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Animal Tech IV - Pocket Pets > Mice > Flashcards

Mice Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific name for mice

A

Mus musculus

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2
Q

Order of mice

A

Rodentia

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3
Q

Family of mice

A

Muridae

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4
Q

Most common color of mice in research

A

Albino

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5
Q

4 Strains of mice genetics

A
  1. Outbred
  2. Inbred (isogenic)
  3. Congenic
  4. Transgenic
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6
Q

Result from random mating to achieve genetic variations to represent the diversity of human population

A

Outbred strain

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7
Q

Result of brother/sister, father/daughter, mother/son matings for a minimum of 20 consecutive generations

A

Inbred strain

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8
Q

Animals are genetically different at a specific locus

A

Congenic strain

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9
Q

The result of microinjection of DNA into mouse eggs for the production of very specific disease models

A

Transgenic strains

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10
Q

2 Most common strain of mice used in research

A

BALB/c and C57BL

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11
Q

Used in research more frequently because they are nicer

A

BALB/c

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12
Q

5 ecological types of mice

A
  1. Germ-free/axenic
  2. Gnotobiotic
  3. Specific pathogen free
  4. Conventional
  5. Sentinel animals
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13
Q

Ecological type that is free of ALL detectable microflora that must be housed in special circumstances and diets
NO MICROFLORA

A

Germ-free/axenic

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14
Q

Ecological type that is Associated known microflora

A

Gnotobiotic

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15
Q

Ecological type that is free of specific pathogens and has normal flora
Most common used in research

A

Specific pathogen free

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16
Q

Ecological type that is animals with undefined microflora and housed with no special precautions
Mostly pet store animals

A

Conventional

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17
Q

Ecological type of healthy animals placed in a room with other animals as a means of detecting the presence of a dz
AKA “surveillance animals”

A

Sentinel animals

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18
Q

Why are mice used more than any other animals in research? (7)

A
  1. Short life span
  2. Short gestation
  3. Lg. litter sizes
  4. Great genetic diversity
  5. Inexpensive
  6. Easy to maintain
  7. Good models for toxicity tests
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19
Q

Have a tendency to fight when they hit puberty, so should be housed alone

A

Males

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20
Q

When a dominant mouse in a group will remove the facial hair from all other mice in the cage

A

Barbering

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21
Q

Nice are active at night, so they are considered

A

Nocturnal

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22
Q

Most common cage type used

A

Shoe box cage

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23
Q

A cotton square mice can tear apart to keep them mentally stimulated and they can use as a nest

A

Nestlet

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24
Q

Mice have highly developed senses of

A

Smell and hearing

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25
Q

A mouse’s sense of _____ is not highly developed

A

Sight

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26
Q

Average life span of a mouse

A

1-3 yrs

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27
Q

The average body temp of a mouse

A

98-101 degrees F

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28
Q

Average HR of a mouse

A

300-750 BPM

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29
Q

Average RR for a mouse

A

70-120 RPM

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30
Q

Average gestation of a mouse

A

19-21 days

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31
Q

Average weaning age of young mice

A

21-28 days

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32
Q

How to properly restrain a mouse

A

Lift by the base of the tail and do a full body scruff

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33
Q

When picking a mouse up too far towards to end of the tail, it may result in this type of injury

A

Degloving

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34
Q

Rodent teeth are considered

A

Hypsodontic

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35
Q

The color that rodent teeth turn when they age

A

Yellow/orange

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36
Q

________ may occur, so clipping/cutting the teeth may be necessary

A

Malocclusion

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37
Q

2 functions of a mouse’s tail

A

Balance and thermoregulation

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38
Q

2( I 1/1, C 0/0, P 0/0, M 3/3)

A

Rodent dental formula

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39
Q

Most common neoplasia seen in mice

A

Mammary tumors

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40
Q

How many mammary glands do mice have?

A

5

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41
Q

________ are more prominent in females

A

Nipples

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42
Q

Makes have _________ _________ to retract their testicles. They must be closed during neutering.

A

Inguinal canals

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43
Q

Rodent teeth are __________, meaning they continuously grow.

A

hypsodontic/open rooted

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44
Q

2(I 1/1, C 0/0, P 0/0, M 3/3)

A

Rodent dentistry formula

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45
Q

May prevent normal wear on teeth, so they should be clipped or cut

A

Malocclusions

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46
Q

The mouse’s 2 tail functions

A
  1. Balance

2. Thermoregulation

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47
Q

Mice lack these glands throughout their bodies

A

sweat

48
Q

The most common type of neoplasia in mice

A

mammary tumors

49
Q

How many mammary glands do mice have?

A

5

50
Q

These are more prominent in females than males

A

nipples

51
Q

Males have open ________ _________ and they must be closed when they are neutered to prevent hernias

A

inguinal canals

52
Q

Male mice have this bone

A

os penis

53
Q

The predominant WBC in mice

A

lymphocytes

54
Q

Mouse urine has

A

high protein content

55
Q

The lacrimal gland behind the eyes that produces red tears

A

Harderian glands

56
Q

Substance that makes mice tears red

A

porphyrin

57
Q

A sign of pain, stress, or illness

A

chromodacryorrhea

58
Q

The distance between the anus and genitals that helps determine the sex of mice

A

Anogenital distance

59
Q

The anogenital distance is longer in

A

Males

60
Q

Female mice’s estrous cycles are

A

polyestrus

61
Q

What kind of ovulators are mice?

