Microbiology

Question 1

Microbiology

Answer 1

Study of microorganisms

Question 2

Contamination

Answer 2

State of being soiled or infected by contact with infectious organisms or other materials.

Question 3

Micron

Answer 3

Unit of measurement; 1/1000 millimeter or 1/25,000 of an inch. Usually designated by Greek letter u.

Question 4

Protoplasm

Answer 4

Thick mucous-like substance that is colorless and translucent that forms the biochemical basis of life found within the cell nucleus.

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

Living matter of a cell between the cells membrane and nucleus.

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity.

Question 7

Phagotization

Answer 7

Process by which some of the cells can ingest bacteria or other foreign particles.

Question 8

DNA

Answer 8

Deoxyribonucleic Acid. The protein found in the chromosomes of a cell nucleus which is the basis of heredity.

Question 9

Spore

Answer 9

Microorganisms capable of forming a thick wall around themselves enabling them to survive in adverse conditions. Resistant form of bacterium.

Question 10

Chlorophyll

Answer 10

A molecule in plants that absorbs sunlight, and converts it to energy in the process called photosynthesis.

Question 11

Aerobic bacteria

Answer 11

Capable of growing in the presence of free oxygen. Requiring oxygen.

Question 12

Anaerobic bacteria

Answer 12

Capable of growing in the absence of free oxygen. Not requiring oxygen.

Question 13

Psychrophiles (bacteria)

Answer 13

Cold-loving bacteria whose optimum temperature for growth is 59F-68F or below.

Question 14

Mesophiles (bacteria)

Answer 14

Bacteria that grow best at moderate temperatures. 68F-113F

Question 15

Thermophiles (bacteria)

Answer 15

Bacteria which grow best at temperature of 112F-158F

Question 16

Vegetative state

Answer 16

State of active growth of microorganisms (as opposed to the resting or spore stages)

Question 17

Angstrom

Answer 17

Unite that measure visible light

Question 18

Binary fission

Answer 18

Typical method of bacterial reproduction in which a cell divides into two equal parts.

Question 19

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Answer 19

Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria that have developed resistance to Methicillin, the drug of choice. Usually occurs with patients who have been on antibiotic therapy for a long time.

Question 20

Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)

Answer 20

Enterococcus bacteria that are no longer sensitive to vancomycin. Transmission can occurs either via direct contact or indirectly via hands of personnel.

Question 21

Virus

Answer 21

One of a group of minute infectious agents that grow only in living tissues or cells.

Question 22

Host

Answer 22

The animal, plant, or human that supports the growth of microorganisms.

Question 23

Protozoan

Answer 23

Any one-celled animal-like microorganism of a sub-kingdom Protozoa.

Question 24

Amnoeboid movement

Answer 24

Crawling movement of cells brought about by the cell successively becoming longer and then retracting.

Question 25

Causative agent (chain of infection)

Answer 25

Microorganism that causes an infectious disease.

Question 26

Reservoir of agent (chain of infection)

Answer 26

Place where an infectious agent/microorganism can survive

Question 27

Carrier

Answer 27

Individual who harbors and disseminates specific pathogenic microorganisms without manifesting any clinical symptoms, and who serves as an intermediary in the transfer of diseases to a susceptible person

Question 28

Portal of exit (chain of infection)

Answer 28

Path by which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir.

Question 29

Mode of transportation

Answer 29

(chain of infection)

Method of transfer of an agent from the reservoir to a susceptible host

Question 30

Portal of entry (chain of infection)

Answer 30

Path used by an infectious agent to enter a susceptible host

Question 31

Susceptible host (chain of infection)

Answer 31

A person or animal that lacks the ability to resist infection by an infectious agent.