MGT 350w part 1 Flashcards

Question

As part of a plan to emphasize a dynamic corporate culture at the Gagnier and Morris advertising company, Beth has done away with traditional cubicles and replaced them with open-area, nonterritorial workspaces, or “hot desks.” Nonterritorial offices Emphasis on Ethics Heightened global competition

Answer 1

Nonterritorial offices

Answer 2

Heightened global competition As American companies move beyond domestic markets, it is becoming more important to develop intercultural communication skills. Other cultures often have different views of how business is conducted, and successful cross-cultural communications requires not just knowledge of customs, but also intercultural sensitivity, flexibility and patience.

Answer 3

clear and concisely written Today’s fast-paced, technologically enhanced Information Age workplace requires messages to be clear and concisely written.

Answer 4

Linda's e-mail address is unprofessional. Using e-mail addresses that do not promote a professional image undermines your image and that of your company. Do not use e-mail addresses that are cute, suggestive, or similar to chatroom user names.

Answer 5

Unprofessional

Answer 6

Self-directed work groups and virtual teams Many companies are creating cross-functional teams to empower employees and boost involvement in decision making.

Answer 7

Nonterritorial offices Modern technology creates new work environments (for example, people can telecommute).

Answer 8

Answer: C: Self-directed work groups and virtual teams. Explanation: SDWT (Self-directed work groups and virtual teams) are the groups in offices who possess different skills, and even aren't working on the same project which that they don't have same purpose as you have but still they are in your team. Since, there is not any dedicated team for my project, I am just moving into other teams for every new project I am going into self-directed work groups and virtual teams. Increasingly, organizations are capitalizing on knowledge and skill resources by forming project-based teams. These teams are asked to solve a particular problem and then disbanded once they have accomplished their objectives.

Answer 9

Renewed emphasis on ethics Following the banking crisis and other abuses by the finance sector, businesses are eager to regain public trust by building ethical environments. This includes creating and adhering to ethical mission statements.

Answer 10

Renewed emphasis on ethics Highly public meltdowns of companies like Enron and Worldcom, combined with the housing market and credit market crash of 2008 and the resulting recession, were largely blamed on corporate greed, irresponsibility, and setting profits above all else. The public has taken notice, and, as a result, there has been a renewed emphasis on ethics in the business world. With the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the U.S. government requires higher levels of accountability. The ability to create concise messages highlighting ethical responsibility is now more valuable than ever in the workplace.

Answer 11

We respond unfavorably to unfamiliar jargon and “charged” words. Language problems become listening barriers when we respond unfavorably to unfamiliar jargon and “charged” words.

Answer 12

We don’t listen due to our reaction to unusual clothes, speech, or mannerisms. Nonverbal distractions become listening barriers when we don’t listen due to our reaction to unusual clothes, speech, or mannerisms.

Answer 13

controlling your surrounding When possible, remove competing sounds and establish a quiet place for listening.

Answer 14

concentrate on what speaker are saying The best way to improve your listening skills is to stop talking and let others explain their views.

Answer 15

Psychological barriers Thought speed In meetings, Diane is encountering psychological barriers—she has preconceived notions of the qualifications of her coworkers and dwells on past situations, not on current issues. In addition, she is letting thought speed interfere with her listening ability. hold her fire, capitalize on lag time Establish a receptive mind-set Diane can improve her listening and productivity by establishing a receptive mind-set to foster positive communication, by capitalizing on lag time to review main points, and by holding her fire, or forcing herself to listen to the speaker’s entire argument.

Answer 16

Physical barriers. You cannot listen if you cannot hear what is being said. Physical impediments include hearing disabilities, poor acoustics, and noisy surroundings. It is also difficult to listen if you are ill, tired, or uncomfortable. Psychological barriers. Everyone brings to the communication process a unique set of cultural, ethical, and personal values. Each of us has an idea of what is right and what is important. If other ideas run counter to our preconceived thoughts, we tend to tune out speakers and thus fail to receive their messages. Language problems. Unfamiliar words can destroy the communication process because they lack meaning for the receiver. In addition, emotion-laden, or charged, words can adversely affect listening. If the mention of words such as bankruptcy or real estate meltdown has an intense emotional impact, a listener may be unable to focus on the words that follow. Nonverbal distractions. Many of us find it hard to listen if a speaker is different from what we view as normal. Unusual clothing or speech mannerisms, body twitches, or a radical hairstyle can cause enough distraction to prevent us from hearing what the speaker has to say. Thought speed. Because we can process thoughts at least three times faster than speakers can say them, we can become bored and allow our minds to wander. Faking attention. Most of us have learned to look as if we are listening even when we are not. Such behavior was perhaps necessary as part of our socialization. Faked attention, however, seriously threatens effective listening because it encourages the mind to engage in flights of unchecked fancy. Those who fake attention often find it hard to concentrate even when they want to. Grandstanding. Would you rather talk or listen? Naturally, most of us would rather talk. Because our own experiences and thoughts are most important to us, we often want to grab the limelight in conversations. We may fail to listen carefully when we are just waiting politely for the next pause so that we can have our turn to speak.

Answer 17

Stop talking. The first step to becoming a good listener is to stop talking. Let others explain their views. Learn to concentrate on what the speaker is saying, not on what your next comment will be. Control your surroundings. Whenever possible, remove competing sounds. Close windows or doors, turn off TVs and smartphones, and move away from loud people, noisy appliances, or engines. Choose a quiet time and place for listening. Establish a receptive mind-set. Expect to learn something by listening. Strive for a positive and receptive frame of mind. If the message is complex, think of it as mental gymnastics. It is hard work but good exercise to stretch and expand the limits of your mind. Keep an open mind. We all sift through and filter information based on our own biases and values. For improved listening, discipline yourself to listen objectively. Be fair to the speaker. Hear what is really being said, not what you want to hear. Listen for main points. Heighten your concentration and satisfaction by looking for the speaker’s central themes. Congratulate yourself when you find them! Capitalize on lag time. Make use of the quickness of your mind by reviewing the speaker’s points. Anticipate what is coming next. Evaluate evidence the speaker has presented. Don’t allow yourself to daydream. Try to guess what the speaker’s next point will be. Listen between the lines. Focus both on what is spoken and what is unspoken. Listen for feelings as well as for facts. Judge ideas, not appearances. Concentrate on the content of the message, not on its delivery. Avoid being distracted by the speaker’s looks, voice, or mannerisms. Hold your fire. Force yourself to listen to the speaker’s entire argument or message before responding. Such restraint may enable you to understand the speaker’s reasons and logic before you jump to false conclusions. Take selective notes. In some situations thoughtful notetaking may be necessary to record important facts that must be recalled later. Select only the most important points so that the notetaking process does not interfere with your concentration on the speaker’s total message. Provide feedback. Let the speaker know that you are listening. Nod your head and maintain eye contact. Ask relevant questions at appropriate times. Getting involved improves the communication process for both the speaker and the listener.

Answer 18

speaker's sincerity, confidence, and truthfulness North American culture values eye contact and accepts eye contact as an expression of trust and sincerity.

