Microbiolgy Flashcards
1
Q
What is penicillin’s primary action
A
To stop cell wall synthesis, stops petidoglycan
2
Q
Describe the ribbon that produces proglottidis
A
tapeworm
3
Q
What kind of virus is SARS
A
coronavirus
4
Q
Is Variola eradicated
A
Yes, Variola (small pox) was eradicated in 1977
5
Q
What is reverse transription
A
RNA -> DNA, Nucleous-> brain DNA -> leaves
HIV or Retrovirus Delbeccio, Baltimore
DNA talks to outside by ER (RNA come out) is translated into linear Amino acids
6
Q
What is another name for thrush
A
Candida Albicans
7
Q
Where do we get Aspergillus and Histoplasmosis
A
Aspergillus=farmers (grains and nuts), Histoplasmosis=chicken coup
8
Q
Bacillus Calmette Guerin
A
TB
9
Q
What is the most prevalent Arbovirus
A
EEE/West Nile virus
10
Q
How many forms are there of ebola
A
5
11
Q
what is another name for ebola
A
hemorhagic fever
12
Q
Describe free DNA
A
Transduction, bacteria is injected, its free
when uptake=transformation
13
Q
Where are plastids most commonly found
A
fungi
14
Q
Where does green/photosynthesis happen
A
chloroplast, chlorophorm
15
Q
What is immunity in newborns called
A
natural passive (breatmilk), IgA
16
Q
what are fomites
A
inanimate objects
17
Q
what is the name of the vaccine that prevents shingles
A
VZV
18
Q
What is least likely to transmit cytomegalovirus
A
urine
19
Q
What is the globulin involved with atopic hypersensitivity
A
IgE, Type I
20
Q
What organization is involved with control, prevention, and education
A
CDC
21
Q
What are the microorganisms capable of blocking NT at myoneural junction
A
clostridium tetani
22
Q
what did the 2002 pandemic iradicate
A
SARS
23
Q
In the compliment system, what is the terminal compiment
A
C3B
24
Q
What is the most accurate way to diagnose AIDS
A
Western Blot
25
Describe the process in diagnosing AIDS
AIDS-> HIV CD4 decrease in number in the 1st test = screening ELsa Test (immunophoresis)
if its positive, they do a 2nd test -> Western Blot
After 2nd test, they are confirmed (diagnosed)
26
What are type Vi hypersensitivity reactions mediated by
lymphocyte, organ transplant rejection, contact dermitits
27
How do mumps, orchits, and paratidits relate
orchitis -> mumps -> parotitis
28
what is the most common STD to cause PID
Neisria Gonorrhea, gam negative, Clap, ghonecoccal arthritis
29
What type of organism is trichimonas vaginalis
protozoa (frothy, smelly fish)
30
Give a couple examples of liquefactive necosis
mycobacterium lepri and acahansens bacillis
31
what vaccine is used to prevent whooping cough
DTaP (diptheria, tetanus, and pertusis (whooping))
32
What organism is most common spread live to people
rickettsia quintana
33
Where do you get burnettii and riekettsii
burnettii (milk) and rickettsii (RM spotted fever)
34
What is the most common way to spread hepatitis C
Skin contact, and tatoos
35
What organism is yersinia pestis transmitted by
flea-rat
36
What is it called if a baby has a congenital absence of both T and B cells
Combined Immunity Deficiency
37
What is it called if a baby has a congenital absence of T helper cells
AIDS
38
What is it called if a baby has a congenital absence of thymus
DeGeorge's Syndrome
39
What is it called if a baby has a congenital absence of no B cells
Brutons Syndrome
40
Having a rabbit as a pet with increase the chances of contracting what disease
Tularemia
41
Having a parrot as a pet with increase the chances of contracting what disease
Psitticosis, chlymidial disase, not STD
42
Which antibody is found in the intestinal lumen
IgA
43
Is bacterium a prokaryote or eukaryote
prokaryote
44
Sydenhem's corea occurs in Rheumatic fever
Beta hemolytic streptococcus
45
Where do we see Aschoff Bodies
Rheumatic fever, beta hemolytic streptococcus
46
What is the number one cause of cystitis in women
cystitis (bladder infection) is caused by E. Coli
47
Describe the signs of Reiter's Disease
Can't see, Can't pee, Can't dance with me, arthritis, conjunct, urethritis
48
What is the medium used to culture a virus
tissue culture
49
What is the scotch tape test used for
Pinworm, enteromebius virticularis
50
Where do we find Herpes Zoster
Cranial never five (trigeminal nerve) opthalmic, mandibular, and maxillary
51
How is Hepatitis A spread
It is spread through foods
52
What can happen with a strep infection complication
glomerulonephritis
53
What organism causes dental cavities
Strep mutans
54
Where is helicobacter pylori most common
MC in pyloris?, resistant to chlorination
55
How is EEE spread
EEE is spread by a mosquito
56
Who discovered Mad Cow disease
Pisner Prion
57
What organization is responsible for epidemiological stats
CDC
58
Which causes ringworm of the scalp
tinea capitis
59
Which organism is grown in an environment with high carbon dioxide
Escherichia Ferment (E coli)
60
What antibiotic has the greatest effect on streptococcus
Penicillin
61
What disease would you think a rabbit hunter with a fever has
tularemia
62
How is toxoplasmosis spread
cat feces and under cooked meats
63
How is botulism spread
raw honey
64
What disease would you contract from a bird
Psittascosis
65
How is pertussis caused
It is caused by Bordetella
66
What organism is a Trematode
Fluke
67
What organism is a nematode
roundworm
68
What flagella is lophotrichus
multiple at one end
69
What is a cestode
it is like a tapeworm
70
Major histocompatibility complex I and II are recognized by...
