Microbiology Flashcards
Chapter 20
Abrasion
a wound in which the outer layers of the skin are damaged; a scrape
Abscess
A collection of pus in a cavity surrounded by inflamed tissue.
Absorbable suture
Suture material that is gradually digested and absorbed by the body.
Approximation
The process of bringing two parts, such as tissue, together through the use of sutures or other means.
Bandage
A strip of woven material used to wrap or cover a part of the body.
Biopsy
The surgical removal and examination of tissue from the living body. Biopsies are typically performed to determine whether a tumor is benign or malignant.
Capillary action
The action that causes liquid to rise along a wick, a tube, or a gauze dressing.
Colposcope
A lightened instrument with a binocular magnifying lens used to examine the vagina and cervix.
Colposcopy
The visual examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope.
Contaminated
As it relates to sterile technique, to cause a sterile object or surface to become unsterile.
Contusion
An injury to the tissues under the skin that causes blood vessels to rupture, allowing blood to seep into the tissues; bruise.
Cryosurgery
The therapeutic use of freezing temperatures to destroy abnormal tissue.
Exudate
A discharge produced by the body’s tissues.
Fibroblast
An immature cell from which connective tissue can develop.
Forceps
A two-pronged instrument for grasping and squeezing.
Furuncle
A localized staphylococcal infection that originates deep within a hair follicle. Also known as a boil.
Hemostasis
The arrest of bleeding by natural or artificial means.
Incision
A clean cut caused by a cutting instrument.
Infection
The condition in which the body, or part of it, is invaded by a pathogen.
Infiltration
The process by which a substance passes into and is deposited within the substance of a cell, tissue, or organ.
Inflammation
A protective response of the body to trauma and the entrance of foreign matter. The purpose of inflammation is to destroy invading microorganisms and to remove damaged tissue debris from the area so that proper healing can occur.
Laceration
A wound in which the tissues are torn apart, leaving ragged and irregular edges.
Ligate
To tie off and close a structure such as a severed blood vessel.
Local anesthetic
A drug that produces a loss of feeling and an inability to perceive pain in only a specific part of the body.
Mayo tray
A broad, flat metal tray placed on a stand and used to hold sterile instruments and supplies when it has been covered with a sterile towel.
Needle biopsy
A type of biopsy in which tissue from deep within the body is obtained by the insertion of a biopsy needle through the skin.
Nonabsorbable suture
Suture material that is not absorbed by the body and either remains permanently in the body tissue and becomes encapsulated by fibrous tissue or it is removed.
Postoperative
after a surgical operation.
Preoperative
before a surgical operation.
Puncture
a wound made by a sharp-pointed object piercing the skin.
Scalpel
a surgical knife used to divide tissues.
Scissors
a cutting instrument.
Sebaceous cyst
a thin, closed sac or capsule that contains fatty secretions from a sebaceous gland.
Serum
The clear, straw-colored part of the blood that remains after the solid elements have been separated out of it.
Sterile
Free of all living organisms and bacterial spores.
Surgery
The branch of medicine that deals with operative and manual procedures for correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and treatment of certain diseases.
Surgical asepsis
Practices that keep objects and areas sterile or free from microorganisms.
Sutures
Material used to approximate tissues with surgical stitches.
Swaged needle
a needle with suturing material permanently attached to its end.
Wound
a break in the continuity of an external or internal surface caused by physical mens.
Characteristics of a minor surgical procedure
- Performed in a medical office setting (clinic/physician’s office)
- Usually performed under an hour
- Requires a local, topical, or no anesthetic
- Can be performed safely with a minimum of discomfort to the pt
- Don’t pose a major risk to life or the function of an organ or body part (under normal circumstances)