A

Spontaneous ovulators

62
Q

Female mice produce this 12-36 hours after copulation

A

copulatory plug

63
Q

Female mice are ready to breed again ____ postpartum

A

24 hrs

64
Q

Pups are usually born at

A

night

65
Q

Mice cages should be cleaned and food/water should be placed __ _____ prior to partuition

A

one week

66
Q

Average litter size

A

10-12 pups

67
Q

Baby mice are born _______ and _______

A

naked, blind

68
Q

When a group of female mice are exposed to a male (or the scent of a male), the majority will be in estrus by the third night

A

Whitten Effect

69
Q

A pregnant female will return to estrus when exposed to a strange male, or the scent of a strange male
Within 48 hrs of copulation

A

Bruce effect

70
Q

If a female is bred during postpartum estrus, she will have an extended gestation

A

Lee Boot effect

71
Q

Mice do this to recycle B vitamins that are produced by colonic bacteria

A

coprophagy

72
Q

Two parts of the mouse stomach

A

glandular and aglandular

73
Q

Mice are unable to regurgitate and _______

A

vomit

74
Q

Mice have a lot of ______ fat between the shoulders and around the kidney

A

brown

75
Q

Rodents have a large ________ within their digestive tract

A

cecum

76
Q

Allows food to pass to stomach and does not allow vomiting

A

Limiting ridge

77
Q

Supplies 10x the amount of energy than white fat

A

Brown fat

78
Q

Energy is stored as _______ in brown fat

A

glycogen

79
Q

Most common way to identify mice in a research setting

A

Notching and punching

80
Q

This form of identification should have the PI name and contact info, strain, DOB, biohazard info, and # of mice

A

Cage cards

81
Q

After a cardiac puncture blood draw, the mouse will have to be

A

euthanized

82
Q

These 3 methods of blood sampling can be done when the mouse is awake

A
  1. Saphenous
  2. Lateral tail vein
  3. Submandibular
83
Q

These 2 blood sampling methods that need to be done when the animal is sedated

A
  1. Retro-orbital

2. Cardiac puncture

84
Q

Total blood volume calc.

A

7% x body wt. in g

85
Q

How much blood can be drawn from a mouse every 2-3 weeks?

A

Between 10%-15% of total blood volume

86
Q

Materials needed to do an injection

A
  1. 23-25g needles
  2. tuberculin syringe
  3. alcohol swabs
87
Q

To give an IV in the lateral tail vein, it is recommended that you

A

warm the tail

88
Q

How much can be given in a IM inj.?

A

0.05 ml/per site

89
Q

This route allows for higher volumes of fluid injections

Animal’s head should be tilted lower than the rest of the body to move abdominal organs

A

IP

90
Q

Can receive 2-3 ml of fluid with this route

A

SQ

91
Q

Max dosing volume for an IP injection

A

2.0

92
Q

Max dosing volume for a SQ injection

A

2.5

93
Q

Max dosing volume for an IM injection

A

0.05/site

94
Q

Max dosing volume for IV injection

A

0.125

95
Q

Max dosing volume for PO

A

1.0

96
Q

The two common analgesics used in mice

A

Butorphanol and Buponorphine

97
Q

Self mutilation is often a sign of

A

pain

98
Q

Respiratory dz with morbidity close to 100%
May see with pneumonia as well
May be seen in young weanlings or in stressed mice
Rough hair coat, hunched posture, dyspnea, and chattering are some C/S

A

Sendai virus

99
Q

Most common respiratory dz in mice and rats
Bacteria can cause chronic respiratory dz
Rhinitis, head tilting is seen as C/S
Treated with antibiotics in water

A

Mycoplasma pulmonis

Pasteurella pneumotropica

100
Q

Caused by the corona virus
Common in immunosuppressed mice
Dehydration, Wt. loss, diarrhea and sudden death are C/S
NEED TO CONTROL WITHIN A COLONY because it is highly contagious and high mortality rates

A

MHV (mouse hepatitis virus)

101
Q

Caused by corona virus that causes the swelling of lymph nodes and harderian glands
Animal may have ocular lesions and become photophobic

A

Sialodacryodentitis

102
Q

Common in wild mice that is passed by arthropods
Zoonotic
C/S: hunched posture, photophobia, convulsions
Can cause meningitis and flu like symptoms in humans
Transmitted through bites, urine, and infectious tissue

A

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis (LCM)

103
Q

Caused by rotavirus
Common in mice less than 2 weeks of age
C/S: soft, yellow feces

A

Epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM)

104
Q

Caused by Clostridium or bacillus piliformis bacterium—with clostridium being more common
Causes wt. loss. rough hair coat, listlessness, and sudden death
Due to poor housing
High morbidity and mortality

A

Tyzzer’s Dz

105
Q

Mouse parvo
Two main types: MPV type 1 and Mouse Minute Virus (MMV)
Targets intestinal and lymphoid tissue—usually subclinical
Causes immune dysfunction

A

Mouse Parvoviruses

106
Q

2 common endo/ectoparasites

A
  1. Pinworms

2. Mites

107
Q

Cellophane tape test is used to diagnose this

A

Pinworms

108
Q

Common antihelminitic used for treatment of pinworms and mites

A

Ivermectin

109
Q

2 mite species that infect mice

A
  1. Myobia musculi

2. Myocoptes musculinus

110
Q

Caused by having wet skin for too long

A

Moist dermatitis

111
Q

A mouse’s diet classifies it as a

A

omnivore

112
Q

Preferred diet for mice

A

pelleted

113
Q

Most common euthanasia method in research

A

Overdose of CO2

114
Q

CO2 overdose sometimes will not be successful in mice under

A

16 wks of age

115
Q

Injectable drug used with euthanasia in vet offices

A

Barbituate

Animal Tech IV - Pocket Pets (8 decks)

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