospores
D) protection against adverse conditions, including drying
A
D) protection against adverse conditions, including drying
3
Q
Rubeola’s more commonly known term:
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia B) Tetanus C) Measles D) Leptospirosis E) Gonorrhea
A
C) Measles
4
Q
Clostridium tetani’s more commonly known term:
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia B) Tetanus C) Measles D) Leptospirosis E) Gonorrhea
A
B) Tetanus
5
Q
Mycoplasma pneumoniae’s more commonly known term:
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia B) Tetanus C) Measles D) Leptospirosis E) Gonorrhea
A
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia
6
Q
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae’s more commonly known term:
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia B) Tetanus C) Measles D) Leptospirosis E) Gonorrhea
A
E) Gonorrhea
7
Q
Leptospira interrogans’s more commonly known term:
A) Primary Atypical Pneumonia B) Tetanus C) Measles D) Leptospirosis E) Gonorrhea
A
D) Leptospirosis
8
Q
Slow onset and long duration
A) Mixed infection
B) Primary infection
C) Chronic infection
D) Secondary infection
A
C) Chronic infection
9
Q
An infection which occurs where another infection is already present
A) Mixed infection
B) Primary infection
C) Chronic infection
D) Secondary infection
A
D) Secondary infection
10
Q
The only active infection present
A) Mixed infection
B) Primary infection
C) Chronic infection
D) Secondary infection
A
B) Primary infection
11
Q
Caused by 2 different organisms
A) Mixed infection
B) Primary infection
C) Chronic infection
D) Secondary infection
A
A) Mixed infection
12
Q
This is formed by certain bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis in adverse conditions. It is extremely durable, and it may last for centuries before germination:
A) spore (endospore)
B) pod
C) zygote
D) capsule
A
A) spore (endospore)
13
Q
The protein that is produced by the body to combat viruses:
A) interferon B) antibody C) vericide D) Capsid E) DNA
A
A) interferon
14
Q
Round bacteria that are organized into chains:
A) streptococci B) coccobacilli C) streptobacilli D) staphylococci E) A and D
A
A) streptococci
15
Q
A microorganism that causes a disease is a:
A) pathogen B) parasite C) facultative parasite D) antibody E) host
A
A) pathogen
16
Q
Mycology is the study of:
A) protozoas B) single celled plants C) fungus D) muscle cells E) none of the above
A
C) fungus
17
Q
The purpose of pili in some bacteria is for:
A) movement
B) cell wall formation
C) reproduction
D) expelling waste
A
C) reproduction
18
Q
Match the scientific term with its more commonly known term. Clostridium botulinum
A) Cold Sores B) German Measles C) Asiatic Cholera D) Smallpox E) Botulism
A
E) Botulism
19
Q
Match the scientific term with its more commonly known term. Vibrio cholerae
A) Cold Sores B) German Measles C) Asiatic Cholera D) Smallpox E) Botulism
A
C) Asiatic Cholera
20
Q
Match the scientific term with its more commonly known term. Rubella
A) Cold Sores B) German Measles C) Asiatic Cholera D) Smallpox E) Botulism
A
B) German Measles
21
Q
Match the scientific term with its more commonly known term. Herpes simplex I
A) Cold Sores B) German Measles C) Asiatic Cholera D) Smallpox E) Botulis
A
A) Cold Sores
22
Q
Match the scientific term with its more commonly known term. Variola
A) Cold Sores B) German Measles C) Asiatic Cholera D) Smallpox E) Botulism
A
D) Smallpox
23
Q
What kind of immunity is given through placental transfer of antibiotics?
A) natural passive acquired
B) natural active acquired
C) artificial active acquired
D) artificial passive acquired
A
A) natural passive acquired
24
Q
The comma-shaped bacterium:
A) coccus B) nibrio C) vibrio D) bacillus E) spirochete
A
C) vibrio
25
The study of the structure and shape and form of an organism is called:
```
A) microbiology
B) rickettsiology
C) morphology
D) mycology
E) bacteriology
```
C) morphology
26
The protein components of invaders that the body recognizes as foreign:
```
A) antibodies
B) antiglobulin
C) antihobgoblinase
D) immune proteins
E) antigens
```
E) antigens
27
Bacteria that occur in pairs are called:
```
A) diplobacilli
B) staphylococci
C) diplococci
D) streptobacilli
E) both A and C
```
E) both A and C
28
The living material that makes up a cell is called:
A) a cell membrane
B) protoplasm
C) nucleus
D) cytoplasm
B) protoplasm
29
Clostridium species require which condition:
A) facultative aerobic
B) facultative anaerobic
C) anaerobic
D) aerobic
C) anaerobic
30
What kind of immunity is given by vaccination?