Answer 19

Interest Attention In North American culture, leaning toward a speaker connotes interest and attention. Pulling away from a speaker indicates mistrust, fear, or anxiety.

Answer 20

have good ideas isn't interested Time orientation reveals attitudes and personalities. If your boss spends a significant amount of time listening to your ideas, he or she most likely finds them interesting. If your boss moves away from you, he or she is probably not interested in what you have to say. undermine your credibility A sloppy e-mail message undermines your professional credibility and signals to the receiver that he or she is unimportant because you didn’t take care in the preparation of the message. You can build professional credibility by taking the time to prepare well-organized, professional messages and by being well groomed. A professional appearance signals to coworkers, superiors, and clients that you are well prepared and that you take your work seriously.

Answer 21

He should have been well groomed and punctual, and he should have respected the cultural norms regarding territory and space in North American culture. To have had a more successful interview, Mr. Youngher should have been aware of the message his nonverbal cues were sending. He should have been on time, well groomed, and respectful of the personal space of the marketing executive.

Answer 22

Nonverbal communication includes all unwritten and unspoken messages, whether intended or not. These silent signals have a strong effect on receivers.

Answer 23

The eyes have been called the windows to the soul. Even if they don’t reveal the soul, the eyes are often the best predictor of a speaker’s true feelings. Most of us cannot look another person straight in the eyes and lie. As a result, in North American culture, we tend to believe people who look directly at us. Sustained eye contact suggests trust and admiration; brief eye contact signals fear or stress. Good eye contact enables the message sender to see whether a receiver is paying attention, showing respect, responding favorably, or feeling distress. From the receiver’s viewpoint, good eye contact, in North American culture, reveals the speaker’s sincerity, confidence, and truthfulness.

Answer 24

The expression on a person’s face can be almost as revealing of emotion as the eyes. Experts estimate that the human face can display over 250,000 expressions.Footnote To hide their feelings, some people can control these expressions and maintain so-called poker faces. In North America, however, most of us display our emotions openly. Raising or lowering the eyebrows, squinting the eyes, swallowing nervously, clenching the jaw, smiling broadly—these voluntary and involuntary facial expressions can add to or entirely replace verbal messages.

Answer 25

An individual’s posture can convey anything from high status and self-confidence to shyness and submissiveness. Leaning toward a speaker suggests attentiveness and interest; pulling away or shrinking back denotes fear, distrust, anxiety, or disgust. Similarly, gestures can communicate entire thoughts via simple movements. However, the meanings of some of these movements differ in other cultures. Unless you know local customs, they can get you into trouble. In the United States and Canada, for example, forming the thumb and forefinger in a circle means everything is OK. But in parts of South America, the OK sign is obscene.

Answer 26

How we structure and use time tells observers about our personalities and attitudes. For example, when Warren Buffett, industrialist, investor, and philanthropist, gives a visitor a prolonged interview, he signals his respect for, interest in, and approval of the visitor or the topic to be discussed. On the other hand, when David Ing twice arrives late for a meeting, it could mean that the meeting has low priority to David, that he is a self-centered person, or that he has little self-discipline. These are assumptions that typical Americans might make.

Answer 27

How we order the space around us tells something about ourselves and our objectives. Whether the space is a bedroom, a dorm room, or an office, people reveal themselves in the design and grouping of their furniture. Generally, the more formal the arrangement, the more formal and closed the communication style. An executive who seats visitors in a row of chairs across from his desk sends a message of aloofness and a desire for separation. A team leader who arranges chairs informally in a circle rather than in straight rows conveys her desire for a more open exchange of ideas.

Answer 28

Each of us has a certain area that we feel is our own territory, whether it is a specific spot or just the space around us. Your father may have a favorite chair in which he is most comfortable, a cook might not tolerate intruders in the kitchen, and veteran employees may feel that certain work areas and tools belong to them. We all maintain zones of privacy in which we feel comfortable. Figure 1.5 categorizes the four zones of social interaction among Americans, as formulated by anthropologist Edward T. Hall.Footnote Notice that North Americans are a bit standoffish; only intimate friends and family may stand closer than about 1.5 feet. If someone violates that territory, North Americans feel uncomfortable and may step back to reestablish their space. In the workplace be aware of the territorial needs of others and don’t invade their space.

Answer 29

Sloppy e-mails send a nonverbal message that you are in a terrific hurry or that you do not care about the receiver. Envelopes—through their postage, quality, and printing—can suggest that the messages they carry are routine, important, or junk mail. Letters and reports can look neat, professional, well organized, and attractive—or just the opposite. In succeeding chapters you will learn how to create business documents that send positive nonverbal messages through their appearance, format, organization, readability, and correctness.

Answer 30

Establish and maintain eye contact. Remember that in North America appropriate eye contact signals interest, attentiveness, strength, and credibility. Use posture to show interest. Encourage interaction by leaning forward, sitting or standing erect, and looking alert. Reduce or eliminate physical barriers. Move out from behind a desk or lectern; arrange meeting chairs in a circle. Improve your decoding skills. Watch facial expressions and body language to understand the complete verbal and nonverbal messages being communicated. Probe for more information. When you perceive nonverbal cues that contradict verbal meanings, politely seek additional cues (I’m not sure I understand, Please tell me more about . . ., or Do you mean that . . .?). Interpret nonverbal meanings in context. Make nonverbal assessments only when you understand a situation or a culture. Associate with people from different cultures. Learn about other cultures to widen your knowledge and tolerance of intercultural nonverbal messages. Appreciate the power of appearance. Keep in mind that the appearance of your business documents, your business space, and yourself sends immediate positive or negative messages to others. Observe yourself on video. Ensure that your verbal and nonverbal messages are in sync by recording and evaluating yourself making a presentation. Enlist friends and family. Ask friends and family members to monitor your conscious and unconscious body movements and gestures to help you become a more effective communicator.

Answer 31

Causes us to judge others by our own values

Answer 32

Cause misunderstandings and misconceptions

Answer 33

the context of a situation and shared experience to convey their meaning.

Answer 34

A culture in which communicators tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented; messages are explicit; Swiss, German, and American cultures are considered low-context.

Answer 35

Cultures such as those in Asian, Arabian, and South American countries whose members tend to be intuitive and contemplative, relying on unwritten social rules.

Answer 36

value individualism They believe that initiative and self-assertion result in personal achievement. They believe in individual action and personal responsibility, and they desire much freedom in their personal lives.

Answer 37

organizations, groups, and teams; they encourage acceptance of group values, duties, and decisions. competition and confrontation instead of consensus

Answer 38

the group rather than on the individual, preferring a consultative management style over an autocratic style.

Answer 39

individualism

Answer 40

context North Americans operate in a low-context culture. Messages are expected to be explicit, and listeners rely exclusively on the written or spoken word rather than non-verbal context cues.

Answer 41

causes us to judge others by our own values

Answer 42

Cause misunderstandings and misconceptions

Answer 43

Empathy While tolerant, flexible attitudes in the workplace may be fostered by diversity training, empathy—seeing the world through another’s eyes—is the key component.

