Microbiology Flashcards
Describe how fungi can cause infections
- type of organism
- common diseases
Eukaryotes
- yeasts - candida
- moulds - aspergillosis
Opportunistic
Describe how protozoa can cause infections
- type of organism
- common diseases
Eukaryotes
-amoeba - amoebiasis (more common in developing countries
0
Absorb, ingest organic material
Describe how viruses can cause infections
-type of organism
Small celled, unable to replicate independently
Invade host cells and use their machinery to replicate
Describe how bacteria can cause infection
-type of organism
Prokaryotes
- commensal
- pathogenic
How can you classify bacteria based on their staining
Gram +ve - thick peptidoglycan wall => blue
Gram -ve - thin peptidoglycan wall => pink
No cell wall (atypical gram staining) => colourless
-chlamydiae
-mycoplasma
-legionella
Acid fast - mycolic acid wall => red in ZN
What bacteria types are Gram positive
-cocci
COCCI
Staph
-S aureus => coagulase +ve
-S epidermidis, saprophyticus => coagulase -ve
Strep
- S pneumoniae => a hemolysis (partial degredation)
- S pyogenes (GAS), agalacticae (GBS) => b hemolysis (complete degredation)
-Enterococcus => y hemolysis (no haemolysis)
What bacteria types are Gram positive
- rods
- which are facultative anaerobes, obligate aerobes and anaerobes
RODS
- Listeria (monocytogenes)
- Cornyebacterium (diptheria)
- Bacillus (cereus)
RODS, anaerobic Clostridium -diff -botulinum -tetani -perfringens (common cause of food poisoning) Actinomyces
RODS, aerobic
Nocardias
What bacteria are atypical
Mycobacteria Mycoplasma Chlamydia Ricketsia Borrellia Treponema
What bacteria types are Gram -ve
-diplococci
Neisseria
- N meningitidis
- N gonorrhoeae
What bacteria types are Gram -ve
-enterobacteria
Escherichia
-Ecoli
Klebsiella
-K pneumoniae
Salmonella
-S typhi
Shigella
-S dysenteriae
Yersina
-Y pestis
Proteus
-P mirabilis
Citrobacter
Serratia
What bacteria types are Gram -ve
-coccobacilli
Haemophilus
-H influenzae
Bortedella
-B pertussis
Brucella
Pasteurella
What bacteri types are Gram -ve
-other
Helicobacter
-H pylori
Vibrio
-V cholerae
Campylobacter
-C jejuni
Pseudomonas
-P aeruginosa
Legionella
-L pneumophila
Bartonella