A) natural passive acquired
B) artificial active acquired
C) artificial passive acquired
D) natural active acquired
B) artificial active acquired
31
Occurs only as an occasional case.
A) Pandemic
B) Virulence
C) Acute infection
D) Sporadic
D) Sporadic
32
Spreads to more than one country.
A) Pandemic
B) Virulence
C) Acute infection
D) Sporadic
A) Pandemic
33
Rapid onset and short course.
A) Pandemic
B) Virulence
C) Acute infection
D) Sporadic
C) Acute infection
34
Strength of the pathogen.
A) Pandemic
B) Virulence
C) Acute infection
D) Sporadic
B) Virulence
35
Bacteria that prefer cold:
```
A) thermophiles
B) psychophiles
C) mesophiles
D) cryophiles
E) B and D
```
E) B and D
36
The simplest animals which are mostly unicellular is:
```
A) all are simple animals
B) ricket
C) mycol
D) virus
E) protozoa
```
E) protozoa
37
Treponema pallidum causes an STD, and is a:
```
A) bacillus
B) fungus
C) vibrio
D) spirochete
E) coccus
```
D) spirochete
38
The smallest unit in which a living organism can survive independently is:
```
A) colony
B) diploid
C) nucleus
D) vacuole
E) cell
```
E) cell
39
An organism that prefers decaying organic matter, but that can survive as a parasite:
```
A) facultative saprophyte
B) facultative parasite
C) parasitic saprophyte
D) obligate parasite
E) saprophitic parasite
```
B) facultative parasite
40
The immunity given by transfer of antibodies from one person to another (Example - Gamma Globulin):
A) artificial passive acquired
B) natural passive acquired
C) artificial active acquired
D) natural active acquired
A) artificial passive acquired
41
In a dead body, clostridium perfringens causes:
```
A) gas gangrene
B) tissue gas
C) spores
D) autotrophic
E) aerobes
```
B) tissue gas
42
The immunity possessed by a person who has had and recovered from a disease:
A) artificial active acquired
B) natural passive acquired
C) natural active acquired
D) artificial passive acquired
C) natural active acquired
43
Mutually advantageous
```
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Symbiosis
D) Synergism
E) Antagonism
```
C) Symbiosis
44
A mutually beneficial but necessary arrangement between bacterium.
```
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Symbiosis
D) Synergism
E) Antagonism
```
B) Mutualism
45
Benefitting of 1 organism without affecting the other.
```
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Symbiosis
D) Synergism
E) Antagonism
```
A) Commensalism
46
The association of certain bacteria species to accomplish harmful or beneficial results.
```
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Symbiosis
D) Synergism
E) Antagonism
```
D) Synergism
47
The presence of certain bacteria inhibiting the growth of others.
```
A) Commensalism
B) Mutualism
C) Symbiosis
D) Synergism
E) Antagonism
```
E) Antagonism
48
Francisella tularensis
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
C) Diptheria
D) Typhoid Fever
E) Anthrax
```
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
49
Rickettsia prowazekii
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
C) Diptheria
D) Typhoid Fever
E) Anthrax
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
50
Corynebacterium diptheria
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
C) Diptheria
D) Typhoid Fever
E) Anthrax
```
C) Diptheria
51
Salmonella Typhi
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
C) Diptheria
D) Typhoid Fever
E) Anthrax
```
D) Typhoid Fever
52
Bacillus anthracis
```
A) Epidemic (Louse Borne) Typhus
B) Tularemia (Rabbit Fever)
C) Diptheria
D) Typhoid Fever
E) Anthrax
```
E) Anthrax
53
A group of microorganisms that are arranged in a cluster resembling a bunch of grapes are called:
A) steptococci
B) staphylococci
C) streptobatilli
D) diplococci
B) staphylococci
54
The most effective method of sterilization is:
```
A) cold
B) boiling
C) steam under pressure
D) moist heat
E) dry heat
```
C) steam under pressure
55
Pathogenic bacteria thrive at which Celcius Degree?
```
A) 37
B) 95
C) 63
D) 75
E) 51
```
A) 37
56
Sir Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered:
```
A) polio
B) hepatitis
C) smallpox
D) penicillin
E) flagella
```
D) penicillin
57
The long, hair-like processes that by their lashing activity cause a microorganism to move:
```
A) cillia
B) spores
C) flagella
D) fungus
E) pili
```
C) flagella
58
Which of the following are microorganisms which produce disease only under especially favorable conditions?