Answer 44

.Listen without interrupting. Smile when appropriate. Observe eye messages. Check frequently for comprehension. Some of the ways you can enhance comprehension are observing eye messages, checking frequently for comprehension, listening without interrupting, and smiling when appropriate.

Answer 45

Contractions are not used. The sentences are shortened using acronyms. The sentences are short. The date format matches local styles. When citing dates in your intercultural correspondence, be sure you are using the date format common to the recipient’s culture. Short sentences also help to improve the clarity of your message. Kate wrote out “I have,” instead of using the contraction “I’ve,” which helps the reader understand what has been written.

Answer 46

North Americans consider time a precious commodity. They correlate time with productivity, efficiency, and money. Keeping people waiting for business appointments is considered a waste of time and also rude. In other cultures time may be perceived as an unlimited resource to be enjoyed.

Answer 47

In high-power-distance countries, subordinates expect formal hierarchies and embrace relatively authoritarian, paternalistic power relationships. In low-power-distance cultures, however, subordinates may consider themselves as equals of their supervisors. They confidently voice opinions and participate in decision making. Relationships between high-powered people and those with little power tend to be more democratic, egalitarian, and informal.

Answer 48

People in low- and high-context cultures tend to communicate differently with words. To Americans and Germans, words are very important, especially in contracts and negotiations. People in high-context cultures, on the other hand, place more emphasis on the surrounding context than on the words describing a negotiation. A Greek may see a contract as a formal statement announcing the intention to build a business for the future. The Japanese may treat contracts as statements of intention, and they assume changes will be made as projects develop. Mexicans may treat contracts as artistic exercises of what might be accomplished in an ideal world. They do not necessarily expect contracts to apply consistently in the real world. An Arab may be insulted by merely mentioning a contract; a person’s word is more binding.Footnote

Answer 49

The belief in the superiority of one’s own culture; judging others by one’s own values.

Answer 50

An oversimplified behavioral pattern applied to entire groups.

Answer 51

misconceptions and misunderstandings.

Answer 52

A willingness to learn about and practice beliefs and practices different from one’s own; being open-minded and receptive to new experiences.

Answer 53

The ability to share another person’s experiences and emotions; thinking of how the receiver feels and is likely to respond. which is defined as trying to see the world through another’s eyes. It means being less judgmental and more eager to seek common ground.

Answer 54

to work toward a common goal.

Answer 55

Must be able to interact with ethnically diverse personnel.

Answer 56

Use simple English. Speak in short sentences (under 20 words) with familiar, short words. Eliminate puns, sport and military references, slang, and jargon (special business terms). Be especially alert to idiomatic expressions that can’t be translated, such as face the music and hit a home run. Speak slowly and enunciate clearly. Avoid fast speech, but don’t raise your voice. Overpunctuate with pauses and full stops. Always write numbers for all to see. Encourage accurate feedback. Ask probing questions, and encourage the listener to paraphrase what you say. Don’t assume that a yes, a nod, or a smile indicates comprehension or agreement. Check frequently for comprehension. Avoid waiting until you finish a long explanation to request feedback. Instead, make one point at a time, pausing to check for comprehension. Don’t proceed to B until A has been grasped. Observe eye messages. Be alert to a glazed expression or wandering eyes. These tell you the listener is lost. Accept blame. If a misunderstanding results, graciously accept the responsibility for not making your meaning clear. Listen without interrupting. Curb your desire to finish sentences or to fill out ideas for the speaker. Keep in mind that North Americans abroad are often accused of listening too little and talking too much. Smile when appropriate. The smile is often considered the single most understood and most useful form of communication. In some cultures, however, excessive smiling may seem insincere. Follow up in writing. After conversations or oral negotiations, confirm the results and agreements with written messages—if necessary, in the local language.

Answer 57

Consider local styles and conventions. Learn how documents are formatted and how letters are addressed and developed in the intended reader’s country. Decide whether to use your organization’s preferred format or adjust to local styles. Observe titles and rank. Use last names, titles, and other signals of rank and status. Send messages to higher-status people; avoid sending copies to lower-rank people. Hire a translator. Engage a professional translator if (a) your document is important, (b) your document will be distributed to many readers, or (c) you must be persuasive. Use short sentences and short paragraphs. Sentences with fewer than 20 words and paragraphs with fewer than 8 lines are most readable. Avoid ambiguous wording. Include relative pronouns (that, which, who) for clarity in introducing clauses. Stay away from contractions (especially ones such as Here’s the problem). Avoid idioms (once in a blue moon), slang (my presentation really bombed), acronyms (ASAP for “as soon as possible”), abbreviations (DBA for “doing business as”), jargon (input, bottom line), and sports references (ballpark figure, slam dunk). Use action-specific verbs (buy a printer rather than get a printer). Cite numbers carefully. In international trade learn and use the metric system. In citing numbers, use figures (12) instead of spelling them out (twelve). Always convert dollar figures into local currency. Spell out the month when writing dates. In North America, for example, March 5, 2019, might be written as 3/5/19, whereas in Europe the same date might appear as 5.3.19.

Answer 58

communication style

Answer 59

You expect the rest of the world to follow your customs and share your values.

Answer 60

Making decisions based on difference

Answer 61

Use simple English. Speak slowly and enunciate clearly. Accept blame. Observe eye messages.

Answer 62

Use correct grammar. Write out acronyms. Consider local styles. This message has a grammar mistake: “You’re” should be “your.” It also contains an acronym (ASAP) that might not be understood in Indonesia. Also, this message is very direct and is not well suited for a high-context culture.

Answer 63

Communication style

Answer 64

The belief in the superiority of one’s own culture

Answer 65

Make the sentence shorter. Write out the contraction. Cite numbers using figures instead of spelling them out. Include more ambiguity.

Answer 66

Make fewer assumptions. Learn about your cultural self. Build on similarities. Seek training.

Answer 67

Diverse teams made up of people with different experiences are better able to create competitive advantages in the marketplace.

Answer 68

Understanding the value of diversity; Diversity awareness scenarios; How do you fit into your diverse workforce?

Answer 69

Seek training. If your organization is experiencing diversity problems, awareness-raising sessions may be helpful. Spend time reading and learning about workforce diversity and how it can benefit organizations. Look upon diversity as an opportunity, not a threat. Intercultural communication, team building, and conflict resolution are skills that can be learned in diversity training programs. Understand the value of differences. Diversity makes an organization innovative and creative. Sameness fosters an absence of critical thinking called groupthink. Michael Roth, president of Wesleyan University, believes that “homogeneity kills creativity” and threatens democracy and learning: “We know that diversity is a powerful hedge against the ‘rationalized conformity’ of groupthink.”Footnote Diversity can be a powerful antidote. Learn about your cultural self. Begin to think of yourself as a product of your culture, and understand that your culture is just one among many. Take any opportunity to travel or study abroad, if possible. You will learn much, not only about other cultures but also about your own. Try to stand outside and look at yourself. Do you see any reflex reactions and automatic thought patterns that are a result of your upbringing? These may be invisible to you until challenged by difference. Be sure to keep what works and yet be ready to adapt as environments change. Flexibility is an important survival skill. Make fewer assumptions. Be careful of seemingly insignificant, innocent workplace assumptions. For example, don’t assume that everyone wants to observe the holidays with a Christmas party and a decorated tree. Celebrating only Christian holidays in December and January excludes those who honor Hanukkah, Kwanzaa, and the Lunar New Year. Moreover, in workplace discussions don’t assume anything about others’ sexual orientation or attitude toward marriage. For invitations, avoid phrases such as managers and their wives. Spouses or partners is more inclusive. Valuing diversity means making fewer assumptions that everyone is like you or wants to be like you. Build on similarities. Look for areas in which you and others not like you can agree or at least share opinions. Be prepared to consider issues from many perspectives, all of which may be valid. Accept that there is room for various points of view to coexist peacefully. Although you can always find differences, it is much harder to find similarities. Look for common ground in shared experiences, mutual goals, and similar values. Concentrate on your objective even when you may disagree on how to reach it.

