Lab Diagnosis and Sample Collection Flashcards
What are the 3 phases of lab-basis analysis?
- )Pre-analytical
- ) Analytical
- )Post-Analytical
What to do during the Pre-lab phase?
- Sample collection/test utilisation
- Lab may not be directly responsible for activity
Give 3 examples of sample collection/test utilisation
- the right sample for the job
- Sample Integrity vital for quality outcome
- Storage and transportation to lab
The 3 categories of pre-analytical variation in SAMPLE ERROR
- )Pre-collection causes
- )Collection causes
- )Post collection causes
The four evidence based medicine
- )Patient outcome
- )Public health
- )Disease Control
- ) Health Plannning
What are the evidence for infection? (hint: MCS)
Microscopy, Culture, Antimicrobial sensitivity
What are the other ways if we can’t see or cultivate the viable organism?
- )Detection of antigens
- ) Serology
- )Detection of nucleic acids
Leptospirosis is an/a ________
Antibody
Dengue is an/a ________.
Antibody
HIV is an/a _________.
Genome/antigen/antibody
Typhoid is a/an___________
Viable organism
Hepatitis is a/an_____________
Antibody/Antigen
TB is a/an _____________
Microscopy, genome, viable organism
3 basic rules for M, C & S
- )Must ensure that the sample is not contaminated with microbes.
- )Collector should know how poor samples affect the result and have systems in place ti ensure quality
- )Lab must have a system in place to determine sample integrity
The 3 examples of getting a sample
- )Swabs
- )Urine
- )Sputum
When getting wound swabs, what should be avoided?
Contaminating the Flora
The four urine collection techniques
- )Mid-stream collection - use sterile container
- )Foley’s catheter sample - prone to contamination
- )Bag urine - no bladder control ex. infants
- )Supa public Bladder tap - least to be contaminated
Used to determine evidence of lower respiratory tract (hint: a very dangerous sample)
Sputum
Are called inflammatory cells
Polymorphs
Used to determine evidence of bacteraemia.
Blood for culture
Diagnosis of disease using the immune response in SEROLOGY (hint: there 2 main ways)
- ) Detection of the antigen using specific antibodies
2. )Detection of specific antibodies to determine previous exposure to an infectious agent, allergen or presence of abs
Syphilis is caused by the spirochetal bacterium
Treponema pallidum
What is the commonly used test (hint: ELISA)
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Is a technique or test used to detect the presence or quantity of a substance based on its capacity to act as an antigen AG or antibody Ab
Immunoassay
