Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
most common undercooked food
A
Taenia Solium
2
Q
drug induced causes: Pseudomembranous Colitis
A
C.Difficile
3
Q
produces Lecithenase that causes Gas Gangrene
A
C.Perfringens
4
Q
causes Diptheria & Pseudomembranous pharyngitis
A
C. Diptheria ( Klebs- Loffler bacillus)
5
Q
grape-like normal microbiota skin . causes infection form of abscess with golden yellow pigmentation
A
Staph. Aureus
6
Q
inhibit complement fixation
A
Protein A.
7
Q
clots the blood around the infection site
A
Coagulase
8
Q
converts plasminogen to plasmin
A
Staphylokinase (Fibrinolysin)
9
Q
spreading fx
A
Hyaluronidase
10
Q
most severe pneumonia
A
Legionnaire’s disease
11
Q
most numerous in plaque formarion & hard tissuee
most common microorganisms that causes endocarditis
A
Strep. Viridans
12
Q
initiates plaque formation
A
Strep. Sanguis
13
Q
most common of all beta strep
A
Group A. strep, pyogenes
14
Q
causes neonatal pneumonia
A
Strep, Agalactiae
15
Q
only group with No hemolysis
A
Gamma Strep
16
Q
facultative anaerobic that causes infection in failed RCT
A
Entero Faecalis
17
Q
longest chain normally found on the soft tissue of the oral cavity. 1st microbiota appeared in the oral cavity after birth
A
Strep. Salivarius
18
Q
normally found on the cheek area it is bile insoluble
A
Strep. Mitis
19
Q
gm (+) endotoxin like
A
Listeria
20
Q
acid-fast found in the healthy gingiva
A
Nocardia
21
Q
coagulative necrosis
A
Zenker Hyaline Degeneration
22
Q
bubonic plaque
A
Yersinia Pestis
23
Q
non-motile polysaccharide capsule
A
Klebsiella
24
Q
Lactose fermenters
A
Enterobacter
Escherichia
Klebsiella
25
Lactose fermenters cultured by
McConkey Agar
26
most common infection found in the hospitals
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
27
common in Hospitals
1. E.coli
2. Strep. Pneumonia
3. Staph. Aureus
28
aerobic & non motile
Neiserria
29
cause young adult meningitis, septic arthritis, & waterhouse friderichsen (adrenal gland failure)
N. Meningitides
30
venereal disease
opthalmia neonatorum
Tx. Doxycylcine
N. Gonorrhea
31
norma microbiota in throat
N. Catarrhalis
32
affects children, epiglottis causes sinusitis , otitis media & upper respiratory tract infection. Cultured with chocolate agar
Haemophilus Influenzae
33
normal microbiota in GIT
B. Fragillis
34
aerobic causes whooping cough
Bordetella Pertussis
35
normal microbiota in stomach causes peptic ulcer & gastric ulcer
Helicobacter Pylori
36
1. what organ is affected in peptic ulcer & Gastric ulcer
2. Most common complication of peptic/ gastric ulcer
3. Major complications of peptic / gastric ulcer
4. Complication of chronic peptic ulcer
5. Complication of chronic gastric ulcer
1. Stomach
2. bleeding
3. Stenosis & Fibrous
4. Iron deficiency anemia
5. Pernicious Anemia (Vit.b12)
37
obligate parasites that contain DNA & RNA within their nucleus
Chlamydia & Rickettsia
38
infects columnar cells that cause venereal disease
Chlamydia
39
causes conjunctivitis & lower genito urinary tract infection
C. Trachoma
40
causes epizootic infection that leads to atypical pneumonia
C. Psittaci
41
infects epithelial cells
Rickettsia
42
rocky mountain spotted fever through tick bite
R. Rickettsii
43
cause epidemic typhus through lice
R. Prwazerkii
44
fleas
R. typhi
45
scrub typhus through mites
R. Tsutsugamushi
46
rickettsial infection but it has no anthropoid involved.
