Microbiology Flashcards
Name 2 types of gram positive cocci
-Chains (strep)
-Clusters (staph)
How can we classify strep (3)
-a haemolytic ()
-b haemolytic ()
-non haemolytic ()
Name 2 common a-haemolytic organisms +examples
-Strep pneumoniae (pneumonia)
-Strep “viridans” (commensals) (endocarditis)
Name 3 common groups of b-haemolytic organisms
-Group A Strep
-Group B Step
-Group C, G, etc….
Group A Strep infects…
Throat + Skin infection
Example of Group B Strep
Neonatal meningitis
Name common non-haemolytic organism
Enterococcus sp.
Example of enterococcus sp. organism/infections
-Gut commensal
-UTI
How can we classify staph
-Coagulase positive
-Coagulase negative
Name a common coagulase positive organism
Staph. Aureus
Staph. Aureus infects…
Wounds + Skin infections
Name a coagulase negative organism
Staph. Epidermis
What occurs in alpha haemolysis?What colour is seen?
Partial lysis of red blood cells –> green discolouration
What occurs in beta haemolysis?What colour is seen?
Complete lysis of red blood cells –> colourless
What occurs in gamma (non) haemolysis?What colour is seen?
No lysis of red blood cells –> no change
What are the differences between coagulase positive vs negative staph test?
-In the coagulase positive test, the enzyme coagulase is produced and forms a visible clot or gel-like substance
-In a coagulase negative test, no clot will be formed
What is clindamycin used for?
Gram negatives
What is metronidazole used for?
Anaerobes
What is amoxycillin used for?
Streptococci
E.coli, Klebsiella
What is flucloxacillin used for?
Staphylococcus Aureus
What is trimethoprim used for?
E.coli, Klebsiella
What is doxycycline used for?
Streptococcus pyogenes
What is vancomycin used for?
Staphylococcus epidermidi
What infections are common in MSK?
-Bone infections
-Joint and synovial infections
-Muscle infections
