micro, comp & memory Flashcards
The devices that provide the means for a computer to communicate with the user or other computers are referred to as:
CPU
ALU
I/O
none of the above
I/O
The software used to drive microprocessor-based systems is called:
assembly language
firmware
machine language code
BASIC interpreter instructions
assembly language
The circuits in the 8085A that provide the arithmetic and logic functions are called the:
CPU
ALU
I/O
none of the above
ALU
How many buses are connected as part of the 8085A microprocessor?
2
3
5
8
3
The ________ ensures that only one IC is active at a time to avoid a bus conflict caused by two ICs writing different data to the same bus.
control bus
control instructions
address decoder
CPU
address decoder
How many bits are used in the data bus?
7
8
9
16
8
The items that you can physically touch in a computer system are called:
software
firmware
hardware
none of the above
hardware
Single-bit indicators that may be set or cleared to show the results of logical or arithmetic operations are the:
flags
registers
monitors
decisions
flags
When referring to instruction words, a mnemonic is:
a short abbreviation for the operand address
a short abbreviation for the operation to be performed
a short abbreviation for the data word stored at the operand address
shorthand for machine language
a short abbreviation for the operation to be performed
The technique of assigning a memory address to each I/O device in the computer system is called:
memory-mapped I/O
ported I/O
dedicated I/O
wired I/O
memory-mapped I/O
When was the first 8-bit microprocessor introduced?
1969
1974
1979
1985
1974
What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an output port?
decoder
latch
tristate buffer
none of the above
latch
I/O mapped systems identify their input/output devices by giving them a(n) ________.
8-bit port number
16-bit port number
8-bit buffer number
8-bit instruction
8-bit port number
What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an input port?
decoder
latch
tristate buffer
none of the above
tristate buffer
The register in the 8085A that is used to keep track of the memory address of the next op-code to be run in the program is the:
stack pointer
program counter
instruction pointer
accumulator
program counter
All computer programs for a machine are called:
software
firmware
hardware
none of the above
software
The 8085A is a(n):
16-bit parallel CPU
8-bit serial CPU
8-bit parallel CPU
none of the above
8-bit parallel CPU
Because microprocessor CPUs do not understand mnemonics as they are, they have to be converted to ________.
hexadecimal machine code
binary machine code
assembly language
all of the above
binary machine code
A register in the microprocessor that keeps track of the answer or results of any arithmetic or logic operation is the:
stack pointer
program counter
instruction pointer
accumulator
accumulator
What is the difference between a mnemonic code and machine code?
There is no difference.
Machine codes are in binary, mnemonic codes are in shorthand English.
Machine codes are in shorthand English, mnemonic codes are in binary.
Machine codes are in binary, mnemonic codes are in shorthand English.
Which bus is a bidirectional bus?
address bus
data bus
address bus and data bus
none of the above
data bus
Which of the following buses is primarily used to carry signals that direct other ICs to find out what type of operation is being performed?
data bus
control bus
address bus
address decoder bus
control bus
What kind of computer program is used to convert mnemonic code to machine code?
debug
assembler
C++
Fortran
assembler
Which of the following are the three basic sections of a microprocessor unit?
operand, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
control and timing, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
control and timing, register, and memory
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU), memory, and input/output
control and timing, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
Which of the following is not a basic element within the microprocessor?
Microcontroller
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Register array
Control unit
Microcontroller
Which method bypasses the CPU for certain types of data transfer?
Software interrupts
Interrupt-driven I/O
Polled I/O
Direct memory access (DMA)
Direct memory access (DMA)
Which of the following is not an enhancement to the Pentium that was unavailable in the 8086/8088?
“Pipelined” architecture
Expansion of cache memory
Inclusion of an internal math coprocessor
Data/address line multiplexing
Data/address line multiplexing
Which bus is bidirectional?
Address bus
Control bus
Data bus
None of the above
Data bus
DMA is particularly suited for data transfer between the ________.
disk drive and CPU
disk drive and RAM
disk drive and ROM
disk drive and I/O
disk drive and RAM
The first microprocessor had a(n)________.
