Micro Lec 2

Question 1

Algae

Answer 1

most organisms are photosynthetic. Consists of macroscopic and microscopic organisms.

Question 2

Red Algae

Answer 2

contain accessory pigments called phycobiliproteins which are pink and red. Cell walls contain distinct polysaccharides such as agar

Question 3

Stramenopiles

Answer 3

An example are diatoms in which the cell wall composed of silica and it is very unusual + distinctive shapes. Also Phytophthora infestans caused Irish potato famine in the 19th century.

Question 4

Green Algae

Answer 4

Examples are Desmids which are single-cell freshwater organisms known for their unusual symmetrical slopes.

Question 5

Fungi

Answer 5

Cannot phagocytose, most grow on decaying matter + most are obligate aerobes. Four main groups are Chytrids , Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes

Question 6

Chytrids

Answer 6

Live in aqueous + soil habitats

Question 7

Zygomycetes

Answer 7

live in soil and also known as molds.

Question 8

Ascomycetes

Answer 8

some produce fruiting bodies called mushrooms. Others are unicellular yeasts that live in high sugar habitats or within human/animal hosts.

Question 9

Basidiomycetes

Answer 9

Form most of the commonly observed mushrooms. Some plants are pathogens.

Question 10

Viruses

Answer 10

Contain nucleic acid either DNA or RNA, not both. Not affected by antibiotics. Each type of virus has a very specific host range which is very narrow. Spikes are over the viral surface. Capsid enclosed by envelope.

Question 11

Variations of the nucleic acid found in viruses

Answer 11

DNA or RNA. Single or double stranded. 1 large molecule or set of smaller molecules. Linear or circular. Large or Small. Packed inside capsid or integrated into capsids structure.

Question 12

Most common nucleocapsid morphologies

Answer 12

Cylindrical, Icosahedral (structure with 12 corners), or Binal (Both Cylindrical and Icosahedra)

Question 13

Viroids

Answer 13

Short pieces of naked RNA, no protein coat. RNA is circular and single-stranded, and does not code for protein. Can infect certain plants but can cause disease.

Question 14

Prions

Answer 14

contain no nucleic acid and consist of only protein. Derived from a normal protein found in the membrane of nerve and animal cells. Cause 9 different animal diseases all of which are neurological degenerative diseases of the CNS. Prions multiply by converting normal cellular protein into a pathogenic infectious protein.