Micro (mneumonics) Flashcards
Coronaviridae
SARS
“Drink a corona, look at the stars”
Filoviridae
Marburgs, Ebola = Hemorrhagic fever
“Filo makes everybody happy”
Bunyaviridae
Hantavirus
Vector = chipmunks or prairie dogs (rodents)
“Buny” for rodents
“Hant me that chipmunk please”
Reoviridae
Childhood diarrhea
MCC of diarrhea in children
“Reo” sounds like “Rea”
Togaviridae
Rubella virus, East & West Equine Encephalitis
“Julius Caesar wearing a “toga” while riding his “horse” named “Ruby”
Flaviviridae
Yellow fever & St. Louis Encephalitis
“Flav” = yellow
“St. Louis” rams are yellow/blue
Caliciviridae
Norwalk Virus AKA Cruise ship diarrhea
“You get “calluses” when you “walk” on ships”
Downey cells
Mononucleosis
*Downey cells are atypical lymphocytes
“Don’t let mono get you “down””
Epithelioid Hystiocyte
TB
*AKA Giant cell epithelioid
Gummas
Syphilis
*When ever you see “gummas,” think syphilis
Koplik Spots
Rubeola
*rubeola measles = red spots
*measles on the buccal mucosa = bluish/white spots
“Cop lick” = cops have red white and blue lights, lick = mouth
Lipofuscin
Old-age pigment (In organs = Brown’s atrophy)
“Old”, “brown” women get “lipo”suction so they can “atrophy”
Russell bodies
Multiple myeloma AKA plasma cell leukemia
“Russel runs “multiple miles”
Treponema pertenue
Non-venereal syphilis AKA Yaws disease
“It’s “pertinent” you don’t “trep” over your “yaw”
Ames Test
Carcinogenicity
*Salmonella
ASO Titer
Antistreptolysin O Titer
*strep pyogens (rhuematic fever)
BOD test
Biological O2 Demand
* general pollution
“Don’t pollute your bod”
Catalase
Staph + / Strep -
*will detect any staph bacteria
Chocolate agar
Gonorrhea AKA Thayer Martin AKA Heated blood agar
“Melted chocolate oozes” (like gonorrhea out your dick)
Coagulase
Staph aureus +
*all other staphs will be negative
HLA B27
Seronegative arthritides
HLA CD4
AIDS
*Need 2 positive ELISA tests (DNA test) before doing a Western Blot (protein test- most accurate)
Paul Bunnell test
Mononucleosis
AKA Heterophile Agglutination test
“Paul Bunnell is a heterosexual and has mono”
Quellung test
Swelling
*test for meningitis
“Quellung is swelling”
Shick test
Diphtheria - infection of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat.
*Babe’s Earnst Bodies
“Dip” you “shick” and shave to look like a “ babe”
Weil Felix test
Rickettsia (rickets)
*tests for all rickets EXCEPT coxiella burnetti (Q fever)
“Felix” the cat chases “crickets”
Tzank test
Herpes (zoster, simplex, and varicella)
Tzank has a Z in it. I think of Zoster.
Fluorescent Antibody test
TB or syphilis
Active sputum culture
TB
*best test for TB because it gives immediate results
VDRL & Darkfield
Syphilis
*VDRL = venereal disease research lab
Tine test
TB
*AKA Mantoux test AKA Skin prick test
Ziehl Nielson Staining
Acid Fast Organisms
Hymenolepis nana
Diarrhea
*tapeworm
“Mom, nana has diarrhea!”
Taenia saginata
Uncooked beef
*tapeworm
“Cows have “saggy” utters”
Taenia solium
Uncooked pork
*tapeworm
“Pork has a lot of “sodium”
Diphyllobothrium latum
Fish
*tapeworm.
Salt water = yellow tail tuna, Fresh water = pacific salmon
Echinococcus granulosus
Dog/wolf feces
*tapeworm
Causes hydatid cysts in the liver and lungs
“Hey “dog,” stop “echin” your “cysts!”
Ascaris lumbriocides
Ascariasis
*roundworm. Colic pain. MC roundworm/infection worldwide! Oral-fecal rout
“Ass is round”
Wuchereria bancrofti
Filiariasis (elephantitis)
*round worm. Vector = mosquitos
Enterobius vermicularis
Pinworm
*roundworm. MC helminth worm in the US! Anal cellophane test.
Nector americanus
Hookworm
*roundworm. MC hookworm in the US! Spread by feces invaded soil (wear shoes to prevent)
Onchocerca volvulus
River blindness (in Africa) * roundworm. Vector = flies
Loa Loa
River eye worm AKA African eye worm
*roundworm. Vector = flies
“Look at “Lola” in the eyes”
Trichuris trichura
Weight loss
*roundworm. Vector = oral-fecal
“Weight loss is tricky tricky”
Trichonella spiralis
Dx on X-ray (especially in the gastroc)
*roundworm. Vector = raw pork
“Spiral ham”
Shistosoma japonicum
Swimmer’s itch
*fluke. MCC of death by helminth worm world wide! Vector = snail.
