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GI > MICRO: Lab > Flashcards

MICRO: Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Swarming is seen with what type of bugs?

A

proteus and morganella

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2
Q

What indicates fecal contamination of water?

A

presence of E. coli

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3
Q

What is the first step in evaluating contamination?

A

coliform count

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4
Q

How do you distinguish between E. coli and enterobacter/Klebsiella?

A

all are Lac+, so do an IMViC test

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5
Q

What is IMViC?

A

Indole production from tryptophan
Methyl red (large amount of acid from glucose)
Voges-Proskaur (acetylmethylcarbinol from glucose)
Citrate utilizaiton

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6
Q

What bacteria are IMViC ++–?

A

E coli

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7
Q

What bacteria are IMViC –++?

A

Enterobacter and Klebsiella

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8
Q

Which organisms do you specifically need to ask lab to culture?

A

Vibrios, Yersinia, and sometimes Campylobacter (bugs that compete poorly with normal gut flora on typical enteric media)

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9
Q

What bugs is MacConkey agar specific for? How does it do this?

A

Selective for Gram Negative, Kills off Gram Positive with bile salts and crystal violet

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10
Q

What is MacConkey agar used for?

A

permit the differentiation of lactose utilizing and lactose non-utilizing bacteria

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11
Q

What bacteria is lactose positive on MacConkey agar? What color?

A

E. coli (red/pink)

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12
Q

What bacteria are lactose negative on MacConkey agar? What color?

A

Salmonella and Shigella (white)

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13
Q

What is sorbitol MacConkey agar used for?

A

identificaiton of EHEC (most other E coli can ferment sorbitol while EHEC cannot)

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14
Q

True or false: fecal specimens are only cultured anaerobically.

A

FALSE: only cultures aerobically because strict anaerobes account for 95-99% of bacteria in a fecal specimen

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15
Q

Which 3 anaerobes DO cause infection in the GI tract?

A

C. perfringens
C. diff
C. botulinum

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16
Q

What is EMB agar selective for? How does it do this?

A

gram negative bacteria (kills off gram positive with eosin and methylene blue)

17
Q

What does E. coli look like on EMB? Why?

A

green colonies with metallic shene (strong lactose fermenter)

18
Q

What do non-lactose fermenters look like on EMB?

A

colorless colonies

19
Q

What is SS specific for, how does it do this?

A

Salmonella and shigella (high concentration of bile salts inhibits growth of gram positives and coliforms)

20
Q

How do you tell the difference between lactose fermenters and non-lactose fermenters on SS agar?

A

non-lactose fermenters are clear and lac+ colonies are pink

21
Q

What is KIA?

A

Kligler’s iron agar

22
Q

Waht 3 things are detected by KIA?

A

fermentation of glucose/lactose
H2S
Gas

23
Q

What does KIA look like if ONLY glucose is fermented?

A

slant turns red (alkaline) color

24
Q

What does KIA look like if lactose is fermented?

A

slant is yellow (acid)

25
Q

What does KIA butt look like if organism can ferment glucose or glucose and lactose?

A

yellow (acid)

26
Q

What does a KIA look like if H2S is produced?

A

black precipitate is formed

27
Q

What does a KIA from a non-fermenter (ex. Pseudomonas) look like?

A

red slant/red butt

no sugars fermented

28
Q

What does a KIA from shigella look like?

A

red slant/ yellow butt

glucose fermented but not lactose

29
Q

What does a KIA from salmonella look like?

A

red slant/ black butt with gas

glucose fermented but not lactose, H2S formed

30
Q

What does a KIA from E. Coli look like?

A

yellow slant/yellow butt and gas

lactose fermented

31
Q

What can the indole test used for?

A

differentiates between shigella (positive) and salmonella (negative)

32
Q

What is a positive urease agar look like?

A

red color on slant portion of agar

33
Q

Which bacteria will have a slide agglutination reaction?

A

salmonella or shigella (group B or C)

34
Q

What is the Kirby Bauer method?

A

way to test antimicrobial sensitivity

GI (21 decks)

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