Microbiology 5: Parasitic infections

Question 1

What are the 2 broad subtypes of endoparasites?

Answer 1

Protozoa

Metozoa

Question 2

What are the 4 subtypes of protozoa? Recall the mnemonic

Answer 2

Amoeba
Coccidiae
Ciliates
Flagellates
A Cell Causing Fever

Question 3

What is an endoparasite?

Answer 3

Single-celled eukaryote

Question 4

Recall which endoparasites will produce an eosinophilia

Answer 4

No eosinophilia from protozoa

Metozoa can produce an eosinophilia when they enter the bloodstream

Question 5

Recall the 3 most common causes of death by parasitic infection worldwide

Answer 5

Schistomiasis
Malaria
Amoeba

Question 6

What % of amoeba infections actually cause disease?

Answer 6

10%

Question 7

Describe the disease state produced by amoeba infection

Answer 7

Dysentry

Liver abcsess

Question 8

Recall the potential resevoirs for amoebae and the method of transmission

Answer 8

Only human

Via contaminated food/ water

Question 9

Recall 3 examples of coccidia, and the mnemonic by which to remember them

Answer 9

“Coccidia protozoan types”
Cryptosporidium
Plasmodium
Toxoplasma

Question 10

What sort of mosquitoes are capable of being a vector for plasmodium?

Answer 10

Female anopheles mosquitoes

Question 11

What sort of pathogen is plasmodium?

Answer 11

Coccidia protozoan

Question 12

Recall the stages of malarial disease in humans

Answer 12

1. Blood stage

2. Liver stage

Question 13

Recall the 3 main symptoms of malaria

Answer 13

Fever
Anaemia
Cerebral oedema

Question 14

What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria

Answer 14

Chloroquine

Question 15

What sort of disease is caused by cryptocporidium?

Answer 15

Diarrhoeal

Question 16

What sort of disease is caused by ciliates?

Answer 16

Diarrhoea and dysentry

Question 17

Recall 3 examples of flagellates and mnemonic to remember them

Answer 17

Tails Give Locomotion
Trichomonas
Giardia
Leishmania

Question 18

What sort of disease is caused by giardia?

Answer 18

Diarrhoea

Question 19

What is the most common non-viral STD?

Answer 19

Trichomonas

Question 20

Recall the 2 forms of leishmania protozoan and how to differentiate them

Answer 20

Promastigote = form transmitted by sandfly
Amastigote = form that is intracellular in host

Question 21

Name 3 forms of disease caused by Leishmania

Answer 21

Visceral leishmaniasis
Cutaneous leishmaniasis
Post kala-azar leishmaniasis

Question 22

What sort of parasite is Leishmania?

Answer 22

Flagellate endoparasite

Question 23

What is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and what are its symptoms?

Answer 23

Visceral - fever, hepatosplenomegaly, anaemia

Question 24

Recall the different forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis

Answer 24

Localised, diffused, mucocutaneous

Question 25

Recall 3 examples of metozoa and 2 names given to each of these

Answer 25

Flatworms - cestodes
Roundworm - nemotodes
Fluke - Trematodes

Question 26

What is the most common parasitic infection worldwide?

Answer 26

Aschariasis

Question 27

Which sort of Helminth may cause an IDA?

Answer 27

Hookworm

Question 28

Which type of parasite causes elephantiasis?

Answer 28

Lymphatic filiariasis

Question 29

What is the most common form of flatworm?

Answer 29

Taenia (tapeworm)

Question 30

Which metozoan is capable of crossing the BBB and what is the result of this?

Answer 30

Taenia

Can cause epilepsy

Question 31

What is the most common form of fluke?

Answer 31

Schistoma (causing schistoiasis)

Question 32

What is the 1st line treatment for cestodes and tremotodes?

Answer 32

Praziquantel

Question 33

Name 3 forms of ectoparasite

Answer 33

Sarcoptes scabei
Pediculus humanus
Pthirus pubis