Micro 16 (FINAL) Flashcards
Chemicals that are changed by chemical reactions are called _____
Reactants
The _____ are the chemicals into which the chemicals will be changed.
products
_____ is the breakdown of large chemicals into smaller ones that _____ energy.
Catabolism….. release
_____ is the build-up of larger molecules from smaller ones that _____ energy.
anabolism ….. store
An _____ is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions.
enzyme
_____ _____ is the amount of additional heat or light that must be provided to a chemical reaction that allows enough energy so the reactants can meet.
activation energy
The chemical bonds that hold amino acids together are called _____
peptide
_____ are longs strings of sugar molecules that are held together by ____ bonds.
carbohydrates….. gylcoside
All biochemical reactions require _____ and _____
H2O and enzymes
The enzyme functions to _____ the activation energy for a biochemical reaction to occur faster.
lower
In order for bacteria to be able to extract glucose from carbohydrates, they must have the ability to produce _____/_____
amylace/carbase
_____ removes amino groups from proteins, destroying their function.
deaminase
_____ is the only nutrients that bacteria can use.
Glucose
A _____ in a non-protein substance that speeds up a chemical reaction.
catalyst
_____ is a non-nutrient for most bacteria.
water
The goal of metabolism is to convert nutrients into _____/ATP
ADP
Gylcolysis Embden-Myerhoff cycle:
Does not require _____ (anaerobic)
Produces _____ on its own
Occurs in the _____
oxygen
pyruvate
cytoplasm
Krebs cycle/Citric acid cycle:
Occurs in the _____
Produces _____, _____, _____ & _____
NADH, FADH, ATP, CO2
In the electron transport system, each NADH2, yields ___ ATP and each FADH2 yields __ ATP
3, 2
One glucose molecule yields ___ pyruvate after gylcolysis.
2
If o2 is not present, then fermentation occurs and _____ _____ is produced.
ethyl alchohal
Identify the corresponding enzymes needed to breakdown the nutrient: Maltose \_\_\_\_\_ Sucrose \_\_\_\_\_ lactase \_\_\_\_\_ fructose \_\_\_\_\_ ribose\_\_\_\_\_
Maltose: Maltase Sucrose: Sucrase Lactose: Lactase Fructose: Fructase Ribose: Ribase
NADH stands for ______ and FADH stands for_____
Nicotine Adenine Dinucleotide
Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide
In the Electron Transport System, for every NADH, _____ ATP are formed and for every FADH _____ ATP are formed
3, 2
