Micro 4 (Test 1) Flashcards
Bacterial DNA is…
double stranded and circular
The _____ is the current location of the bacterial DNA
nucleoid
_____ are broken bits of DNA separate from the nucleoid and float through the protoplasm of a bacterial cell.
plasmids
Bubbles (not membrane bound) of nitrogen and carbon dioxide that float through the protoplasm are referred to as _____ _____.
gas vacuoles
_____ combines with mRNA to synthesize proteins.
ribosomes
Ribosomes are not considered organelles because they are not _____ bound.
membrane
_____ are large floating masses of nutrients or waste products in the protoplasm.
inclusion bodies
Groups of three or more ribosomes are called _____
polysomes
TRUE OR FALSE: A cell wall is not alive but is needed for reproduction.
TRUE
An incomplete destruction of the cell wall is called _____
protoplast
A _____ culture contains only one species of bacteria.
pure
_____ is a very strong binding chemical found in spores that allows them to survive harsh conditions.
diplionic acid
A _____ culture contains one or more unintentional species of bacteria
contaminated
A _____ culture is the presence of two or more intentionally added species of bacteria
mixed
_____ is the process through which the cytoplasm breaks through the cell membrane and the cell then dies
lysis
_____ spores are found at either end of a bacterium
terminal
_____ spores are found in the exact middle of a cell
central
_____ spores are located any place between the very end and the exact middle of a cell.
subterminal
TRUE OR FALSE: Bleach, iodine, and alcohol can destroy a spore
FALSE (burning destroys spores)
What two types of bacteria have the ability to produce spores?
gram (+) bascilli and sparilli
The cell wall is made of a sugar of carbohydrates called _____
glycocolyx
The molecules that hold together the glycocolyx of the cell wall are _____, _____, and _____
teichoir acid, muramic acid, diaminopimelic acid
TRUE OR FALSE: Bacteria needs to be stained in order to be visible
TRUE
The incubation temperature at which they grow best is ____ degrees
37
A bacterial culture on a microscope slide that has been heat fixed is called a
smear
Material upon which bacteria grow and extract nutrients is called a
culture medium
Place in the correct sequential order the steps of staining bacteria:
a) microscopic examination b) production of a smear c) application of a dye
- Production of a smear
- Application of a dye
- Microscopic examination
The application of only one dye to a smear for a single color contrast testing for: the presence of bacteria, bacterial morphology, reproductive pattern
simple stain
The application of two or more dyes to the smaple in order to distinguish different classes/categories of bacteria
differential stains
The application of a combination of special dyes, in special ways to order to accent a particular item on/in a cell
specialized stain