```
A) saprophytes
B) opportunists
C) true pathogens
D) obligate aerobes
E) autotrophs
```
B) opportunists
59
The causative agent of influenza is:
```
A) virus
B) chlamydia
C) rickettsia
D) fungi
E) bacteria
```
A) virus
60
Smallpox is caused by:
```
A) rickettsia
B) virus
C) bacteria
D) protozoa
E) chlamydia
```
B) virus
61
Most sexually transmitted diseases enter the body through the:
A) alimentary track
B) respiratory track
C) skin
D) genitourinary track
D) genitourinary track
62
Lock jaw is the common name for the disease:
```
A) tuberculosis
B) whooping cough
C) rabies
D) tetanus
E) pertussis
```
D) tetanus
63
Salmonella infections are primarily transmitted by:
```
A) direct body contact
B) ingestion
C) inhalation
D) droplet spray
E) insect transmission
```
B) ingestion
64
A virus attacks the respiratory tract:
```
A) neurotrophic
B) pneumotrophic
C) adenotrophic
D) dermatotrophic
E) stomatrophic
```
B) pneumotrophic
65
Which of the following has been attributed to serum hepatitis?
```
A) a cycle involving mites and ice
B) contaminated surfaces
C) dog bite
D) sharing of needles
E) cat scratch fever
```
D) sharing of needles
66
Malaria is caused by a:
```
A) fungus
B) virus
C) protozoa
D) spirochete
E) bacterium
```
C) protozoa
67
The virus that causes chickenpox and shingles:
```
A) Herpes Simplex 1
B) Herpes Simplex 2
C) Cytomegalavirus
D) Varicella zoster
E) Variola
```
D) Varicella zoster
68
Strict (obligate) parasites are organisms that receive their nutrients from:
A) carbon dioxide
B) decaying organic material
C) living animals or plants
D) free oxygen
C) living animals or plants
69
Mechanical body defenses are which of the following:
```
A) cilia
B) intact skin
C) mucous membranes
D) both A and C
E) all of the above
```
E) all of the above
70
This disease is caused by a diplococci:
A) typhoid fever
B) gonorrhea
C) diphtheria
D) tetanus
B) gonorrhea
71
The identification of a comma shaped bacillus under a microscope would signify:
A) salmonella typhi
B) clostridium tetani
C) treponema pallidum
D) vibrio cholerae
D) vibrio cholerae
72
Saliva is responsible for which viral infection?
A) chicken pox
B) rabies
C) mumps
D) rabbit fever
B) rabies
73
Amebic dysentery is caused by a:
```
A) prion
B) protozoan
C) bacterium
D) virus
E) fungus
```
B) protozoan
74
The organism that causes malaria:
```
A) plasmodium malariae
B) coccidioides immitis
C) cryptococcus neoformans
D) cytomegalavirus
E) candida albicans
```
A) plasmodium malariae
75
A glycoprotein substance developed in response to, and interacting specifically with an antigen:
```
A) cell wall matrix
B) interferon
C) lysozyme
D) antigen
E) antibody (immunoglobulin)
```
E) antibody (immunoglobulin)
76
Ticks are the transmitter of which of the following:
```
A) plaque
B) rabies
C) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
D) mumps
E) tularemia
```
C) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
77
Clostridium species are:
```
A) gram positive bacilli
B) gram negative vibrio
C) gram negative spirochetes
D) gram negative cocci
E) gram negative bacilli
```
E) gram negative bacilli
78
Which of the following is correct concerning ultraviolet rays contained in direct sunlight?
A) are only bacteriostatic
B) have no effect on bacteria
C) essential for bacterial growth
D) are bacteriocidal
D) are bacteriocidal
79
An infection caused by organisms which come from outside the body:
```
A) general
B) local
C) endogenous
D) exogenous
E) focal
```
D) exogenous
80
The immunity we are born with is called:
A) passive immunity
B) natural immunity
C) acquired immunity
D) active acquired immunity
B) natural immunity
81
A protein produced by the blood or lymph in response to an antigen is called:
A) antibody
B) innate immunity
C) interferon
D) immunology
A) antibody
82
An enzyme that dissolves or destroys a blood clot:
```
A) coagulase
B) tubaremia
C) fibrinolysin
D) leucocidin
E) hyaluronidase
```
C) fibrinolysin
83
An infection which is caused by organisms which normally reside in the body:
```
A) endogenous
B) focal
C) general
D) local
E) exogenous
```
A) endogenous
84
Which of the following is said to inhibit bacterial growth and reproduction without necessarily destroying the organisms?
