Microbiology Flashcards
What is a coliform?
What antibiotic used to treat?
Gram negative cocci usually aerobic and rod shaped
Gentamicin
What does the gram staining test for? What is the colour change for gram positive and negative?
Tests for the thickness of the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall
Gram positive is purple
Gram negative is pink
What is a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
Prokaryote; single celled, with nucleoid (contains the DNA small, protein synthesis targeted for antibiotics
Eukaryote; nucleus contained, large, use gram staining
What class of microbe are haemolysis a test for?
Streptococcus
Define virulence
The likelyhood of an organism to cause disease
What does serology involve?
Testing for antigen and antibody specificity
What type of microbe are endotoxins produced from ?
Gram negative bacteria
What can the release of endotoxins cause?
Systemic inflammatory response in body by binding to Tcells and macroophages causing release of cytokines
What can streptococcus cause?
Producing what kind of haemolysis
Pneumonia, strep viridans (endocarditis) - alpha
Group A/B (meningitis)- beta
Enterococus (GI infections )- non-haemolytic
What can enterococcus cause?
Producing what kind of haemolysis
Gram positive or negative?
Enteric infection (GI) diarrhoea and vomiting
Non-haemolytic
Gram positive
What kind of organism produces a)endotoxins b) exotoxins
A) eNdotoxins; gram negative bacteria
B) exotoxins; gram positive bacteria
What can clostridium difficile cause
Produce exotoxins causing damage to the gut mucosa so diarrhoea
What can s. Aureus cause
MRSA common in elderly
S. Epidermis can cause
Catheter caused
Inflammation
Outline how viruses infect host cells
Attaches to cell, enters cell, releases nucleic acid wrapped in a coat, this coat is degraded by a viral ion pump, viralRNA replicated using host resources, viral rna packaged back into coats and expelled into body by either budding or exocytosis