| Transmission results from inhalation of dust & soil
Q fever
47
are free living anaerobic microorganisms that contain neither exotoxins & endotoxins
Spirochetes
48
observed under darkfield microscope
| not readily stain by common bacterial stain
Treponema
49
Test for syphilis
FTA
| VDRL
50
causes Bejel
T. Pallidum endemicum
51
causes pinta
T. Pallidum Carateum
52
causes yaws
T. Pallidum pertenue
53
tick bite Causes lyme disease
Borrelia Burgdorferi
54
MENINGITIS
1. Neonatal
2. Infants to children
3. young adult
4. Old adult
1. e coli
2. H. influenzae
3. N. meningitides
4. S. pneumonia
55
PIGMENTS
1. Yellow sulfur
2. Golden yellow
3. Blue green
4. Red
1. A. israelli
2. S. aureus
3. P. aeruginosa
4. Serratia Marcescens
56
major components of virus
RNA/DNA
Capsid
Nuclear envelope
57
DNA Virus
HHAPPPI
58
causes Hep. B most difficult to eradicate contain reverse transcriptase (HIv)
Hepadna virus
59
Lipschutz sign
| initial lesion of herpes infection is subclinical
Herpes viridae
60
primary herpetic gingivostomatitis which is common in child . it can cause SCC
HSV 1
61
genitals female
| infants during birth causing herpes conjunctivitis
HSV2
62
roseola / 3 day fever
HSV -6
63
cause kaposi sarcoma commonly affect the palate
| the early lesion of appears Red nodule
Kaposis Sarcoma HHV- 6
64
3 types of kaposi sarcoma
1. Classic
2. African
3. Immunodeficient type
65
is a rare type multifocal reddish brown. skin lower extremities
prognosis is Good
Classic
66
endemic blacks
African type
67
seen in with AIDs with oral & lymph nodes lesion are common. Prognosis is Poor
Immunodeficient type
68
causes burkitt lymphoma, indectiousnmononucleosis, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
EBV
69
Features of Infectious mononucleosis
1. Splenomegaly
2. Necrotizing pharyngitis
3. Increased heterophile titer
4. Increased number of lymphocytes
70
causes Hepatosplenomegaly
Cytomegalovirus
71
causes pharyngitis, respiratory illness & conjunctivitis
Adenovirus
72
smallest DNA virus
Parvoviridae
73
affect only animals & birds
Parvovirus
74
affects the Human
Erythrovirus
75
causes warts , cervical cancer & SCC
Human Papilloma Virus
76
largest & most complex virus
Poxvirus
77
spread via Respiratory tract. Guarneri bodies
| Incubation period
smallpox
| 10-14 days
78
spreads via Skin contact
Molluscum Contagiosum
79
member of otprthomyxovirus causes Flu
contains Hemaglutinin & Neuraminidase
ability to change its strain
Infulenza virus
80
rubeola- exanthem / skin eruption
| kopliks spot buccal mucosa
Measeles
81
histologic cell in measles
Warthin finkeldeg cells
82
causes mumps
| complication - orchitis
Mumps rubula virus
83
causes lower respiratory tract infection lime bronchitis & pneumonia in infants
RSV
84
causes Upper respiratory infection loke croup
Parainfluenzae virus
85
member of togaviridae
Myxovirus
86
causes German Measles/ 3 days measles
usually 1st trimester
Sign,:
Rubella
| Forcheimer's spot
87
Congenital triad of rubella virus
1. Sensoneural- Deafness
2. Eye abnormality- Retinopathy
3. Cardiac - Pulmonary artery stenosis
88
spread via oral- fecal route
Enterovirus
89
causes poliomyelitis. Most serious disease
| Incubation:
Poliovirus
| 7-14 days
90
common in children
Coxsackie serotype A
91
appears blisters & ulcerations that affect soft palate & oropharynx
Herpangina (Vesicular Pharyngitis)
92
causes pleurodynia, myocarditis & pericarditis
Coxsackie serotype B
93
Aseptic meningitis
```
ECHO
Enteric
Cytopathic
Human
Orphan
```
94
common colds & only virus that causes sore throat
Rhinovirus
95
least severe hepatitis
Hep. A (Infectious Hepatitis)
96
member of Reovirus that causes Gastroenteritis in children
Rotavirus
97
causes Rabies that affects Substancia Nigra
Cell
Incubation period
Rhabdovirus
Negri bodies
3-8 wks
98
member of Retroviridae
HIV
99
Enzymes of HIV
1. Reverse transcritase
2. Protease
3. Integrase
4. Glycoprotein 120
100
Laboratory tesr HIV
1. CD4 Count
2. ELISA
3. Western blot
101
used to detect HIV antibodies
ELISA
102
```
if elisa (+)
if elisa (-)
```
western blot
| need to do Elisa again after 1-3 mos.
