Microbes Flashcards
Why does bacteria cause disease?
Some bacteria release toxins that are harmful to humans. Those toxins harm or prevent our body cells from working properly causing disease
Are viruses alive?
No because they need a host cell to survive
What does the plant cell have that the animal cell doesn’t have?
Cell wall, chloroplast and permanent vacuole
Nucleus function
Controls cell, holds DNA
Mitochondria function
Site of cellular respiration, turns glucose and oxygen into energy
Cytoplasm function
Jelly like fluid in the cell, site of chemical reactions, organelles are contained
Cell membrane function
Allows things to come in and out of the cell, transports waste out of the cell
Cell wall function
A tough outer layer made of cellulose, supports the cell and helps the cell maintain its shape
Vacuole function
Storage space for the cell
Chloroplast function
Site of photosynthesis and gives the plant its green color(chlorophyll)
What does each letter of MRS GREN stand for
M- Movement
R- Respiration
S- Sensitivity
G- Growth
R- Reproduction
E- Excretion
N- Nutrition
How much time does bacteria take to double?
20 minutes
What are the ideal conditions for binary fission
A warm, moist, protein rich environment
3 ways to reduce food poisoning
- Cooking food properly (Check temperature)
- Clean properly (Wash hands before handling raw meat etc.)
- Store food at proper temperature (Don’t leave food out)
What is the definition of bacteria and virus
Bacteria are single celled organisms (unicellular), and they are alive
A virus is a non-living particle made up of genetic material and protein that can invade cells
How do viruses harm people
Viruses harm people by invading a healthy cell in the body and cloning itself which harms more cells and becomes a disease
Immunity definition
The ability for our body to recognize and get rid of foreign material (It does this by producing antibodies to a specific pathogen)
Antibodies definition and what it is used for
Antibodies are a protein made by plasma cells (type of white blood cells) in response to an antigen.
They are used for protecting you from infections, allergens and toxins
What are the 2 ways we can gain immunity
- Passive immunity- antibodies are produced outside the body and given to us
- Adaptive immunity- Body makes its own antibodies
Vaccine definition
A preparation used to stimulate the bodys response against diseases
Aim of vaccines
To stimulate a dangerous disease so that the body learns how to fight it and when that disease actually comes the body knows what to do