Answer 70

Concrete noun

Answer 71

common noun

Answer 72

bosses Faxes copiers

Answer 73

are | speeches

Answer 74

that concrete nouns refer to the things you can perceive through your five senses and abstract nouns refer to things that cannot be experienced through the five senses.

Answer 75

capitalized

Answer 76

Necessity of a permanent record Receiver's preference and level of technical expertise Importance of the message Degree of formality desired When selecting the channel for your message, you should consider the importance of the message, the amount and speed of feedback and interactivity required, the necessity of a permanent record, the cost of the channel, the degree of formality desired, the confidentiality and sensitivity of the message, and the receiver’s preference and level of technical expertise.

Answer 77

Marjan should post the data on the team wiki.

Answer 78

How does my secondary audience differ from my primary audience? Should I expect a neutral, positive, or negative response to my message? What is my relationship with the audience? What position does the audience hold in my organization? You must be aware of who your audience members are in order to address the issues that interest them most. Consider your relationship with the audience (a colleague, a superior, someone you’ve never met) relative to your position. What do your audience members already know about your topic? If they don’t know much, give them enough information to understand your point. If they already understand, focus on your main points. What people know depends on their education, their location, and their values. Understanding these variables will help you predict whether they’ll agree or disagree with your ideas. If you think they’ll disagree, you’ll need to persuade them. Pay attention to secondary audiences. When you send an message, your addressee may not be the only person who reads it. Always consider who else may see the message you’re writing to ensure it makes sense to all potential readers.

Answer 79

To determine how to present your message

Answer 80

To explain how to set up a voice mail system To maintain the customer’s goodwill The primary purpose is to provide setup information to a customer who has just purchased a new voice mail system. Because the customer has already purchased the voice mail system, there’s a good chance that the customer already has goodwill toward the company. Dynamo needs to capitalize on that goodwill by reinforcing it with clear and simple directions on the use of its product. Maintaining customers’ goodwill is very important, not just in writing but in business in general.

Answer 81

Memos provide a formal written record of your message for an internal audience. Use memos when feedback is unnecessary, when the message isn’t urgent, and when you don’t need nonverbal cues.

Answer 82

What do I hope to achieve by sending this message? | Why am I sending this message?

Answer 83

Marianna has chosen the correct channel.

Answer 84

Audience focused

Answer 85

. Your satisfaction is important to us. Please complete the customer satisfaction survey. Your name will be automatically entered in the raffle if you attend the annual company BBQ.

Answer 86

Positive language is reader focused and avoids alienating readers by using words such as blame, complaint, criticism, defective, failed, mistake, and neglected.

Answer 87

Bias-free language does not promote stereotypes and does not use language that prefers one gender more than the other.

Answer 88

The effective use of plain English improves clarity by using precise words and active voice with strong verbs and by avoiding jargon and wordy sentences.

Answer 89

What does the receiver need to know about this topic? What is the receiver to do? How is the receiver to do it? When must the receiver do it? What will happen if the receiver doesn’t do it?

Answer 90

Conduct a scientific experiment. The best way to determine how much customers would be willing to pay and under what circumstances would be to conduct a scientific experiment.

Answer 91

Access traditional sources and electronic sources.

Answer 92

Check company files

Answer 93

Informal Research

Answer 94

Formal. On the Internet, find statistics gathered by the United Nations showing the dropout rates of students by gender and age. Request that certain reports be sent to you, so you can examine the data yourself.

Answer 95

organize your thoughts before writing

Answer 96

$100/night four-star rooms, silk pillowcases, and imported beer are all supporting details. They are specific examples within the subcategories affordability, high-end linens, and food and drink.

Answer 97

sets a proper frame of mind Explanations and details follow the direct opening. What’s important is getting to the main idea quickly. This direct method, also called frontloading, has at least three advantages: Saves the reader’s time. Many of today’s businesspeople can devote only a few moments to each message. Messages that take too long to get to the point may lose their readers along the way. Sets a proper frame of mind. Learning the purpose up front helps the reader put the subsequent details and explanations in perspective. Without a clear opening, the reader may be thinking, “Why am I being told this?” Reduces frustration. Readers forced to struggle through excessive verbiage before reaching the main idea can become frustrated and begin to resent the writer. Poorly organized messages create a negative impression of the writer.

Answer 98

Indirect strategy An organizational pattern in which the main idea comes later in a message, after the details, explanation, or evidence. The indirect strategy works best with audiences who are uninterested, unwilling, displeased, or perhaps hostile. An indirect opening works well with bad news, sensitive news, and certain types of persuasive messages. You need to fire your receptionist. You need to convince your coworkers to adopt a new software program that they don’t understand. You are sending a past-due notice on an account.

Answer 99

Facilitates a fair hearing The indirect strategy has these benefits: Respects the feelings of the audience. Bad news is always painful, but the trauma can be lessened by preparing the receiver for it. Facilitates a fair hearing. Messages that may upset the reader are more likely to be read when the main idea is delayed. Beginning immediately with a piece of bad news or a persuasive request, for example, may cause the receiver to stop reading or listening. Minimizes a negative reaction. A reader’s overall reaction to a negative message is generally improved if the news is delivered gently. his approach works well with three kinds of messages: bad news, ideas that require persuasion, and sensitive news, especially when being transmitted to superiors. There are three major benefits of using an indirect opening with messages of a sensitive nature or unwilling recipients: it respects the feelings of the audience by softening the impact of the message, it When seeking to facilitate a fair hearing by delaying the main point, and it minimizes a negative reaction by delivering the news gently.

Answer 100

Direct This situation would require you to send a direct message because it is a routine request. Good business communicators always proofread their messages carefully before delivering them.

Answer 101

direct This message is direct because it places the most important information at the beginning. This approach works best because people want to know whether or not they received a bonus; they do not want to wait until the end of the message to find out. The audience’s reaction to this message will certainly be positive. Therefore, it is not necessary to use an indirect approach.

Answer 102

Put the main idea in the title Include 3 to 5 major components Use evidence to support subpoints When making an outline, define the main topic in the title. Divide the main topic into major components or classifications (preferably 3 – 5). Break the components into subpoints. If there is a single item under a subpoint, combine it with the main time above or below it. Make each component exclusive and use details, illustrations, and evidence to support each subpoint.

