Microbiology Flashcards
What is the treatment for Actinomyces?
Usual clinical presentation?
Treatment: Penicillin
Clinical presentation: Oral/facial abscesses that drain through sinus tracts and form yellow ‘sulfur granules’.
Other: Gram positive, anaerobe.
What is the treatment for Nocardia?
What is its usual clinical presentation?
Treatment: Sulfa drugs
Clinical presentation: pulmonary infections in immunocompromised, cutaneous infection after trauma in immunocompetent.
Other: Gram positive, weakly acid fast, aerobe.
What is the prophylactic treatment for M.avium?
Azithromycin
What is the role of cord factor in virulent strains of TB?
Cord factor in virulent strains inhibits macrophage maturation and induces the release of TNF-alpha.
Sulfatides (surface glycolipid) inhibit phagolysosomal fusion.
How is the diffuse form of leprosy (acid fast mycobacterium) that is associated with lion facies controlled by the immune system?
The tuberculoid form that is limited to a few hypoesthetic plaques?
Lepromatous form: By a largely humoral Th2 response with low cell-mediated immunity.
Treatment: Dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine for 2-5 years
————
Tuberculoid form: Th1 response. High cell-mediated. Treatment: dapsone, rifampin for 6 months.