Paragonimus westermani
Affects lungs
*fluke. Vector = crayfish
“Pair” your “crayfish” with this “western” wine”
Yersinia pestis AKA Pasteurella pestis
Bubonic Plague AKA The Black Death
*airborne bacterial disease Vector = rat flea (xenopsylla cheopis). “Rats are xtra cheap”
“Yersinia” sounds like a “black” woman’s name.
Francisella tularensis
Tuleremia AKA Rabbit fever
*airborne bacterial disease.
Vector = rabbits, squirrels, and hunters
“The French rabbits smell tulips”
Clostridium botulinum
Floppy baby syndrome
*food borne bacterial disease.
Inhibits AcH. 1st symptom = diplopia, 2nd symptom = death. Most powerful neurotoxin.
“Don’t “flop your baby” in the “closet”
C. Jejuni (campylobacter)
Gastritis and diarrhea
*food borne bacterial disease.
MCC of diarrhea in combined populations world wide (reoviridae aka rotovirus is the mcc of diarrhea in children), and mcc of food poisoning. Blood and pus in stool.
“Jejuni” sounds like jejunum = stomach issues
Listeria monocytogens
Listeria
*food borne bacterial disease.
Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Found in deli meats and soft cheeses.
“Put deli meat and cheese on the grocery “list”
Salmonella entrides
Salmonella
*food borne bacterial disease
Fever starting 12-24 hours after ingestion.
Found in eggs and poultry
Staph aureus
Staph infection
*food borne bacterial disease
NO FEVER. Symptoms starting 2-4 hours after ingestion
Found in creams and custards.
“I “cream” when I see the “aurora” borealis”
Salmonella typhi
Typhoid
*food borne bacterial disease
Rose colored spots on abdomen. Hides in gallbladder and in Peyer’s patches in the ileum.
Peyer’s patches - small masses of lymph tissue in the small intestine (ileum).
“Salmon named Patches”
Brucella abortus
Brucellosis
*water borne bacterial disease
Causes random abortions in cattle. Found in H20 and MILK!
“Bruce the cow got an abortion”
Vibrio cholera AKA vibrio comma
Cholera (comma shaped)
*water borne bacterial disease
Vomiting and “rice water stools”
“Only vibrant rice is comma shaped”
Shigella
Shigella
*water borne bacterial disease
Dysentery (blood in stool). Found in H2O and SOIL!
“Aw shig!!! I’m bleeding out my ass!”
E. Coli
Traveler’s diarrhea
*water borne bacterial disease
Infant diarrhea AKA Montezuma’s revenge! E. Coli OH1527 = Hamburger’s Disease (fatal)
“I’m traveling to East Cali”
Bacillus antracis
Anthrax AKA “Woolsorter’s disease”
*soil borne bacterial disease
Gram + rod found in animals (sheep)
Clostridium tetani
Tetanus
*soil borne bacterial disease
Lockjaw aka trismus. Inhibits GABA and glycine (inhibitory neurotransmitters).
Clostridum perfingins
Gas gangrene
*soil borne bacterial disease
Borrelia burgorferi
Lyme’s disease
*spirochetes
Bull’s eye rash AKA Erythema chronicum migricans
Deer tick (Lxodes scapularis)
“Boring burger? Here’s a trick, try a lime!”
Borrelia recurrentis
Relapse fever
*spirochetes
Tics, lice, and rabbits. Fevers come and go (recurrent/relapse)
Treponema pallidum
Syphilis (4 types):
*spirochetes
Primary- hard, painless chancre
Secondary- condylomata (flat warts on vulva).
Latent- may or may not have symptoms
Tertiary- neurosyphilis. Argyll Robertson pupil, tabes dorsalis, Gummas
Treponema pertenue
Non-venereal syphilis (Yaws)
*spirochetes
What is the minor from of Legionere’e Disease?
Pontiac’s disease
*AKA Pontiac fever
What is the mc bacteria that cause infection in hospitals and locker rooms?
Staph aureus
The family “Actinomycetaceae,” are know to cause what type of granules?
Sulfur granule
*lesions in the mouth and gums
The MHC (major histocompatibility complex) is seen in which type of hypersensitivity?
IV
The C5b-C9 complement is know as…
Membrane attack complex AKA Terminal compliment complex
In order to be active, haptens must be attached to…
Protein
What is the only hypersensitivity rxn that does not require immunoglobulins?
IV (delayed type)
Microaerophilic microbes grow in what kind of culture?
“Candle Jar Culture”
i.e. high altitude plants
Sabouraud agar tests for…
Fungi
Guillian-Barre AKA?
Post-infectious polyradiculopathy
Serratia marcenscens will give what color pus?
Red
Which hepatitis is known to be self-limiting?
Hep A
Type I herpes simplex “hides” where?
Trigeminal ganglion AKA Gasserion