```
A) fumigation
B) viricide
C) disinfection
D) sterilization
E) antisepsis
```
E) antisepsis
85
If the portal of entry was the alimentary track, that means the organism has entered the body by way of:
A) breathing
B) sneezing
C) skin abrasion
D) eating
D) eating
86
The study of the capability of an organism to resist and overcome a disease or infection is called:
A) antigenology
B) morphology
C) immunology
D) botany
C) immunology
87
Toxins that are released only when the cell producing them is destroyed or disintegrated are called:
A) endotoxins
B) exotoxins
C) enzymes
D) exoendotoxins
A) endotoxins
88
Yeasts and molds are destroyed by which of the following:
```
A) sterilant
B) fungicide
C) antiseptic
D) disinfectant
E) germicide
```
B) fungicide
89
A germicide is an example of:
A) incineration
B) antiseption
C) disinfection
D) sterilization
C) disinfection
90
Which of the following is a type of decomposition of fats?
```
A) catalysis
B) lipolysis
C) fermentation
D) autolysis
E) hemolysis
```
B) lipolysis
91
Which is an example of a "formite?"
A) housefly
B) mosquito
C) towel
D) green headed fly
C) towel
92
Of the following, which is defined as the invasion of the body by living microorganisms, with subsequent
multiplication and disease production?
```
A) infection
B) contamination
C) infestation
D) attenuation
E) infiltration
```
A) infection
93
The aerobic or capnophilic organism that has killed more people than any other. It's transmitted by droplets, dust feces and milk. The focal point is the lungs:
```
A) mycobacterium avium
B) Yersinia pestis
C) klebsiella pneumonia
D) streptococcus pneumoniae
E) mycobacterium tuberculosis
```
E) mycobacterium tuberculosis
94
Presence of toxins in the blood produces a condition called:
```
A) infection
B) toxemia
C) bacteremia
D) septicemia
E) inflammation
```
B) toxemia
95
The organism that causes Thrush in children and AIDS patients:
```
A) candida albicans
B) plasmodium malariae
C) cryptoccus neoformans
D) coccidiodes immitis
E) cytomegalavirus
```
A) candida albicans
96
Infections that involve the whole body, by way of the lymph system and blood stream are:
```
A) local
B) general
C) focal
D) primary
E) mixed
```
B) general
97
Salmonellosis
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
B) Clostridium perfringes
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Yersinis pestis
E) Treponema pallidium
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
98
The Plague
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
B) Clostridium perfringes
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Yersinis pestis
E) Treponema pallidium
```
D) Yersinis pestis
99
Tissue Gas and Gas Gangrene
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
B) Clostridium perfringes
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Yersinis pestis
E) Treponema pallidium
```
B) Clostridium perfringes
100
Syphilis
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
B) Clostridium perfringes
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Yersinis pestis
E) Treponema pallidium
```
E) Treponema pallidium
101
Scarlet Fever and Rheumatic Fever
```
A) Salmonella enteritidis
B) Clostridium perfringes
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Yersinis pestis
E) Treponema pallidium
```
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
102
An example of a vector would be a:
```
A) virus
B) protozoa
C) insect
D) fungi
E) drinking cup
```
C) insect
103
Molds are classified as:
```
A) fungi
B) protozoa
C) mycoplasmas
D) viruses
E) bacteria
```
A) fungi
104
An organism that prefers oxygen, but that can survive without:
A) facultative aerobe
B) anaerobe
C) facultative anaerobe
D) aerobe
C) facultative anaerobe
105
The branch of biology that deals with the studies of viruses is called:
```
A) mycoplasmasology
B) mycology
C) microbiology
D) bacteriology
E) virology
```
E) virology
106
Bacteria usually reproduce by:
```
A) sporulation
B) binary fission
C) pollination
D) sexual reproduction
E) trinary fission
```
B) binary fission
107
The rigid, polysaccharide structure that encloses bacteria:
```
A) spirochete
B) endopsore
C) cell wall
D) cell membrane
E) cytoplasm
```
C) cell wall
108
The rod-shaped bacterium:
```
A) nibrio
B) bacillus
C) coccus
D) vibrio
E) spirochete
```
B) bacillus
109
Because bacteria lack a membrane-bound nucleus, the _____ is immersed in the _____:
A) chromosome; protein
B) cell; nutrients
C) DNA; cell wall
D) nuclear material; cytoplasm
D) nuclear material; cytoplasm
110
Substance produced by body cells to combat foreign proteins:
```
A) antigens
B) antibiotics
C) vaccines
D) complements
E) antibodies
```
E) antibodies
111
A bacterium that absolutely requires oxygen for survival:
A) obligate anaerobe
B) obligate aerobe
C) facultative aerobe
D) obligate parasite
B) obligate aerobe
112
Which of these would be considered fomites?
