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National Boards Part I > Micro (mneumonics) > Flashcards

Micro (mneumonics) Flashcards

1
Q

Coronaviridae

A

SARS

“Drink a corona, look at the stars”

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2
Q

Filoviridae

A

Marburgs, Ebola = Hemorrhagic fever

“Filo makes everybody happy”

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3
Q

Bunyaviridae

A

Hantavirus
Vector = chipmunks or prairie dogs (rodents)
“Buny” for rodents
“Hant me that chipmunk please”

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4
Q

Reoviridae

A

Childhood diarrhea
MCC of diarrhea in children
“Reo” sounds like “Rea”

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5
Q

Togaviridae

A

Rubella virus, East & West Equine Encephalitis

“Julius Caesar wearing a “toga” while riding his “horse” named “Ruby”

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6
Q

Flaviviridae

A

Yellow fever & St. Louis Encephalitis
“Flav” = yellow
“St. Louis” rams are yellow/blue

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7
Q

Caliciviridae

A

Norwalk Virus AKA Cruise ship diarrhea

“You get “calluses” when you “walk” on ships”

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8
Q

Downey cells

A

Mononucleosis
*Downey cells are atypical lymphocytes
“Don’t let mono get you “down””

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9
Q

Epithelioid Hystiocyte

A

TB

*AKA Giant cell epithelioid

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10
Q

Gummas

A

Syphilis

*When ever you see “gummas,” think syphilis

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11
Q

Koplik Spots

A

Rubeola
*rubeola measles = red spots
*measles on the buccal mucosa = bluish/white spots
“Cop lick” = cops have red white and blue lights, lick = mouth

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12
Q

Lipofuscin

A

Old-age pigment (In organs = Brown’s atrophy)

“Old”, “brown” women get “lipo”suction so they can “atrophy”

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13
Q

Russell bodies

A

Multiple myeloma AKA plasma cell leukemia

“Russel runs “multiple miles”

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14
Q

Treponema pertenue

A

Non-venereal syphilis AKA Yaws disease

“It’s “pertinent” you don’t “trep” over your “yaw”

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15
Q

Ames Test

A

Carcinogenicity

*Salmonella

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16
Q

ASO Titer

A

Antistreptolysin O Titer

*strep pyogens (rhuematic fever)

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17
Q

BOD test

A

Biological O2 Demand
* general pollution
“Don’t pollute your bod”

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18
Q

Catalase

A

Staph + / Strep -

*will detect any staph bacteria

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19
Q

Chocolate agar

A

Gonorrhea AKA Thayer Martin AKA Heated blood agar

“Melted chocolate oozes” (like gonorrhea out your dick)

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20
Q

Coagulase

A

Staph aureus +

*all other staphs will be negative

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21
Q

HLA B27

A

Seronegative arthritides

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22
Q

HLA CD4

A

AIDS

*Need 2 positive ELISA tests (DNA test) before doing a Western Blot (protein test- most accurate)

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23
Q

Paul Bunnell test

A

Mononucleosis
AKA Heterophile Agglutination test
“Paul Bunnell is a heterosexual and has mono”

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24
Q

Quellung test

A

Swelling
*test for meningitis
“Quellung is swelling”

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25
Q

Shick test

A

Diphtheria - infection of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat.
*Babe’s Earnst Bodies
“Dip” you “shick” and shave to look like a “ babe”

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26
Q

Weil Felix test

A

Rickettsia (rickets)
*tests for all rickets EXCEPT coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
“Felix” the cat chases “crickets”

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27
Q

Tzank test

A

Herpes (zoster, simplex, and varicella)

Tzank has a Z in it. I think of Zoster.

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28
Q

Fluorescent Antibody test

A

TB or syphilis

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29
Q

Active sputum culture

A

TB

*best test for TB because it gives immediate results

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30
Q

VDRL & Darkfield

A

Syphilis

*VDRL = venereal disease research lab

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31
Q

Tine test

A

TB

*AKA Mantoux test AKA Skin prick test

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32
Q

Ziehl Nielson Staining

A

Acid Fast Organisms

33
Q

Hymenolepis nana

A

Diarrhea
*tapeworm
“Mom, nana has diarrhea!”

34
Q

Taenia saginata

A

Uncooked beef
*tapeworm
“Cows have “saggy” utters”

35
Q

Taenia solium

A

Uncooked pork
*tapeworm
“Pork has a lot of “sodium”

36
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Fish
*tapeworm.
Salt water = yellow tail tuna, Fresh water = pacific salmon

37
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

Dog/wolf feces
*tapeworm
Causes hydatid cysts in the liver and lungs
“Hey “dog,” stop “echin” your “cysts!”

38
Q

Ascaris lumbriocides

A

Ascariasis
*roundworm. Colic pain. MC roundworm/infection worldwide! Oral-fecal rout
“Ass is round”

39
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti

A

Filiariasis (elephantitis)

*round worm. Vector = mosquitos

40
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

A

Pinworm

*roundworm. MC helminth worm in the US! Anal cellophane test.

41
Q

Nector americanus

A

Hookworm

*roundworm. MC hookworm in the US! Spread by feces invaded soil (wear shoes to prevent)

42
Q

Onchocerca volvulus

A 
River blindness (in Africa)
* roundworm. Vector = flies
43
Q

Loa Loa

A

River eye worm AKA African eye worm
*roundworm. Vector = flies
“Look at “Lola” in the eyes”

44
Q

Trichuris trichura

A

Weight loss
*roundworm. Vector = oral-fecal
“Weight loss is tricky tricky”

45
Q

Trichonella spiralis

A

Dx on X-ray (especially in the gastroc)
*roundworm. Vector = raw pork
“Spiral ham”

46
Q

Shistosoma japonicum

A

Swimmer’s itch

*fluke. MCC of death by helminth worm world wide! Vector = snail.

