Micro: Parasites

Question 1

Actively replicating form of a protozoan.

Answer 1

Trophozoite

Question 2

Flask-shaped ulcers

Answer 2

Entamoeba histolytic

Question 3

Treatment for Entamoeba histolytic

Answer 3

1. Paromomycin: non-invasive

2. Metronidazole: symptomatic, invasive

Question 4

Bloody diarrhea and pigs.

Answer 4

Balantidium coli

Question 5

Treatment for Balantidium coli.

Answer 5

Tetracyclines

Question 6

Bi-lobed nuclei in the trophozoite form.

Answer 6

Giardia lamblia

Question 7

Buzz word for Giardia on wet mount.

Answer 7

Falling-Leaf motility

Question 8

Condition caused by Giardia

Answer 8

Malabsorption syndrome

-especially lipids, so patients present with foul smelling steatorrhea.

Question 9

Acid fast round oocyst with watery diarrhea.

Answer 9

Cryptosporidium parvum

Question 10

Treatment for Cryptosporidium parvum

Answer 10

1. Water + electrolytes

2. IC patients: Nitazoxanide

Question 11

Acid fast oval (or elliptical) oocyst.

Answer 11

Isospera belli

Question 12

Condition caused by Isospera belli

Answer 12

Malabsorption syndrome

Question 13

Nocturnal peri-anal itching.

Answer 13

Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm)

Question 14

Diagnosis and treatment for Enterobius vermicularis

Answer 14

1. Scotch Tape or Cellulose tape applied to the perianal area and check for eggs.
2. Treat: Pyrantel Pamoate (OTC)
   or mebendazole or albendazole

Question 15

Diagnosed by either colonoscopy, eggs in sputum or stool.

Answer 15

Ascaris lubricoides (roundworm)
-migrates thru blood to heart and lungs which can be "coughed up" and be found in sputum

Question 16

Treatment for Ascaris lubricoides

Answer 16

Albendazole

Question 17

Bug contracted accidently from cats or dogs.

Answer 17

Toxocara canis or T. cati

Question 18

Treatment of T. canis or cati

Answer 18

Albendazole

Question 19

Barrel shape eggs with plugs on both ends.

Answer 19

Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

Question 20

Main GI symptom and treatment of whipworm.

Answer 20

Bloody mucoid diarrhea

Treatment: Albendazole

Question 21

Pneumonitis in immunocompromised patients.

Answer 21

Strongyloides stercoralis (threadworm)

Question 22

Diagnosis and treatment of Strongyloides s.

Answer 22

Diagnose: Baermann funnel gauze method, find larva in fecal sample (hookworm you just find eggs)

Treatment: Ivermectin

Question 23

Most commonly contracted from undercooked bear meat in the US.

Answer 23

Trichinella spiralis

Question 24

Main symptoms of Trichinella infection.

Answer 24

MYLAGIA (encysts in the muscle fibers then hatches), abdominal discomfort, diarrhea

Question 25

Diagnosis and treatment of Trichinella s.

Answer 25

D: muscle biopsy T: Bed rest, antipyretics, and analgesics Albendazole: for adult worms

Question 26

Sushi or raw fish

Answer 26

Anisakis simplex

Question 27

Presentation and treatment for a patient with Anisakis simplex

Answer 27

Presents with N/V within hours after eating sushi due to hypersensitivity reaction in stomach Treat with surgery if it doesn't resolve

Question 28

Intermediate host of Flukes

Answer 28

Snails

Question 29

Larval and infectious stage of flukes

Answer 29

Cercariae

Question 30

Type of egg in all trematodes

Answer 30

Operculated eggs

Question 31

Eating contaminated water chestnuts

Answer 31

Fasciolopsis buski (Giant intestinal fluke)

Question 32

Presentation and treatment for Fasciolopsis buski

Answer 32

Watery diarrhea with malabsorption syndrome Treat: Praziquantel

Question 33

What is Katayama syndrome?

Answer 33

Urticaria, cough, abdominal, pain caused by acute infection of Schistosoma mansoni

Question 34

Clay pipestem fibrosis

Answer 34

Chronic infection of Schistosoma mansoni involving fibrosis of the portal vein in the liver. Fatal

Question 35

How can you differentiate Schistosoma mansoni from S. haematobium?

Answer 35

mansoni - has lateral spine on egg | haematobium - has a central terminal spine on egg

Question 36

Treatment for Schistosomes

Answer 36

Praziquantel

Question 37

What are proglottids?

Answer 37

Segments that make up the body of the cestodes (tapeworms)

Question 38

Neurocysticercosis, seizures

Answer 38

Taenia solium (pork tapeworm) - calcification in tissues (cysticercosis) - this one can calcify in the brain and cause seizures

Question 39

Treatment for Taenia solium

Answer 39

Praziquantel

Question 40

Beef tapeworm

Answer 40

Taenia saginata

Question 41

causes B12 deficiency

Answer 41

Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish tapeworm)

Question 42

Treatment of diphyllobothrium latum

Answer 42

Niclosamide and B12 supplements

Question 43

What is hydatid cyst disease?

Answer 43

Cysts growing in liver or lungs due to Echinococcus granulosus infection.

Question 44

Treatment for E. granulosus infection.

Answer 44

Hydatid cyst disease: surgical removal of cysts Albendazole for non-complicated infection