```
A) lice
B) mosquitos
C) door knobs
D) ticks
E) a, b and d
```
C) door knobs
113
Which structure contains the material of inheritance?
```
A) cell wall
B) ribosomes
C) capsule
D) nucleic acid
E) cell membrane
```
D) nucleic acid
114
Which of the following can be transmitted by a mosquito?
```
A) tetanus
B) yellow fever
C) mumps
D) rabies
E) diptheria
```
B) yellow fever
115
This disease attacks the lining of the intestinal track:
A) gonorrhea
B) rabbit fever
C) syphilis
D) gastroenteritis
D) gastroenteritis
116
The causative agent of a disease modified in such a manner that it will no longer cause the disease, but will still promote the production of antibodies, is which of the following?
A) vaccine
B) anti-toxin
C) anti-serum
D) antibiotic
A) vaccine
117
One who discharges pathogens in fecal matter is said to be this type of carrier:
```
A) active
B) convalescent
C) housefly
D) passive
E) intestinal
```
E) intestinal
118
Which of the following terms defines a condition in which bacteria are found in the blood, but are not multiplying there?
```
A) saphroemia
B) bacteremia
C) anemia
D) toxemia
E) septicemia
```
B) bacteremia
119
An infection of the blood with actual growth and multiplication of pathogens in the blood:
```
A) bacteremia
B) anemia
C) toxemia
D) viremia
E) septicemia
```
E) septicemia
120
This organism blindness, NGU and NSU:
```
A) Chlamydia psittaci
B) Neisseria gonorrhoea
C) Chlamydia trochomatis
D) Francissela tularensis
E) Clostridium perfringens
```
C) Chlamydia trochomatis
121
Cryptococciosis, which is often mistaken for a brain tumor, is caused by a:
```
A) prion
B) virus
C) protozoa
D) bacterium
E) fungus
```
E) fungus
122
Epidemic Parotitis:
```
A) parrot wing disease
B) mumps
C) parrot fever
D) measles
E) psittacosis
```
B) mumps
123
A prion causes:
```
A) Epstein Barr
B) Epidemia parotitis
C) Hepatitis A
D) Creutzfeldt Jakob
E) Hepatitis B
```
D) Creutzfeldt Jakob
124
Coxiella burnetti causes __________, and is considered a __________:
```
A) rheumatic fever; bacterium
B) coxiosis; mycoplasma
C) measles; virus
D) viriola; virus
E) "Q" Fever; Rickettsia
```
E) "Q" Fever; Rickettsia
125
Infections that are passed on from the mother to the baby through the placenta are called:
A) maternal infection
B) mechanical infection
C) congenital infection
D) droplet infection
C) congenital infection
126
Molds, mushrooms and yeasts are:
```
A) Rickettsia
B) bacteria
C) fungi
D) chlamydia
E) none of the above
```
C) fungi
127
Physical contact would be considered:
A) indirect contact
B) congenital contact
C) droplet
D) direct contact
D) direct contact
128
The destruction of all microorganisms and their products is:
```
A) antisepsis
B) sterilization
C) fumigation
D) disinfection
E) viricide
```
B) sterilization
129
An agent which liberates gases or fumes for the specific purpose of the destruction of insects and microorganisms:
```
A) disinfectant
B) sterilant
C) fumigant
D) vericide
E) germicide
```
C) fumigant
130
Coughing, talking, sneezing are what types of transmission?
A) water contact
B) vector contact
C) droplet infection
D) direct contact
C) droplet infection
131
One who harbors and disseminates pathogens without having had the disease is this type of
carrier:
```
A) active
B) intestinal
C) housefly
D) passive
E) convalescent
```
D) passive
132
The organism that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever:
```
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B) Rickettsia typhi
C) Rickettsia rickettsii
D) Rickettsia prowazekii
E) Entamoeba histolytica
```
C) Rickettsia rickettsii
133
A mode of direct disease transmission is:
```
A) contaminated formites
B) mechanical vectors
C) biological vectors
D) droplet spray
E) all of the above
```
D) droplet spray