Answer 103

use a scratch list or outline Preparing a scratch list or an outline before you begin writing helps you arrange your thoughts before you get bogged down in word choice and sentence structure. In the end, this will help make your message more organized and easy to follow.

Answer 104

You are giving an employee a formal performance warning. You are writing to your division to inform them of a mandatory furlough. You want to convince your very old-fashioned boss to implement casual Fridays.

Answer 105

Indirect ou would choose an indirect message because this is a sensitive situation. Your friend and coworker will very likely be upset that she was passed over for the promotion. As you draft your e-mail, you will need to be sensitive to her feelings.

Answer 106

direct This message is direct because it places the most important details first: the time and day the project is due and who should receive it. Use an indirect message for bad news, sensitive news, or ideas that require persuasion.

Answer 107

Achieving Emphasis Through Style Use vivid, not general, words. Vivid words are emphatic because the reader can picture ideas clearly. Label the main idea. If an idea is significant, tell the reader. Place the important idea first or last. Ideas have less competition from surrounding words when they appear first or last in a sentence. Give the important idea the spotlight. Place the main idea in a simple sentence or in an independent clause.

Answer 108

To de-emphasize an idea, such as bad news, try one of the following stylistic devices: Use general words to de-emphasize harsh words or bad news. Subordinate the bad news. Place the bad news in a dependent clause connected to an independent clause that contains something positive.

Answer 109

passive voice is useful to emphasize an action rather than a person, de-emphasize negative news, and conceal the doer of an action.

Answer 110

Using bulleted and numbered lists Breaking paragraphs into shorter chunks Using headings

Answer 111

Margins and alignment can provide important visual relief and improve the readability of a document. Business documents are most readable with left-aligned and ragged-right margins that are 1 to 1.5 inches. Some formal documents use justified margins (both left and right alignment). Center alignment is appropriate only for headings.

Answer 112

False This selection uses a san serif typeface and font styles such as capitalization, italics, and boldface. Font styles help show emphasis by drawing the reader’s attention to specific words or phrases, but they do not comprise different typefaces.

Answer 113

Documents may contain main headings, subheadings, and category headings. Headings help writers organize information and help readers absorb information. Headings increase the readability and skim value of a document by providing quick previews or reviews. Documents may have several different levels of headings including main headings, subheadings, and category headings. Headings may be found in e-mails, letters, and memos, but they are most commonly encountered in reports.

Answer 114

You want your reader to grasp the core of your message immediately. Avoid expressions that repeat meaning and include unnecessary words. Eliminating redundancies

Answer 115

False This selection uses a san serif typeface and font styles such as capitalization, italics, and boldface. Font styles help show emphasis by drawing the reader’s attention to specific words or phrases, but they do not comprise different typefaces.

Answer 116

his selection contains three misspelled words and one comma error. The bold words in the paragraph have been corrected. Additionally, the second sentence was missing a comma after the introductory clause. The comma has been added between errors and make. Checking punctuation before sending your message is important. When proofreading for punctuation errors, make sure that introductory clauses are followed by commas, that compound sentences put commas before coordinating conjunctions, and that semicolons and colons are used correctly.

Answer 117

Print your document and check for typos, misspellings, and grammatical errors. Depending on the length of your document and your time constraints, revising more than once is a good idea. Print a copy of the document. Check for typos, misspellings, and grammatical errors. Read one line at a time from a screen. Read from a printed copy.

Answer 118

Keep it short and simple. Eliminate long lead-ins.

Answer 119

Print a copy, preferably double-spaced, and set it aside for at least a day. You will be more alert after a breather. Allow adequate time to proofread carefully. A common excuse for sloppy proofreading is lack of time. Be prepared to find errors. One student confessed, “I can find other people’s errors, but I can’t seem to locate my own.” Psychologically, we don’t expect to find errors, and we don’t want to find them. You can overcome this obstacle by anticipating errors and congratulating, not criticizing, yourself each time you find one. Read the message at least twice—once for word meanings and once for grammar and mechanics. For very long documents (book chapters and long articles or reports), read a third time to verify consistency in formatting. Reduce your reading speed. Concentrate on individual words rather than ideas. For documents that must be perfect, enlist a proofreading buddy. Have someone read the message aloud, spelling names and difficult words, noting capitalization, and reading punctuation. Use the standard proofreading marks shown in Appendix C to indicate changes.

Answer 120

Evaluate what you have written to be sure that it attracts the reader's attention. Is it clear enough to convince the reader of your purpose? A message that has a feeling of superiority or bluntness will be off-putting to the audience. Technology can help you limit your words, but that is not what is of interest to the audience Evaluate what you have written to be sure that it attracts the reader’s attention. Is it polished and clear enough to convince the reader that you are worth listening to? How successful will this message be? Does it say what you want it to? Will it achieve its purpose? How will you know whether it succeeds? Purpose Clarity Professionalism Polish

Answer 121

through feedback. For this reason you should encourage the receiver to respond to your message. This feedback will tell you how to modify future efforts to improve your communication technique.

Answer 122

personal appearance.

Answer 123

c. communication

Answer 124

a. Today's workers will be expected to write a variety of messages using many electronic technologies.

Answer 125

c. an increase in social media and changing communication technologies

Answer 126

a. We spend more time listening on the job than reading, writing, or speaking.

Answer 127

a. Physical barrier

Answer 128

a. Controlling her surroundings

Answer 129

c. The context of a communication setting can greatly affect the meaning of any nonverbal behavior.

Answer 130

b. Personal zone

Answer 131

a. politely seek additional information by saying, "I'm not sure that you really agree with my ideas. Do you have a suggestion to improve them?"

Answer 132

b. Culture

Answer 133

c. Individuals in low-context cultures tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented.

Answer 134

c. time orientation

Answer 135

d. stereotyping

Answer 136

a. practicing empathy

Answer 137

d. using simple English

Answer 138

. | a. True

Answer 139

Definition: All unwritten and unspoken messages, whether intended or not; silent signals conveyed by body language, gestures, eye contact, appearance, and other factors.

Answer 140

Definition: Essential career attributes that include the ability to communicate, work well with others, solve problems, make ethical decisions, appreciate diversity, and display professionalism.

Answer 141

Definition: | A cultural dimension that refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambience surrounding an event.

Answer 142

Definition: | A cultural dimension that refers to the way individuals communicate and use words.

Answer 143

Definition: | A complex system of shared values, traits, morals, and customs that molds the way people think, behave, and communicate.

Answer 144

Definition: A cultural dimension that refers to an attitude of independence and freedom from control; common in low-context cultures.

Answer 145

Definition: | A cultural dimension that refers to how individuals perceive and use time.

Answer 146

Definition: A dimension of culture that refers to how people in different societies cope with inequality and how they relate to powerful individuals because of their wealth, position, seniority, or age.

Answer 147

Definition: A culture in which communicators tend to be logical, analytical, and action oriented; messages are explicit; Swiss, German, and American cultures are considered low-context.

Answer 148

Definition: Cultures such as those in Asian, Arabian, and South American countries whose members tend to be intuitive and contemplative, relying on unwritten social rules.

