Micro MedGems Flashcards
Leptopirosis transmission?
Rat urine
In immunocompetent patients, what is the typical presentation of listeriosis?
Gastroenteritis
Listeriosis = disseminated listeria monocytogenes infection
Organism causing lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
What organism is responsible for the sexually transmitted infection Chancroid, which causes multiple painful ulcers?
Haemophilus ducreyi
What is the name of the neurological sign of a pupil that accommodates, but does not react to light?
Argyll Robertson pupil
Commonly seen in neurosyphilis
What is the manifestation of leptospirosis?
Commonly seen in farmers (bacterial)
Kidney damage
Liver damage
What is the full scientific name of the organism responsible for syphillis?
Treponema pallidum
What is a Jarisch Herxheimer reaction?
Patients with spirocheates who have abx treatment (leptospirosis, borellia burgdorferi, syphilis)
- Fever
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Hypotension
What condition is a fetus at risk of if its mother is infected by Parvovirus B19?
Hydrops fetalis
What viral protein is responsible for the virulence and tropism of SARS-CoV-2?
Spike protein
A patient undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation requires a blood transfusion.
All blood products are routinely screened for HIV, Hepatitis B and C.
What other virus must be screened for in the donor blood products prior to giving it to this patient?
Cytomegalovirus
What is the host protein required for entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human cells?
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2
What test is typically used to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on a nasopharyngeal swab?
Polymerase chain reaction
What family of virus does dengue virus belong to?
Flaviviridae
What’s the most common cause of mild URTI?
Rhinovirus
Cervical lymphadenopathy and tonsilar exudate would indicate bacterial infection
Kaposi’s sarcoma is caused by what virus?
Human herpesvirus 8
What is the most common viral cause of meningitis?
Enteroviruses
What is the recommended antibiotic prophylaxis for bites by either cat, dog or human in a patient with no known allergies?
Co-amoxiclav
What class of antibiotics does azithromycin belong to?
Macrolides
What is the first line antimicrobial for treatment of Lyme Disease?
Doxycycline
First line abx for UTI in pregnancy 3rd term?
Cefalexin
What antibiotic would you prescribe first line for an infective exacerbation of COPD with a suspected bacterial etiology?
Amoxicillin
What is the first line antibiotic for the treatment of acute otitis media in a patient with no known allergies?
Amoxicillin
What is the first line topical antibiotic treatment of limited impetigo?
Fusidic acid
What antibiotic should be prescribed for a penicillin allergic, clinically stable patient with cellulitis?
Clarithromycin
What is the first line antibiotic for the treatment of sinusitis in a systemically well patient with no known allergies, assuming there has been no improvement of symptoms for at least 10 days?
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
(URTI suspected due to strep pyogenes (GAS) give penicillin V)
What is the first line management of UTI in non-pregnant women?
Nitrofurantoin
(trimethoprim if low risk of resistance)
What is the first line management for UTI in pregnant women 1st and 2nd trimester?
Nitrofurantoin
(second line amoxicillin)
When should nitrofurantoin be avoided in UTI?
3rd trimester of pregnancy
What should be given to pregnant women with UTI in 3rd trimester?
Cefalexin
What is the first line management UTI in children and young people? (>= 3 months)
Trimethoprim (if low risk of resistance) or nitrofurantoin
In what cell in the human body do Leishmania parasites multiply?
Macrophages
What fungal antigen may be detected in blood samples in a patient with invasive aspergillosis?
Galactomannan
What treatment is used for severe malarial infection?
IV artesunate
What is the scientific name of the pork tapeworm?
Taenia solium
What is the appropriate treatment for Visceral Leishmaniasis?
Liposomal amphotericin B
What is the treatment for human tapeworms in adults?
Praziquantel
What is the primary infective lesion produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis called in the lungs?
Ghons focus
