Microbiology 11: Zoonoses Flashcards
Which 2 organisms are transmitted from UK farm/wild animals e.g chickens, cows ?
Campylobacter
Salmonella
Which bacteria is commonly transmitted from poorly BBQd poultry ?
Campylobacter
Which 4 organisms are transmitted from companion animals in the UK ?
Bartonella (kittens)
Toxoplasmosis
Ringworm
Psittacosis (parrot fever)
What is the treatment of a campylobacter infection ?
Supportive treatment- lots of water, paracetamol etc
Avoid contact with others and make sure regular hand washing
Which disease is caused by bartonella infection in an immunocompetent patient ?
Cat scratch disease
The disease is transmitted from the cat into the persons mouth causing a Macule which may start to ouse. This can then cause regional adenopathy and even systemic systems such as fever, weight loss and night sweats.
What disease is caused by bartonella in an immune-compromised patient?
Bacillary angiomatosis
You get skin Papules, Hepatitis and multi organ/vasculature involvement
Can be fatal especially in HIV patients.
Which disease transmitted from cats can cause foetal abnormalities in pregnant women ?
Toxoplasmosis
Can cause still birth, progressive visual loss, motor and cognitive function loss
Which signs can toxoplasmosis cause in immunocompromised people ?
Neuropathy
Seizures
A goat farmer from India presents with a month long history of fever, lethargy, loss of appetite, weight loss and sweating. On examination you notice he has one enlarged testicle. He admits to drinking unpasteurised milk from his goats.
Which organism is the likely cause of his infection ?
Brucella (he has brucellosis)
Presents almost exactly like extra pulmonary TB
This disease is transmitted from aerosolisation and inhalation of cattle excrement especially goats. There was an outbreak in Dutch goat farms. It presents with high fever, flu like symptoms and can cause hepatitis and endocarditis.
What is this disease ?
Q-fever
What is the management of a patient that was bitten by a rabid looking dog in Thailand?
Post exposure vaccination
AND
Immunoglobulin
A patient has been bitten by a rat and presents with fever, polyarthalgia and a purpurin rash.
What is the most likely diagnosis ?
Rat bite fever
A patient from the US has been bitten by a rat and presents with signs of ARDS and also has fever and myalgia.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
The same type of virus found in SE Asia causes bleeding and renal failure instead of pulmonary failure.
This disease is transmitted by rats bats and ticks. It presents with fever, myalgia, flu-like symptoms and bleeding. This can be caused by Ebola…
What is the most likely disease ?
Viral haemorrhaging fever
A 35 year old patient presents with abdominal cramps and diarrhoea after a BBQ what is the most likely source?
A) Beef B) Pork C) chicken D) unpasteurised cheese E) playing with a tortoise
C - chicken
This is most likely to be a case of campylobacter
A 35 year old patient presents with fever after a bat bite. What potential infection is the most concerning?
A) Spirillum minus B) hanta virus C) lassa virus D) rabies virus E) Streptobacillus moniliformis
D - Rabies virus (causes by Lyssa virus)
Patient died of encephalitis. Histology shows neural cells with Negri bodies. This finding is pathognomonic for ………..
Rabies!
Negri bodies are ribosomal inclusion bodies that make the cells look eosinophilic.
Which organism causes Plague ?
Yersinia pestis
Found in rats and transmitted by fleas.
Your mate kev is kayaking in the thames when a small wave causes him to capsize. He sees a sewer dog looking at him whilst it pees into the water. After paddling home safely Kev develops a very high fever 2 weeks later. He has bright red eyes muscle and joint pains and has started to turn yellow.
Most likely diagnosis ?
Leptospirosis.
Transmitted in cat and dog urine. Often acquired by swimming in infected water with cuts.
A wool sorter presents to the GP practice with painless round black sessions on their arms. On examination they have massive lymphadenopathy and signs of respiratory failure.
Most likely diagnosis ?
Anthrax
bacillus anthracis
Grace went hiking to a waterfall in Sri Lanka. She notices blood dripping from her leg which didn’t stop for a long time. A week later she develops a rash that looks like a “Bulls eye”. Months later she then starts acting strangely and has a facial palsy.
Most likely diagnosis?
Lyme’s disease
Early stage with Erythema chronic Migrans (bullseye rash), lymphadenopathy, Arthritis, carditis.
Later stage: Focal neurological signs- Bells palsy
What is the gold standard test for diagnosis of Leptospirosis ?
The microscopic agglutination test
What the the 3 types of Leishmani infection ?
- Visceral (kala azar)
- Cutaneous
- Mucocutaneous
Which of the 3 types of Leishmania Infections causes hyperpigmentation, fever, lymphadenopathy, warty skin and hepatosplenomegally?
-Visceral leishmania (Kala Azar)
Which of the 3 types of Leishmania infections causes: an itchy scaly rash where the sandfly bite was, which turns into an Ulcer? After the lesion heals it leaves a depigmented scar.
-Cutaneous Leishmania
Which of the 3 types of Leishmania infections causes late presenting disfiguring ulcers on the mucous membranes ?
-Mucocutaneous Leishmania
Which organism causes Mucocutaneous Leishmania ?
- L.Braziliensis
Which vector transmits Leishmania ?
Sandfly
Which fly transmits Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense ?
TseTse fly
Which disease is caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense?
African sleeping sickness
