Microbes and Their Metabolism

Question 1

Chemotroph

Answer 1

Chemical energy source

Question 2

Phototroph

Answer 2

Light energy source

Question 3

Organotroph

Answer 3

Organic electron source

Question 4

Lithotroph

Answer 4

Inorganic electron source

Question 5

Heterotroph

Answer 5

Organic carbon source

Question 6

Autotroph

Answer 6

Inorganic carbon source

Question 7

What is an example of an organotroph electron donor?

Answer 7

Glucose, steak

Question 8

What is an example of a lithotroph electron donor?

Answer 8

NH3, H2, S0

Question 9

What is the electron acceptor in a an aerobic environment?

Answer 9

O2

Question 10

What is the electron acceptor in an anaerobic enviornment?

Answer 10

NO3, S04, Fe(III_ CO2

Question 11

What is an example of a heterotrophic carbon source?

Answer 11

Glucose, streak

Question 12

What is an example of an autrotroph carbon source?

Answer 12

CO2

Question 13

What makes cyanobacteria unique from other phototrophic bacteria?

Answer 13

Autotrophic and oxygenic
- others are autotrophic, heterotrophic or both; anoxygenic

Question 14

What is the classification for an organism that has a chemical energy
source, inorganic electron donors and an inorganic carbon source ?

Answer 14

Chemolithoautotroph

Question 15

What is the classification for an organism that has a chemical energy
source, inorganic electron donors and an organic carbon source ?

Answer 15

Chemolithoheterotroph

Question 16

Describe the metabolism of a photoorganoautotroph

Answer 16

This organism that has a light energy source, organic electron donors
and an inorganic carbon source.

Question 17

Describe the metabolism of a chemolithoautotroph

Answer 17

This organism that has a chemical energy source, inorganic electron
donors and an inorganic carbon source.

Question 18

Describe the metabolism of a photolithooautotroph

Answer 18

This organism that has a light energy source, inorganic electron
donors and an inorganic carbon source

Question 19

What is the classification for an organism that has a light energy
source, organic electron donors and an organic carbon source ?

Answer 19

Photoorganoheterotroph

Question 20

What is O2 within a soil particle measured by?

Answer 20

Microelectrode

Question 21

Distribution of resources in nature is often . . .

Answer 21

Non-uniform

Question 22

Competition for resources . . .

Answer 22

Is likely

Question 23

Microbial monocultures in nature are . . .

Answer 23

Rare

Question 24

Biofilm

Answer 24

A community of microorganisms embedded in a matrix adhering to a surface

Question 25

What causes physiochemical gradients?

Answer 25

A number of potential microenvironments within a small area in mature biofilms

Question 26

What are the advantages of biofilms?

Answer 26

• Protection from predators
• Ability to remain in a favourable niche
• Nutrient trapping

Question 27

Biofilm disadvantages

Answer 27

• Highly competitive
• Efficient spreading of viruses or predator

Question 28

Competition in biofilm

Answer 28

Depends on nutrient uptake and metabolic rates
Ex. competitive exclusion

Question 29

Antagonism in biofilm

Answer 29

• Inhibitor or metabolic product
  Ex. antibiotic or bacteriocin release, lactic acid production

Question 30

Cooperative microbes in biofilm

Answer 30

Share same/nearby environment

Question 31

Syntrophy in biofilm

Answer 31

Transformation neither can conduct alone

Question 32

Complementary metabolic interactions

Answer 32

Ex. nitrification (NH3 -> NO2- and NO2- -> NH3)

Question 33

Symbiosis

Answer 33

Relationships between organisms sharing ecosystem