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Micro WEEK 2 > Microbial Pathogenesis > Flashcards

Microbial Pathogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Are a small group of microbes

A

Pathogens

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2
Q

Ability to cause a disease

A

Pathogenecity

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3
Q

A degree to which the microbe is pathogenic

A

Virulence

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4
Q

What are the 4 TASKS a microbe must accomplish to cause a disease?

A
  1. ) Gain entry to a host
  2. ) Attach and multiply
  3. ) Evade host defences
  4. ) Cause damage to tissues
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5
Q

Some microbes have _______ that enables attachment to specific tissue/cells.

A

Adhesins

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6
Q

It is a glandular tissue…

A

B. pseudomallei

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7
Q

Are Respiratory Cells…

A

Adenovirus

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8
Q

Pili/fimbriae is a specific receptor which affect the..(hint: 3 parts)

A

Bladder, Gut and Cappiliaries

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9
Q

2 examples of Pili/Fimbriae

A

E. Coli - Bladder & Gut

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae - genital epithelium

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10
Q

It is described to be a slime layer capsule

A

Glycocalyx

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11
Q

Sticks to dentine

A

Streptococcus Mutans

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12
Q

Produces Acid

A

Multiples

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13
Q

Has a specific relationship

A

HIV, CD4 (T-Helper Cells)

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14
Q

Helps to explain higher incidence of disease

A

Influenza Receptors

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15
Q

Genetic material, shape and structure of SARS CoV 2 aka “Covid-19

A

RNA, Spherical, Enveloped

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16
Q

Hooks and Sucker are what type of microbes (hint: It is a PARASITE)

A

Helminths

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17
Q

EBA - 175 is abbreviated to…

A

Erythrocyte Binding Agent (EBA)

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18
Q

MSP 1,24,5 is abbreviated to…

A

Merozoite Surface Protein

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19
Q

AMA is abbreviated to…

A

Apical Membrane Antigen

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20
Q

RAP 1 -3 is abbreviated to…

A

Rhoptry associated protein

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21
Q

What are the 4 antigens/proteins which enable invasion? (in PARASITES)

A
  1. )EBA-175
  2. )MSP-1,24,5
  3. )AMA-
  4. )RAP1-3
22
Q

Preventing a step in phagocytosis

A

Antiphagocytic

23
Q

Masks the receptors on the surface

A

Capsule

24
Q

True or False: Acapsular Mutants can not cause.

A

True

25
Q

Hiding from the immune mechanism.

A

Concealment

26
Q

Give 2 examples of latent viral infections

A
  • Varicella Zoster Virus

- Herpes Simplex

27
Q

What do you call the bacteria of Hydatid Disease?

A

Echinococcus granulosus

28
Q

A condition caused by cysts containing the larval stage. (hint: E.granulosus)

A

Hydatid Disease

29
Q

Tricking immune mechanism

A

Antigen Variation

30
Q

Memory cells be stimulated

A

Change antigen structure

31
Q

A slight variation in the coding of the immunological important antigens.

A

Antigen Drift - reduce effectiveness of memory

ex. influenza and rhinovirus

32
Q

Two strains infect and complete fool memory

A

Antigen Shift

33
Q

An example of deplete or reduce the capacity of host’s immune response.

A

HIV

34
Q

Protease breaks down antibody

A

Haemophilus influenza

35
Q

Substances that can be secreted and part of microbes.

A

Toxins

36
Q

The 2 groups of Toxins:

A
  1. )Exotoxin - toxins secreted into the environment

2. ) Endotoxins - toxins part of bacterial cell, lipid A, released on cell destruction

37
Q

Beak down red cells ex. Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Haemolysins

38
Q

Kill white cells ex. Staphylococcus pyogenes

A

Leukocidins

39
Q

Many bacteria

A

Hyaluronidases

40
Q

True or False: Antikeratin is a bacteria.

A

False, it is a FUNGI

41
Q

It enables colonization of mucus.

A

Antimucin

42
Q

Anti-Clotting

A

Kinases

43
Q

Changes in permeability of gut epithelium

A

Vibrio Cholera

44
Q

what are the 3 changes of function of Exotoxins

A
  1. ) Vibrio Cholera
  2. )Fluid loss
  3. ) Die of dehydration
45
Q

What happens in Endotoxins?

A
  • Inflammation, stimulate host cell response
  • overload host
  • increased vessel permeability
  • loss of fluid
  • septic shock
46
Q

What study involves Endotoxins?

A

Immunopathology

47
Q

Give diseases related to proinflammatory cytokine

A

Ex. LF, Tuberculosis, melioidosis

48
Q

The 2 “Balancing Act” of Infectious disease

A
  1. ) Integrity of the host defense mechanism

2. )Virulent of the microbe

49
Q

True or False: Compromised defenses can be breached less easily.

A

False, Compromised defenses can be breached MORE easily

50
Q

Virulent microbe can evade _______

A

Defenses

Micro WEEK 2 (4 decks)

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