Micro Flashcards
Order and times of gram stain reagents
- Crystal Violet- 1min.
- Gram’s Iodine- 1min.
- Decolorizer- Until clear
- Safranin- 1min.
What color do Gram Positive bacteria stain? And why?
Purple
The thin lipid layer is effected by the decolorizer and the pink washes away
What color do Gram Negative bacteria stain?
Pink
What 2 species are very susceptible to Tetanus and should be immunized
Humans & Horses
The Coggin’s Test is used to diagnose ___
EIA (Equine Infectious Anemia)
What is used for a Catalase Test?
Hydrogen Peroxide
A positive Catalase Test has what reaction? Meaning it is _____
Bubbles Staphylococcus
A negative Catalase Test has what reaction? Meaning it is _____
None Streptococcus
A positive Coagulase test will have what reaction? Meaning it is ____
Plasma will clot Pathogenic Staphylococcus
A Coagulase test is done on which bacteria?
Gram pos. cocci that have tested positive on the Catalase test
A negative Coagulase test will have what reaction? Meaning it is ____
No change Nonpathogenic Staphylococcus
What is Beta hemolysis? What bacteria are indicated by this reaction?
Complete lysis of RBC’s in blood agar Pathogenic Streptococcus
What is Alpha hemolysis? What 4 types of bacteria are indicated by this reaction?
Incomplete lysis of RBC’s in blood agar Strep.Pneumoniae Strep.Suis Strep.Bovis Strep.Equis
What is Gamma hemolysis?
No lysis of RBC’s in blood agar
MaConkeys agar selects for the growth of ____ and differentiates between ____ and ____
GNRODs Lactose and Non-Lactose fermenters Lactose= bright pink Non-Lactose= colorless
What is FIV and what causes it?
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus
Retroviridae- Lentevirus
Biting is the most common means of transmission it is frequently seen in aggressive, free-roaming, male cats
Pregnant women should avoid cleaning litter boxes due to ____
Toxoplasmosis gondi
Common name for the yeast that causes otitis in dogs?
Malassezia
What is equine strangles caused by?
Streptococcus equi
What causes circling disease?
Listeria monocytogenes
What causes Lyme disease?
a Spirochete-Borrelia burgdorferi Transmitted by tick
What causes Cat Scratch Disease?
Bartonella henselae
What causes Rocky Mountain Spotted fever?
Rickettsia ricketsii
What are the 2 types of Gram Pos. bacteria?
Staphylococcus Streptococcus
What are the 5 small Gram Pos. rods?
Corneybacterium
Listeria
Erysipelothrix
Arcanobacterium
Rhodococcus (more important in large animals)
What are the 2 large Gram Pos. rods?
Bacillus
Clostridium
What are the 4 branching Gram Pos. rods?
Actinomyces
Nocardia
Dermatophilus
Streptomyces
What is the Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test?
Test used to test certain bacteria’s resistance to certain types of antibiotics Area around disc is measured in mm Resistant= no clearing Intermediate= some clearing may or may not work Susceptible= clearing around disc- drug should work
What are 4 common bacteria known to cause mastitis?
Staph. aureus Staph. Agalactica E. cli Mycoplasma bovis
How is Malassezia diagnosed?
Ear swab Roll on slide Heat fix Stain with Wright’s Look for peanut men
A. GNRODs
B. GPRODs
C.GNCocci
D.GPCocci
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GPRODs
A. GNRODs
B. GPRODs
C.GNCocci
D.GPCocci
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GNRODs
A. GNRODs
B. GPRODs
C.GNCocci
D.GPCocci
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GPCocci
A. GNRODs
B. GPRODs
C.GNCocci
D.GPCocci
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GPCocci
ID
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Giardia Trophozyte
ID
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Otodectes (Ear Mite)
ID
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Microsporum Canis
(Ringworm)
ID
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Clostridium Perfringes
ID
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Campylobacter
ID
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Coccidia Isospora
ID
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Malassezia (Yeast)
Rhodococcus Equi
Bronchopneumonia in foals
Small Gram pos. Rods
Abscess in lungs
Bacillus Anthracis
Anthrax
Large Gram + Rod
Acquired by inhaling spores
Clostridium Perfringes
Clostridial enterotoxemia
Large Gram + Rods
Safety pins
Yersinia pestis
Gram - Rod
Causes the plague
Host= Rodents (prarie dogs)
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Kennel Cough
non-enteric Gram - Rod
Campylobacter
Gram - curved Rods
Usually chain linked
Scours in cattle
Wet tail in hamsters
Mycobacterium
Tuberculosis
Chlamydophila psittaci
Pisttacosis
“Parrot fever”
Actinomyces Bovis
Lumpy Jaw
Branching Gram + Rod
Abscesses around head/neck region
Clostridium Haemolyticum
Red Water Disease
Large Gram + Rod
Dark red urine
Dermatophilus Congolensis
Rain Rot
Branching Gram + Rod
Likes humidity
Localized dermatitis
Lesions & scabs
Streptococcus Equi
Equine Strangles
Gram + Cocci
Beta hemolysis
Enlarged lymphnodes
Streptococcus Agalactae
Bovine Mastitis
Gram + Cocci
Beta
Staph Aureus
MRSA
Gram + cocci
MRSA
Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
Corynebacterium pseduotuberculosis
Pigeon Fever
Small Gram + Rods
Vector= flies
Listeria monocytogenes
Circling dz.
Small Gram + Rod
Acquired from contaminated food
Clostridium botulinum
Limberneck in birds
Shaker foal in horses
Large Gram + Rod
Clostridium tetani
Tetanus/ Lock jaw
Large Gram + Rod
Humans and horses
enther through puncture wound
Clostridium Chauvoei
Black Leg
Large Gram + Rod
Liver necrosis
Staph Hyicus
Greasy pig disease
Gram + Cocci
Bartonella henselae
Cat Scratch Disease
Vector= fleas
Rickettsia rickettsii
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Vector= tick
What is the #1 cause of ringworm in dogs & cats?
How do you diagnose?
Microsporum Canis
Woods lamp
Rhabdo viridae
Rabies
Retro viridae
FeLV
Malassezia pachydermatis
Otitis
Dermatitis
Mycoplasma haemofelis
Feline Infectious Anemia
Vector= Ticks/Fleas
Lives on RBCs
EEE
Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis
E.coli is a Gram ____ Rod that commonly causes ____.
Negative
Cystitis
Common name for Rhipicephalus sanguineus?
Brown Dog tick
How does yeast reproduce?
By budding