Michel, Mémoires

Question 1

What are the main themes discussed in Louise Michel’s “Mémoires”?

Answer 1

The main themes include equality (found in the commune), freedom, progress, identity (the role of women in the revolution), social justice, and violence.

Question 2

According to Louise Michel, why does peaceful protest not work, and what does she consider necessary?

Answer 2

Peaceful protest is deemed ineffective by Louise Michel, who considers violence necessary. She states, “Voulant laisser à la manifestation ce caractère pacifique qui finit toujours par l’écrasement de la foule, ceux qui étaient armés s’éloignèrent” (152).

Question 3

What does Louise Michel believe will inevitably happen in the revolution?

Answer 3

Louise Michel believes that the current struggle can only result in the triumph of the popular cause. She asserts, “La lutte actuelle ne peut avoir pour issue que triomphe de la cause populaire” (358).

Question 4

What does the term “fantasmagorie” mean in the context of Louise Michel’s ideas?

Answer 4

In Louise Michel’s perspective, “fantasmagorie” suggests that social classes are mere illusions. She expresses this idea with, “Quelle fantasmagorie que l’influence des noms!” (140), emphasizing the superficial influence and the living within an optical image.

Question 5

How does Louise Michel view the division between Paris and the province during the revolution?

Answer 5

Louise Michel observes a division, considering the Bretons as fanatics rather than revolutionaries. She notes the moral superiority accorded to Parisians and the distinction between them and those from the province.

Question 6

What role does Louise Michel advocate for women in the commune, and how does she perceive the support of men?

Answer 6

Louise Michel advocates that women must rise to advocate for freedom, stating, “On ne s’inquiétait guère à quel sexe on appartenait pour faire son devoir. Cette bette de question était fini” (154). She expresses skepticism about men truly helping, mentioning, “Malgré eux et par la force de la coutume et des vieux préjugés, les hommes auraient l’air de nous aider, mais se contenteraient toujours de l’air” (143).

Question 7

According to Louise Michel, what approach does she suggest for revolution, and why?

Answer 7

Louise Michel proposes a revolution by a small group rather than a universal revolution by the entire people. The emphasis is on the efficacy of a focused and determined group rather than a broader, universal movement.