Answer 149

Definition: | The belief in the superiority of one’s own culture; judging others by one’s own values.

Answer 150

Definition: | An oversimplified behavioral pattern applied to entire groups.

Answer 151

Definition: A willingness to learn about and practice beliefs and practices different from one’s own; being open-minded and receptive to new experiences.

Answer 152

Definition: The ability to share another person’s experiences and emotions; thinking of how the receiver feels and is likely to respond.

Answer 153

Definition: | An absence of critical thinking sometimes found in homogeneous groups.

Answer 154

Robin was sure she could sell the house and its furniture more cheaply herself. Do not create a double comparative or superlative by using -er with more or -est with most, and use adverbs, not adjectives, to describe or limit the action of verbs.

Answer 155

The employees hadn't hardly begun the sorting when the job was cancelled.

Answer 156

Our newly purchased printer with a three-year warranty worked well at first. Use adverbs, not adjectives, to describe or limit the action of verbs.

Answer 157

Definition: | The transmission of information and meaning from a sender to a receiver.

Answer 158

``` Definition: The medium (such as a computer, wireless network, smartphone, letter, telephone, e-mail, memo, report, or some other means) through which a message is transmitted. ```

Answer 159

Definition: | The process of converting the idea of a sender into words or gestures that convey meaning.

Answer 160

Definition: | Anything that disrupts the transmission of a message in the communication process.

Answer 161

Definition: | Translating a message from its symbol form into meaning.

Answer 162

Definition: | Verbal and nonverbal responses to a transmitted message.

Answer 163

Definition: A message that is generated, stored, processed, and transmitted electronically by computers using strings of positive and nonpositive binary code consisting of 0s and 1s.

Answer 164

Definition: | A three-stage process that consists of prewriting, drafting, and revising.

Answer 165

Definition: The first stage in the writing process; includes analyzing, anticipating, and adapting messages to fit their purpose and audience.

Answer 166

Definition: | The second stage in the writing process; includes researching, organizing, and composing the message.

Answer 167

Definition: The third stage of the writing process; includes revising, proofreading, and evaluating to determine if the message accomplishes its goal.

Answer 168

Definition: | Predicting how the audience will react to the message.

Answer 169

Definition: | Checking a document carefully to ensure correct spelling, grammar, punctuation, and format.

Answer 170

Definition: | Deciding whether a message accomplishes its goal.

Answer 171

Definition: | Determining the audience and purpose for writing.

Answer 172

Definition: | Choosing the right words and the right tone that will win the audience’s approval.

Answer 173

Definition: | Anticipating the audience and the reaction to the message.

Answer 174

Definition: | What’s in it for me?

Answer 175

Definition: | Someone other than the primary audience who may read the message.

Answer 176

Definition: | Audience-focused perspective; emphasis on receiver benefits.

Answer 177

Definition: | Expressions that do not stereotype or show bias in terms of gender, race, ethnicity, age, or disability.

Answer 178

Definition: | Language that creates goodwill and provides more options to receivers than negative language.

Answer 179

Definition: | Clear, concise language that avoids showy words, long sentences, and confusing expressions.

Answer 180

Definition: | The extent to which a channel or medium recreates or represents all the information available in the original message.

Answer 181

Definition: | The audience for whom a message is written.

Answer 182

Definition: | Strong verbs and concrete nouns that give receivers more information and keep them interested.

Answer 183

c. meaning

Answer 184

c. decoding

Answer 185

c. audience oriented

Answer 186

c. Prewriting, drafting, and revising

Answer 187

d. analyze the audience and determine the purpose of the message

Answer 188

d. promote goodwill

Answer 189

d. considering what the readers are like and how they will react to the message

Answer 190

a. an e-mail

Answer 191

d. empathy

Answer 192

c. You can improve your chances for promotion by attending our management trainee seminars.

Answer 193

b. using familiar words and pronouns such as I or you

Answer 194

b. Your order will be shipped as soon as we receive credit authorization.

Answer 195

d. Each nurse is responsible for charting the status of his or her parents.

Answer 196

c. Will you please submit the proposal by Monday.

Answer 197

b. False The communication process begins when the sender has an idea. Idea formation may be influenced by the sender's mood, frame of reference, background, culture, or physical makeup, as well as the context of the situation and many other factors

Answer 198

b. False Although beginning writers develop better documents by following the three phases of the writing process in order, doing so is not required. Expert writers are able to adjust the process to meet their own need

Answer 199

a. True Identifying your purpose prepares you to write and prevents backtracking and starting over.

Answer 200

a. True A richer medium, such as a face-to-face conversation, permits more interactivity and feedback. A leaner medium, such as a report or proposal, presents a flat, one-dimensional message.

Answer 201

a. True Adaptation is the process of creating a message that suits the audience. Skilled writers adapt their message by stressing audience benefits, using the "you" view, and being conversational but professional.

Answer 202

b. False Regardless of your goal for writing, the catchiest words you can use are you and your to emphasize audience benefits.

Answer 203

b. False This sentence includes gender-biased language (salesman). Effective business writing avoids gender-biased language by omitting the words man and woman, by using plural nouns and pronouns, or by changing to a gender-free word (salesperson or business representative).

Answer 204

b. False Official-sounding language may confuse, not impress, the audience. Plain English involves the use of simple words and a familiar, conversational style, which are more likely to make a positive impression on the audience.

Answer 205

True Capitalize all principal words. Do not capitalize articles [a, an, the], short conjunctions [and, but, nor, or], and prepositions with three or fewer letters [by, for, to, and so forth].

Answer 206

The vice president of the United States said, "We continue to look for foreign investment opportunities." Do not capitalize titles that stand alone—even the titles of the vice president and president of the United States. Do capitalize proper nouns (United States). Do capitalize the first word of a direct quotation.

Answer 207

True Capitalize state and county only when they follow names: Washington State, Dade County.

Answer 208

Our president and sales manager will attend the conference in Atlanta. Do not capitalize titles of high government rank or religious office when they stand alone or follow a person's name in running text.

Answer 209

Definition: A sentence error that results when two independent clauses are incorrectly joined (fused) together without a conjunction or a semicolon; also called a run-on sentence.

Answer 210

Definition: A sentence error that results when two independent clauses are incorrectly joined (fused) together without a conjunction or a semicolon; also called a fused sentence.

Answer 211

Definition: | A sentence error that results when a writer joins two independent clauses with a comma.

Answer 212

Definition: | A writing technique that uses similar construction to achieve balanced writing (e.g., smiling, listening, and talking).

Answer 213

Definition: | Sentences in which the subject is acted upon (e.g., The report was written by Lisa).