B cells
71
What makes Interleukin I
macrophages
72
What makes Interleukin II
CD4
73
What makes Interleukin III
Bone marrow
74
A "grapelike-odor" with tissue color change to "blue-green" pus, in a burn victim:
- Brucellosis
- Legionella
- Coliforms
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas
75
Class II Histocompatibility complex proteins inform helper T cells problems that exist:
- inside the cell
- outside the cell
- during phagocyte ingestion
- during a type I hypersensitivity reaction
Outside the cell
76
Each of the following statements concerning the surface structures of bacteria is correct EXCEPT:
- Pili mediate the interaction of bacteria with mucosal epithelium
- Both gram (-) rods and cocci have lipopolysaccharide in their cell wall
- Polysaccharide capsules retard the ability for phagocytosis
- Flagella are nonantigenic in humans because they resemble human flagella in their chemical composition
Flagella are nonantigenic in humans because they resemble human flagella in their chemical composition
77
The main host defense agains bacterial exotoxins:
- Activated macrophages secreting proteases
- IgG and IgM antibodies
- Helper T cells
- Changes in the host cell receptors in response to the toxin
IgG and IgM antibodies
78
Which of the following cells are missing in DiGeorge's syndrome
- Helper T
- Mast
- Basophils
- Eosinophils
Helper T
79
Which of the following hypersensitivity reactions would indicate pernicious anemia
- Type I
- Type II
- Type III
- Type IV
Type II
80
The most important function of antibody in host defenses against bacteria is:
- Activation of lysozyme-degrades cell wall
- Acceleration of proteolysis of exotoxins
- Facilitation of phagocytosis
- Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis
Facilitation of phagocytosis
81
Approximately what percentage of adults smoke?
- 15%
- 25%
- 35%
- 45%
25%
82
Latency is an outcome particularly characteristic of which viral group
- poliovirus
- herpesvirus
- rhinovirus
- influenza virus
Herpesvirus
83
Which of the following is the LEAST likely to produce a disease from a virus
- Cytopathic effect in infected cells
- Malignant transformation of infected cells
- Immune response to virus-induced antigens on the surface of an infected cells
- production of an exotoxin that activated adenylate cyclase
Cytopathic effect in infected cells
84
Staphylococcus aureus physical characteristics are best described as
- Chain-like
- Rods
- Cluster-like
- Spiral-like
Cluster-like
85
A newborn will have the most
- IgG
- IgM
- IgA
- IgE
IgG
| go go goes across the placenta
86
Each statement concerning class I MHC is correct EXCEPT:
- They are cell surface proteins on almost all cells
- They are recognition elements for cytotoxic T cells
- They are codominantly expressed
- They are important in the skin test response to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
They are important in the skin test response to mycobacterium tuberculosis
87
which of the following polio vaccines is live and attenuated
- salk
- sabin
- MMR
- DPT
Sabin
88
Consumption of undercook beef causes:
- Taenia Saginata
- Taenia Solium
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Diphyllobothrium latum
Taenia Saginata
89
Necrotic pneumonia, possibly leading to death is caused by this deep mycoses:
- Piedraia hortae
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- Candida albicans
- Malassezia Furfur
Aspergillus fumigatus
90
The anal cellophane "scotch tape test" is used to discover:
- If your patient has contracted R. rickettsi
- If your patient has contracted an allergy to cellophane
- If your patient has contracted Enterobius vermicularis
- If your patient has contracted Coxiella Burnettii
Enterobius Vermicularis
91
Your patient is 20 yo with severe diarrhea. She just returned from a trip to Peru and at raw shellfish at her farewell party, she had "rice water stools" 20 times a day and fever, weakness, and dizziness. What caused this?
- Campylobacter jejuni
- helicobacter pylori
- bacteroides fragilis
- Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae
92
The annual cost in US from alcohol abuse:
- 170 thousand
- 170 million
- 170 billion
- 170 trillion
170 billion
93
The most common sexually transmitted disease in the US
- Gonorrhea
- Syphilis
- Chlamydia
- Rabies
Chlamydia
94
Which of the following intracellular protozoa causes a 33% chance of fetal brain damage:
- Trypanosoma cruzi
- Plasmodium falciparum
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Leishmania
Toxoplasma gondii
95
The list below are paired with their mode of transmission. Which one of the pairings is MOST accurate:
- Borrelia burgdorferi-mosquito bite
- R. rickettsii-food
- Cholera- tick
- Yersinia pestis- flea
Yersinia pestis-flea
96
A 30yo woman with a history of Rheumatic fever has had a fever for 2 wks. Physical exam reveals a new heart murmur. What is the most likely route of transmission?
- Colon
- Stomach
- Large intestine
- Mouth
Mouth
97
Regarding Lyme disease, which of the following is MOST accurate
- Cuase is a small gram positive rod
- The deer tick is the cause
- Fleas are a principle mode of transmission
- There is no vaccine available to protect people against this disease
The deer tick is the cause