1-bit data bus
2-bit data bus
4-bit data bus
8-bit data bus
4-bit data bus
Which microprocessor has multiplexed data and address lines?
8086/8088
80286
80386
Pentium
8086/8088
Which is not an operand?
Variable
Register
Memory location
Assembler
Assembler
Which is not part of the execution unit (EU)?
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Clock
General registers
Flags
Clock
A 20-bit address bus can locate ________.
1,048,576 locations
2,097,152 locations
4,194,304 locations
8,388,608 locations
1,048,576 locations
What is occurring when two or more sources of data attempt to use the same bus?
Bus contention
Direct memory access
Bus interruption
PPI
Bus contention
Which of the following is not a jump instruction?
JB (jump back)
JA (jump above)
JO (jump if overflow)
JMP (unconditional jump)
JB (jump back)
Which of the following was not a design improvement for the 8086/8088 over the 8085?
Execution unit (EU)
16-bit data bus
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Bus interface unit (BIU)
Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Polled I/O works best when ________.
there are no priority considerations
priority considerations are frequent
the polling rate exceeds 1000 s
the polling rate is below 1000 s
there are no priority considerations
Which of the following is not an arithmetic instruction?
INC (increment)
CMP (compare)
DEC (decrement)
ROL (rotate left)
ROL (rotate left)
During a read operation the CPU fetches ________.
a program instruction
another address
data itself
all of the above
all of the above
The first Intel microprocessor to contain on-board cache memory was the ________.
80386
80486
Pentium
Pentium Pro
80486
Which of the following is not an 8086/8088 general-purpose register?
Code segment (CS)
Data segment (DS)
Stack segment (SS)
Address segment (AS)
Address segment (AS)
Which of the following is not a computer bus?
Data bus
Control bus
Timer bus
Address bus
Timer bus
With interrupt-driven I/O, if two or more devices request service at the same time, ________.
the device closest to the CPU gets priority
the device that is fastest gets priority
the device assigned the highest priority is serviced first
the system is likely to crash
the device that is fastest gets priority
The Pentium can address ________.
1 MB
1 GB
2 GB
4 GB
4Gb
A port can be ________.
strictly for input
strictly for output
bidirectional
all of the above
bidirectional
Which of the following is not a computer functional block?
Analog-to-digital converter
Central-processing unit
Memory
Input/output ports
Analog-to-digital converter
The Pentium microprocessor has a data bus of ________.
16 bits
32 bits
64 bits
128 bits
64 bits
The process of jointly establishing communication is called ________.
DMA
bidirectional addressing
multiplexing
handshaking
handshaking
The internal RAM memory of the 8051 is:
32 bytes
64 bytes
128 bytes
256 bytes
128 bytes
The 8051 has ________ 16-bit counter/timers.
1
2
3
4
2
The 8051 can handle ________ interrupt sources.
3
4
5
6
5
When the 8051 is reset and the EA’ line is HIGH, the program counter points to the first program instruction in the:
internal code memory
external code memory
internal data memory
external data memory
internal code memory
An alternate function of port pin P3.4 in the 8051 is:
Timer 0
Timer 1
interrupt 0
interrupt 1
Timer 0
The I/O ports that are used as address and data for external memory are:
ports 1 and 2
ports 1 and 3
ports 0 and 2
ports 0 and 3
ports 0 and 2
Microcontrollers often have:
CPUs
RAM
ROM
all of the above
all of the above
The 8051 has ________ parallel I/O ports.
2
3
4
5
4
The total external data memory that can be interfaced to the 8051 is:
32K
64K
128K
256K
64K
Bit-addressable memory locations are:
10H through 1FH
20H through 2FH
30H through 3FH
40H through 4FH
20H through 2FH
The 8-bit address bus allows access to an address range of:
0000 to FFFFH
000 to FFFH
00 to FFH
0 to FH
00 to FFH