Answer 214

Definition: A sentence error that occurs when a modifier is not close to the word or phrase it describes (e.g., After being in the refrigerator for a week, Brian said the milk tasted bad).

Answer 215

Definition: | A sentence that contains one complete thought with a subject and a predicate.

Answer 216

Definition: | The use of verbs that make the subject the doer of the action in a sentence (e.g., Lisa wrote the e-mail).

Answer 217

Definition: A modifier dangles when the word or phrase it describes is missing from the sentence (e.g., Using a search tool, the website site was found).

Answer 218

Definition: | A group of sentences about one idea.

Answer 219

Definition: | Words (such as meanwhile, although, furthermore, and for example) that show connections and build paragraph coherence.

Answer 220

Definition: | A sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph.

Answer 221

Definition: A sentence error that results when two independent clauses are incorrectly joined (fused) together without a conjunction or a semicolon; also called a run-on sentence.

Answer 222

Definition: | A sentence that illustrates, explains, or strengthens the topic sentence.

Answer 223

Definition: | A hierarchal structure that helps to organize ideas.

Answer 224

Definition: | Collecting needed information before writing a message.

Answer 225

Definition: Research techniques such as looking in files, talking with a supervisor, interviewing a target audience, conducting an informal survey, or brainstorming for ideas.

Answer 226

Definition: Research that may include accessing digital sources, searching manually, investigating primary sources, and conducting scientific experiments.

Answer 227

Definition: | An organizational process that groups similar ideas together.

Answer 228

Definition: | An organizational pattern in which the main idea comes first, followed by details, an explanation, or evidence.

Answer 229

Definition: | Another name for the direct strategy, which places the main idea first.

Answer 230

Definition: | An organizational pattern in which the main idea comes later in a message, after the details, explanation, or evidence.

Answer 231

Definition: | An idea-generating technique that enables writers to record thoughts quickly without analysis or editing.

Answer 232

Definition: | A sentence that contains two independent clauses joined by a conjunction, a semicolon, or a conjunctive adverb.

Answer 233

Definition: | A sentence that contains at least two independent clauses and one dependent clause.

Answer 234

Definition: A sentence error that results when a broken-off part of a complex sentence is punctuated as if it were a complete sentence.

Answer 235

Definition: | A sentence that contains an independent clause and a dependent clause, often introduced by a subordinate conjunction.

Answer 236

d. helps shape the message

Answer 237

c. informally

Answer 238

a. conduct interviews and surveys or organize a focus group

Answer 239

b. Poor organization Many communication experts regard poor organization as the greatest failing of business writers.

Answer 240

c. Eliminates the need for researching Frontloading saves the reader's time, sets a proper frame of mind, and reduces frustration.

Answer 241

a. explain all background information first When you expect a reader to be uninterested, unwilling, displeased, or hostile, the indirect strategy is appropriate. Heather should not reveal the main idea until after she has offered background information.

Answer 242

a. We know that you'll want to receive the early-bird pricing; therefore, please register for the conference by October 15.

Answer 243

a. comma splice

Answer 244

b. run-on sentence

Answer 245

d. Although the company cannot reimburse you for tuition costs, you may attend class during work hours. This response puts the bad news in the independent clause, which emphasizes it. Although the company cannot reimburse you for tuition costs, you may attend class during work hours puts the bad news in a dependent clause and the good news in an independent clause where it receives the most emphasis.

Answer 246

d. subject is the doer of the action Active-voice sentences are preferred for most business writing because the subject is the doer of the action. The active voice clearly tells what the action is and who is performing that action.

Answer 247

c. To apply for financial aid, send in your application by January 1 This is the only sentence without a dangling or misplaced modifier. In commands the subject is understood to be you.

Answer 248

b. incorporate transitional expressions that connect your ideas To build paragraph coherence, repeat a key idea by using the same expression or a similar one, use pronouns to refer to previous nouns, and show connections with transitional expressions.

Answer 249

a. focuses on a single main idea An effective paragraph focuses on a single main idea that is developed by supporting sentences that add details, explanations, and evidence.

Answer 250

b. False Phase 2 of the 3-x-3 writing process involves researching your topic, organizing your ideas, and composing your first draft. Phase 1 includes analyzing your purpose, anticipating your audience, and adapting your message to the audience.

Answer 251

a. True Because he needs to conduct formal research on wellness, Isaac should search print and online journals for relevant information.

Answer 252

Correct. Well-organized messages group similar items together and follow a sequence that helps the reader understand relationships and accept the writer's views. Unorganized messages fail to emphasize important points and leave readers puzzled, frustrated, and irritated.

Answer 253

Incorrect. The indirect, not direct, organizational strategy works well with bad-news, persuasive, and sensitive messages. See 3-2 "Organizing Information to Show Relationships."

Answer 254

Correct. You should use a variety of sentence types in your writing. Messages that repeat the same sentence pattern become boring. To avoid monotony and to add spark to your writing, use a variety of sentence types, including simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex.

Answer 255

a. True Business writers should strive for sentences of 20 or fewer words because they have the most impact. However, some sentences may be longer or shorter.

Answer 256

b. False Underlining, italicizing, and bolding are some mechanical, not stylistic, techniques to emphasize a main idea. To achieve emphasis through style, use vivid words, label the main idea, or place the important idea first, last, or in an independent clause.

Answer 257

a. True This sentence does not demonstrate balanced, or parallel, writing. To achieve parallel construction, use similar structures and wording to express ideas: Business messages should be accurate, concise, and clear

Answer 258

a. True A paragraph is unified when it develops a single main idea. That idea is usually expressed in a topic sentence at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a paragraph. However, business writers generally place the topic sentence first in a paragraph.

Answer 259

a. True One of the hardest things for beginning writers to remember is that all support sentences in a paragraph must relate to the topic sentence because they illustrate, explain, or strengthen the topic sentence.

Answer 260

You may be sure, Mr. Sanchez, that your car will be ready by 4. p.m.

Answer 261

We paid Troy Thomas, who actually developed the website, more than we expected.

Answer 262

The board of directors of Danube, Inc., appointed Elena Tolstaya, who had served as the company's chief financial officer since 2007, to the position of president and CEO.

Answer 263

Definition: | Saying something in as few words as possible.

Answer 264

Definition: | A wordy expression, such as due to the fact that instead of because.

Answer 265

Definition: | Introductory words that unnecessarily lengthen a sentence (e.g., This is to let you know that Monday is a holiday).

Answer 266

