Micro - Toxins/ Virulence Factors/ culture plating Flashcards
Inactivate elongation factor (EF-2)
Corynebacterium Dipetheriae; Pseudomonas Auerginosa
Inactivate 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA (prevent protein synthesis)
Shigella (shiga toxin); Enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC) including O157:H7 strain (shiga like toxin)
Overactivates adenylate cyclase (inc cAMP)
Enterotoxigenic E. Coli (ETEC); Bacillus anthracis (edema factor); Vibrio choloreae (cholera toxin–Gs); Bordetella pertussis (pertussis toxin –disabling Gi)
Phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue cell membranes
Clostridium perfingens (alpha toxin)
Protein that degrades cell membrane (lyses RBC)
Streptococcus pyogenes (streptolysin O) – diagnositic for rhematic fever
Overwhelming IFN-gamma and IL-2 activation –> shock
Staph aureus (TSST-1); Strep pyogenes (exotoxin A)
Most common serotype of E. Coli causing UTI
K1 capsule (capsule = most important virulence factor)
Growth at 4C selects for
Listeria or Yersinia enterocolitica
Growth at 42C selects for
Campylobacter
Growth on sorbitol MacConkey agar
Enterohemorrhagic E coli is the only E coli that can ferment sorbitol
Erythrogenic exotoxins
Strep pyrogenes - extra virulence factor that contributes to scarlet fever; obtained through lysogenic conversion (phage inserted into bacterial chromosome and produces a prophage)
Lowenstein Jensen agar
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Cold agglutination test
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Eosin-methylene blue agar
E. Coli - green metallic sheen
Charcoal yeast agar
Legionella
Tellurite agar
C. Diptheriae
Chocolate agar with V&X
H. influenzae
Lysogenic phage encoding bacterial toxin (x5)
ABCDE shigA-like toxin Botulinum toxin Cholera toxin Diptheria toxin Erythrogenic toxin of strep pyogenes (scarlet fever)
C. Dif toxin
Toxin A - entertoxin, binds to brush border of the gut. Toxin B - cytotxin, causes cytokeletal disruption via actin deploymerization –psuedomembranous colitis
Stain acid fast
mycobacterium; nocardia (partially); cryptosporidium; isospora. Ziehl-Neelsen Acid fast stain
Require cysteine to grow
Fracisella; brucella; legionella; pasturella
Warthing Finkeldery giant cells
Measles - syncytium of lymphocytes (not macrophages as in most)
F fusion protein found in
Paramyxovirus: parainfluenza, mumps, measles, RSV; helps them form multinucleated giants cells with the respiratory epithelial cells
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis associated with
measles
Elek test
C. Diptheria - toxin not produced until infected with a temparate phage that encodes the toxin - lysogenic conversoin.
ELEK test finds the toxin (b/c C.D. is morphological similar to normal oral-pharynx flora)
Relapsing fever
Boriella
Black fly, black skin nodules, black sight…name that bug?
Onchocerca volvulus - river blindness.
vitamin b12 def caused by this parasite
diphyllobothrium latum - tapeworm
portal htn caused by this parasite
schistosoma (host=snail) (penetrates skin of human)
3 parasites that penetrate skin of human
stronglyoidies, Necator americanus, schistosoma
Hairy oral leukoplakia caused by what virus?
EBV
lacy body rash (exanthema subitum)
HHV-6 Roseola - fever for 3 days then goes away and rash comes
Coxiella burnetii causes what disease?
Q fever - high fever +/- atypical penumonia. often seen in vets and farmers. rickettsial organism.
microaerophilic (x2)
campy; helio
catalase positive (x5)
staph, psuedomonas, candida, aspergillus, enterobacteriaceae
giemsa stain
blood protozoa (plasmodium, babesia, trypanosoma, leishmania), histo, chlamydia, rickettsiae
