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CRRAB FINAL REVIEW > Micro- Diebel > Flashcards

Micro- Diebel Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the difference between alpha, beta, and gamma hemolysis

A 
gamma= no hemolysis
Beta = will completely destroy RBCs
alpha = partial damages them
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2
Q

What organisms have B-hemolysis?

A

Staph

Strep pyogenes

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3
Q

What organism has alpha hemolysis?

A

Step viridans

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4
Q

How would you distinguish between the different kinds of strep?

A

ALL: Gram +, cooci, catalse -

S.mutans= alpha hemolytic, bacitracin resistant

S. pyogenes = B-hemolytic, bacitracin sensitive

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5
Q

Which of the strep species is bacitracin sensitive?

A

S. pyogenes

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6
Q

What virulence factor is CAR proteins associated with? what do they do?

A

Pericarditis
Myocarditis
Binding proteins (attachment)

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7
Q

What is the triad for RMSF?

A

Fever
Rash (hands and soles)
Headache

Will also see muscles aches, malasie

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8
Q

What organism causes RMSF?

A

Rickettsia Rickettsia

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9
Q

What is unique about rickettsia rickettsia?

A

Obligate intracellular parasite.
Needs to use host ATP
(Only other organism like this is clamydia)

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10
Q

What organism produces dextran inorder to make a glycocalyx?

A

Strep viridans

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11
Q

FimA

Gsp B

A

Strep vidirdans

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12
Q

FnbpA

A

Staph

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13
Q

M proteins

A

Found in strep pyogenes
Used to resist phagocytosis

Abs cross react w/meromyosin on heart and cause rheumatic heart disease

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14
Q

What kind of hypersensitivity is Abs cross reacting with M protein and meromyosin?

A

TYPE II HYPERSENSITIVITY

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15
Q

What does streptolysin O do?

A

Destroys RBCs

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16
Q

What does streptolysin S do?

A

Destroys WBCs

17
Q

What does streptokinase do?

A

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

18
Q

What does hyalouronidase do?

A

Breaks down connective tissue

19
Q

What are the virulence factors for rickettsia rickettsia?

A

OmpA & OmpB - attachment

T4SS - host cell entry

20
Q

What is the age range for acute rheumatic fever?

A

5-14 years old

21
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is osler’s nodes and roth spots?

A

Type III hypersensitivity

22
Q

What is the most common cause of Community-Acquired Native Valve Endocarditis?

A

Streptococci

23
Q

Most common cause of nosocomial native valve endocarditis?

A

Staph aureus

24
Q

Which staph species is coagulase negative?

A

Staph Epidermidis

25
Q

What disease is this? “chest pain which becomes worse when patient is swallowing or supine is the most common symptom.”

A

Pericarditis

26
Q

How does bacterial pericarditis differ from viral pericarditis?

A

more acute, severe and has fever and tachypnea

27
Q

Besides Coxsackie A, B, and echoviruses, what other organisms can cause Pericarditis? (5 more)

A 
Staph aureus
strep pneumo
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis 
Influenza virus
28
Q

Most likely causative agent of IV catheter-related infections?

A

staph aureus

29
Q

What is the predominant infectious agent during the initial year following prosthetic valve surgery?

A

Staph epidermidis

30
Q

What is the most likely organism to infect a prosthetic valve more than 1 year after the surgery?

A

Strep viridans

31
Q

What do you see clinically in a patient with valvular infection?

A

Fever as part of an associated endocarditis

Heart murmur

32
Q

After implantation of a pacemaker of defibrillator, what is the most common infection within 2 weeks of the implantation?

A

Staph aureus

33
Q

After pacemaker/defibrillator implantation, what is the most common infection 2 weeks-1 year after implantation?

A

Staph epidermidis

34
Q

One year after pacemaker/defibrillator implantation-what bug predominates infection?

A

Strep Viridans

35
Q

Besides staph aureus, staph epidermidis, and strep viridans, what other bug can cause infection after defibrillator or pacemaker implantation?

A

Enterococci species

36
Q

How long does it take the clinical signs of RMSF to appear after infection?

A

1-2 weeks

37
Q

In RMSF, what causes the petechial rash?

A

Rickettsia attach and are engulfed into epithelial cells–>multiply and spread to nearby cells–>replication casues RBC leakage

CRRAB FINAL REVIEW (12 decks)

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