Microbiology Flashcards
What are the outer layers of bacteria?
Plasma membrane, cell wall, capsule, pilli, flagella, and spores.
What is the plasma membrane?
Structural support, selective permeability, contains enzymes, metabolic energy.
What is the cell wall?
made of peptidoglycan (a protein and carbohydrate weave) this part is what retains the gram stain.
What is encapsulated bacteria?
certain bacteria species produce a gelatin like substance around the cell wall. encapsulated bacteria make the colonies appear shiny. Capsule makes the bacteria more resistant to antibiotics. capsules increase virulence of bacteria. Causes it to be “slippery” so it wont be caught by WBC. Causes it to be “sticky” so it CAN adhere to tissue.
What is flagella?
made of a tin protein. attaches to the plasma membrane. provides motility.
What is pilli?
hair like protein structures. help bacteria attach to host.
What are spores?
resistant structure in a dormant condition that enables bacteria to survive for longer periods. Hard to kill. seen on ROD shaped bacteria.
What does bacteriostatic mean??
stops a bacteria from reproducing or dividing.
What does bactericidal mean??
kills bacteria.
What does confluent growth mean??
growing without isolation.
What does pure culture mean??
One baccteria species growing.
What does susceptibility mean??
the antimicrobial can be effective.
What does resistance mean???
The bacteria is not susceptible to the antimicrobial.
What is the differeance between bacteria and viruses?
Bacteria can grow on artificial media. (blood agar). They have more cellular components to metabolize than viruses. Bacteria increase in size by binary fussion. Bacteria Does respond to antibiotics.
Viruses need LIVE media and do not respond to antibiotics.
What does aerobes mean?
Requires oxygen to grow!