``` Definition: Excess word(s) such as there is/are or it is/was that fatten sentences. ```

Answer 267

Definition: | Short messages exchanged on social media networks such as Twitter, Facebook, and Tumblr.

Answer 268

Definition: | “Keep it short and simple”.

Answer 269

Definition: | A stale phrase or expression borrowed from a period when the “language of business” was exceedingly formal and flowery.

Answer 270

Definition: | Informal words with arbitrary and extravagantly changed meanings that quickly go out of fashion.

Answer 271

Definition: Technical expressions such as optimize, incentivize, and leveraging that have become fashionable and often are meant to impress rather than express.

Answer 272

Definition: A verb that is needlessly converted to a wordy noun expression, such as the verb consider being converted to give consideration to.

Answer 273

Definition: | Techniques that improve readability such as appropriate use of white space, margins, typefaces, fonts.

Answer 274

Definition: | Empty space on a printed page.

Answer 275

Definition: The white space on the left, right, top, and bottom of a block of type, defining the reading area and providing visual relief.

Answer 276

Definition: | A design for a set of text characters such as Times New Roman, Helvetica, and Arial.

Answer 277

Definition: | The specific typeface within a typeface family, such as bold, uppercase, or italic.

Answer 278

Definition: | A vertical list used to highlight items that don’t necessarily show a chronology or order.

Answer 279

Definition: | An effective tool for highlighting information and improving readability.

Answer 280

Definition: | A margin style in which lines are flush at both the left and right margins.

Answer 281

Definition: | A margin style in which every line begins at the left margin, without right margin justification.

Answer 282

Definition: | A typeface that has small features at the end of strokes.

Answer 283

Definition: A typeface that excludes the small features that appear at the end of strokes in serif typefaces; a cleaner typeface that is widely used for headings, signs, and material where continuous reading is not required.

Answer 284

Definition: | Content and format that allow a reader to browse a document quickly and grasp main ideas.

Answer 285

Definition: | An expression that has become exhausted by overuse.

Answer 286

Definition: | The process of improving the content and sentence structure of a message.

Answer 287

Definition: A part of a word processing program that analyzes aspects of writing style, including readability level and use of passive voice, trite expressions, split infinitives, and wordy expressions.

Answer 288

Definition: | Converting a verb into a noun, such as changing decided to made a decision.

Answer 289

Definition: | An expression that repeats meaning or includes unnecessary words.

Answer 290

b. editing, proofreading, and evaluating your document

Answer 291

c. a filler The sentence contains a filler: There is. This sentence could be made more concise by eliminating the filler: A department meeting is scheduled for 8 a.m. on Friday.

Answer 292

Redundant expressions convey a meaning more than once and should be corrected. This sentence contains the redundancy Each and every. Eliminate Each or every. Redundant expressions convey a meaning more than once and should be corrected. This sentence contains the redundancy Each and every. Eliminate Each or every.

Answer 293

a. creating long messages to demonstrate your writing skills

Answer 294

d. At your request At your request is modern phrasing for the outdated, trite business expressions of As per your request or Pursuant to your request.

Answer 295

The proposal for the tuition reimbursement program must be submitted to the board for approval by June The only sentence that avoids buzzwords (paradigm shift), slang (Props, dope), or clichés (First and foremost) is The proposal for the tuition reimbursement program must be submitted to the board for approval by June 1

Answer 296

a. We hope to discover the reason our profits are declining. Buried verbs are those that are needlessly converted to wordy noun expressions. This sentence contains the wordy noun expression conduct a discussion about. Replace the expression with discuss.

Answer 297

c. The company president was happy to learn that sales were increasing after the new product launch.

Answer 298

c. No more than two

Answer 299

c. end punctuation should always be added to all bulleted or numbered lists

Answer 300

a. selecting an appealing typeface

Answer 301

b. Correcting spelling, grammar, punctuation, names and numbers, and format

Answer 302

b. Proofread your document when it is in its final form.

Answer 303

d. from a printed copy

Answer 304

a. through feedback from your receiver

Answer 305

b. False This sentence begins with a long lead-in (I am writing you this message to see if). The sentence should be revised: Can you speak at our conference on May 3?

Answer 306

b. False The words under separate cover represent a trite business expression. This outdated expression could be written using more modern wording: separately.

Answer 307

false This sentence needlessly converts a verb (analyze) to a wordy noun expression (perform an analysis of), adding sentence length, draining verb strength, slowing the reader, and muddying the thought. Rewrite the sentence: The hiring committee will analyze each candidate's application.

Answer 308

a. True As you revise, make sure your words are clear and precise so that the audience knows exactly what you mean. Clear writing creates meaningful images in the reader's mind through specific verbs, concrete nouns, and vivid adjectives.

Answer 309

a. True When right margins are ragged—that is, without alignment or justification—they provide more white space and improve readability. Therefore, you are best served by using left-justified text and ragged-right margins without justification.

Answer 310

b. False Headings are an effective tool to highlight information and improve readability. They also help the reader separate major ideas from details and skim information quickly. Although headings appear most often in reports, they can also improve readability in other business documents.

Answer 311

a. True Remember that everything you write, whether for yourself or someone else, takes the place of a personal appearance. Therefore, evaluate what you have written to be sure that it attracts the reader's attention.

Answer 312

Because he had tore the package open, the CD was damaged. The past participle in should have seen is correctly used in this sentence.

Answer 313

one Despite all the words that come between, the subject of is is one.

Answer 314

The subject is the singular pronoun neither. Ignore the prepositional phrase of the printers. The verb should be was. Every one of the female attendants obtains her uniform from the same firm.

Answer 315

Neither the buyers nor the agent are aware of the change in the law. The verb is agrees with the closer subject architect.

Answer 316

All employees must wear photo identification; only then will they be admitted. This sentence avoids a shift in subjects.

Answer 317

were In if statements that are contrary to fact, use the subjunctive verb were. Jana is not the manager.

Answer 318

False ？？？？

Answer 319

Do I enjoy working with people, data, or things? When searching for a job, start by analyzing yourself and your needs. Identify your interests and goals, and assess your qualifications. Based on your interests and goals, you can begin to explore career opportunities and develop a job-search strategy.

Answer 320

Do I communicate well in speech and in writing? Do I learn quickly? Do I work well with others? What technology skills do I offer? Correct What skills have I acquired in school, on the job, or through activities? Correct Do I communicate well in speech and in writing? When evaluating your qualifications and considering skills and attributes employers seek, you might ask yourself the following questions: Do I work well with others? Do I learn quickly? Do I communicate well in speech and in writing? Personal preferences might be different than your qualifications and may not be applicable the demands of the position.

Answer 321

Take a summer job, internship, or part-time position in your field. Suggest that John take a summer job, internship, or part-time position in his field. Nothing is better for gaining experience in your field than working in a related area.

Answer 322

Personal networking Job boards, social networks, and mobile technologies have all become indispensable tools in hunting for a job. Surprisingly, however, even in this digital age, the primary routes to hiring continue to be personal networking, referrals, and whom you know.

Answer 323

Networking

Answer 324

Join a professional organization. Suggest that Lynee join a professional organization. As a member of a professional organization, she will meet new people and receive inside information on issues, career news, and jobs.

Answer 325

Explanation: Job boards refer to a good jumping-off point for the job seekers in search of their job. The best-known job boards are Indeed, Monster, College Grad, and CareerBuilder

Answer 326

corporate websites

Answer 327

Between 50 and 80 percent of all jobs are found there, as some of the analyst claims that most of the jobs that is around 50 to 80 are through the hidden job market that is they are not advertised.

Answer 328

Career fairs | Company websites

Answer 329

set up a separate e-mail account, remove your posted resume when your job search is over, post privately

Answer 330

person-to-person contacts

Answer 331

For evidence of an applicant’s credibility

Answer 332

Develop a tagline Continue to build a powerful online presence A tagline briefly describes what distinguishes you, and once developed can help unify all forms of the job search. A strong and consistent social media presence can do the same, and should incorporate the tagline. Social media sites should be unique and can emphasize different aspects of a candidate. Each site should use a separate format as a résumé format would not work for most social media sites. A blog should be used for an ongoing discussion instead of a one-time explanation of efforts.

MGT 350w part 1 Flashcards

part 1 chapter 1 to chapter 4