103
most accurate & used to detect HIV protein
Western Blot
104
most common caused by Pneumocystis carinii
Pneumonia
105
highest occurence rate of cancer
Kaposi Sarcoma
106
momosquito borne that infects liver
Yellow virus
107
mosquito borne affect the platelets
Dengue
108
only hepatitis has no vaccine
Hepatitis C
109
culturing medium of fungi
Sabourauds Phenomenon
110
causes San Joaquin Valley Fever
Coccidiomycosis
111
affects reticulo- endothelial cells
via soil & dust
mimics TB microscopically & clinically
Histoplasmosis- most common systemic fungal infection
112
caused by B. dermatitidis that produces granulomatous ulcers in the oral cavity
Blastomycosis
113
causes Hemorrhagic infarction
Mucormycosis
114
spreads through blood that causes Meningitis
Cryptococcus
115
mostly found in rotten vegetables with underlying illnesses such as TB & COPD
Aspergillus
116
due to prolong exposure of penicillin drugs
Acute Candidiasis
117
due to denture stomatitis
Chronics
118
intimate association with 2 organisms
Symbiosis
119
one organism lives in or ona second organis, called the Host
Parasitism
120
one organism benefit & other benefit nos is harmed
Commensalism
121
both organisms benefit from the relationship
Mutualism
122
arried by anopheles mosquito
Plasmodium
123
most common cause of malaria
P. Malariae
124
w/ schuffner's dots , a parasite protein found in RBC
P. Vivax
125
most severe w/ Maurer's spots
P. Falciparum
126
Tx. for Plasmodium
Quinolones & Antimalarial Drug
127
Quinolones
contraindicated children
Adverse effect
Inhibits cartilaginous growth
128
causes intestinal dysentery thatnaffects the small intestine
| fatal the liver
Entoameba Histolytica
129
Tx of Entoamoeba histolytica
Metronidazole
130
cause Giardiasis / diarrhea
Cryptosprodium parvum
131
for TB
BCG- Bacillus Calmette Guerin
132
should be given to newborn 48hrs after birth
Hepa Vaccine
133
killing all microorganisms
Sterilization
134
eliminating orreducing harmful microorganisms from inanimate objects
Disinfection
135
coagulation of proteins
Dry Heat
136
Dry heat
160* - 2hrs
| 171*c - 1 hr
137
denature protein
Moist heat
138
wrapped
| unwrapped
```
121*C = 15psi for 15mins
134*C= 30 psi for 3mins.
```
139
alkylating agents that denatures nucleic acid & protein
Ethylene oxide
| 2% Glutaldehyde
140
ethylene oxide
1-12 hrs
141
2% glutaldehyde
10-12hrs
142
process of eliminating or reducing harnful microorganisms from living tissues
Asepsis / antiseptic
143
disruption of cell membrane
Tinture of iodine
144
dissolution of lipids on cell membrane
denature proteins
most common antiseptic & disinfectant
Alcohol
145
denatures & precipitates proteins
Formaldehyde
146
cationic detergent that disrupt the cell membrane
| they are inactivated by anionic compound
Quarternary ammonium chloride
| benzalkonium chloride
147
anionic compound physically remove microbes
inactivated by cationic compounds
they target the cell membrane
Soap & detergents
148
most efficient method in the field of dentistry
Moist heat
149
common method i cold sterilization
2% Glutaraldehyde
150
most common antiseptic & disinfectant
Isopropyl alcohol
151
used to sterilize large instruments & objects
Gamma Rays
152
used to sterilize hospital rooms
Ultraviolet radiation
153
Teratogenic Dse.
1. Cytomegalovirus
2. Rubella
3. Toxoplasmosis
4. Herpes simplex infection
154
Mosquito- Borne Dse
1. Dengue fever
2. Malaria
3. Japanese encephalitis
4. Yellow fever
5. Filariasis (elephantiasis)
6. St. Louis encephalitis
155
Infection thru soil & dust
1. tetanus
2. Histoplasmosis
3. Legionnaires dse
4. Q fever
156
Nosocomial infection
1. Staphyloccus
2. Streptococcus
3. E. coli
4. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