47
Q

Paragonimus westermani

A

Affects lungs
*fluke. Vector = crayfish
“Pair” your “crayfish” with this “western” wine”

48
Q

Yersinia pestis AKA Pasteurella pestis

A

Bubonic Plague AKA The Black Death
*airborne bacterial disease Vector = rat flea (xenopsylla cheopis). “Rats are xtra cheap”
“Yersinia” sounds like a “black” woman’s name.

49
Q

Francisella tularensis

A

Tuleremia AKA Rabbit fever
*airborne bacterial disease.
Vector = rabbits, squirrels, and hunters
“The French rabbits smell tulips”

50
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Floppy baby syndrome
*food borne bacterial disease.
Inhibits AcH. 1st symptom = diplopia, 2nd symptom = death. Most powerful neurotoxin.
“Don’t “flop your baby” in the “closet”

51
Q

C. Jejuni (campylobacter)

A

Gastritis and diarrhea
*food borne bacterial disease.
MCC of diarrhea in combined populations world wide (reoviridae aka rotovirus is the mcc of diarrhea in children), and mcc of food poisoning. Blood and pus in stool.
“Jejuni” sounds like jejunum = stomach issues

52
Q

Listeria monocytogens

A

Listeria
*food borne bacterial disease.
Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Found in deli meats and soft cheeses.
“Put deli meat and cheese on the grocery “list”

53
Q

Salmonella entrides

A

Salmonella
*food borne bacterial disease
Fever starting 12-24 hours after ingestion.
Found in eggs and poultry

54
Q

Staph aureus

A

Staph infection
*food borne bacterial disease
NO FEVER. Symptoms starting 2-4 hours after ingestion
Found in creams and custards.
“I “cream” when I see the “aurora” borealis”

55
Q

Salmonella typhi

A

Typhoid
*food borne bacterial disease
Rose colored spots on abdomen. Hides in gallbladder and in Peyer’s patches in the ileum.
Peyer’s patches - small masses of lymph tissue in the small intestine (ileum).
“Salmon named Patches”

56
Q

Brucella abortus

A

Brucellosis
*water borne bacterial disease
Causes random abortions in cattle. Found in H20 and MILK!
“Bruce the cow got an abortion”

57
Q

Vibrio cholera AKA vibrio comma

A

Cholera (comma shaped)
*water borne bacterial disease
Vomiting and “rice water stools”
“Only vibrant rice is comma shaped”

58
Q

Shigella

A

Shigella
*water borne bacterial disease
Dysentery (blood in stool). Found in H2O and SOIL!
“Aw shig!!! I’m bleeding out my ass!”

59
Q

E. Coli

A

Traveler’s diarrhea
*water borne bacterial disease
Infant diarrhea AKA Montezuma’s revenge! E. Coli OH1527 = Hamburger’s Disease (fatal)
“I’m traveling to East Cali”

60
Q

Bacillus antracis

A

Anthrax AKA “Woolsorter’s disease”
*soil borne bacterial disease
Gram + rod found in animals (sheep)

61
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Tetanus
*soil borne bacterial disease
Lockjaw aka trismus. Inhibits GABA and glycine (inhibitory neurotransmitters).

62
Q

Clostridum perfingins

A

Gas gangrene

*soil borne bacterial disease

63
Q

Borrelia burgorferi

A

Lyme’s disease
*spirochetes
Bull’s eye rash AKA Erythema chronicum migricans
Deer tick (Lxodes scapularis)
“Boring burger? Here’s a trick, try a lime!”

64
Q

Borrelia recurrentis

A

Relapse fever
*spirochetes
Tics, lice, and rabbits. Fevers come and go (recurrent/relapse)

65
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Syphilis (4 types):
*spirochetes
Primary- hard, painless chancre
Secondary- condylomata (flat warts on vulva).
Latent- may or may not have symptoms
Tertiary- neurosyphilis. Argyll Robertson pupil, tabes dorsalis, Gummas

66
Q

Treponema pertenue

A

Non-venereal syphilis (Yaws)

*spirochetes

67
Q

What is the minor from of Legionere’e Disease?

A

Pontiac’s disease

*AKA Pontiac fever

68
Q

What is the mc bacteria that cause infection in hospitals and locker rooms?

A

Staph aureus

69
Q

The family “Actinomycetaceae,” are know to cause what type of granules?

A

Sulfur granule

*lesions in the mouth and gums

70
Q

The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) is seen in which type of hypersensitivity?

A

IV

71
Q

The C5b-C9 complement is know as…

A

Membrane attack complex AKA Terminal compliment complex

72
Q

In order to be active, haptens must be attached to…

A

Protein

73
Q

What is the only hypersensitivity rxn that does not require immunoglobulins?

A

IV (delayed type)

74
Q

Microaerophilic microbes grow in what kind of culture?

A

“Candle Jar Culture”

i.e. high altitude plants

75
Q

Sabouraud agar tests for…

A

Fungi

76
Q

Guillian-Barre AKA?

A

Post-infectious polyradiculopathy

77
Q

Serratia marcenscens will give what color pus?

A

Red

78
Q

Which hepatitis is known to be self-limiting?

A

Hep A

79
Q

Type I herpes simplex “hides” where?

A

Trigeminal ganglion AKA Gasserion

National Boards Part I (5 decks)

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