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Essentials for Disease Process > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A
  1. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, Eukaryotes have a nucleus
  2. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles, Eukaryotes have.
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2
Q

What microorganism belongs to prokaryotes?

A

Bacteria

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3
Q

What microorganisms belong to eukaryotes?

A
  1. Protists
  2. Fungi
  3. Animalia
  4. Plantae
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4
Q

What is the cell membrane of fungi made of?

A

Ergosterol

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5
Q

What are the 3 classifications of fungi?

A
  1. Mould
  2. Yeast
  3. Dimorphic fungi
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6
Q

Name 3 characteristics of yeasts

A
  1. Unicellular
  2. Divide by budding
  3. Grow best at 35 degrees C
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7
Q

Name 3 characteristics of mould

A
  1. Multicellular
  2. Divide by sporalation
  3. Grow at variable temperatures but best at room temperature
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8
Q

How are bacterium classified?

A
  1. Gram-positive

2. Gram-negative

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9
Q

What type of cell wall do gram-positive bacteria have and what color does it stain?

A

Peptidoglycan cell wall and stains purple

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10
Q

What type of cell wall do gram-negative bacteria have and what color does it stain?

A

A thin layer of peptidoglycan and a layer of lipoproteins. Stains pink

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11
Q

Why is bacterium stained?

A
  1. Helps to determine the cell wall composition

2. Help identify shape of bacteria

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12
Q

What function does a bacteria capsule serve?

A
  1. Inhibits phagocytosis

2. Aids in attachment to surfaces

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13
Q

What is the bacterium capsule made of?

A

Polysaccharides and polypeptides

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14
Q

What is the function of pili in bacteria?

A

Attachment to surfaces and genetic material exchange

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15
Q

What is the function of bacterial flagellum?

A

Movement

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16
Q

How do bacteria multiply and what is the rate of growth?

A

Multiply by binary fission and occur very fast

17
Q

Name the metabolism of strict anaerobe bacteria

A

Absence of oxygen

18
Q

Name the metabolism of strict aerobe bacteria

A

Presence of oxygen

19
Q

Name the metabolism of facultative anaerobe bacteria

A

Absence or presence of oxygen

20
Q

Name the metabolism of aerotolerant anaerobe bacteria

A

Absence of oxygen but can tolerate low concentration of oxygen

21
Q

Name the metabolism of microaerophilic bacteria

A

Prefers low concentration of oxygen

22
Q

Name the metabolism of capnophilic bacteria

A

Prefers high concentration of oxygen

Essentials for Disease Process (4 decks)

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