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Microbial Genetics deck 1 > MG Deck 2 > Flashcards

MG Deck 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

C02-carbon source / Light -energy

A

Photoautotrophs

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2
Q

Chemical-energy/ C02 -carbon source

A

Chemoautotrophs

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3
Q

light-energy / cannot use C02 as sole carbon source

A

photoheterotrophs

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4
Q

organic compounds-C02
chemical-energy

A

chemoheterotrophs

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5
Q

C02 (producers)-need no others-makes/fixes own food by C02

A

Autotrophs-plants algea

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6
Q

Consumers -organic from living things

A

Heterotrophs

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7
Q

light

A

phototroph

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8
Q

REDOX of organic and inorganic molecules

A

chemotrophs

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9
Q

pathogens are cold loving /polar regions

A

psychrophiles

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10
Q

pathogens are moderate temp lovers

A

mesophiles

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11
Q

hot loving pathogens

A

thermophiles

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12
Q

extreme heat loving microbes

A

hyperthermophile

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13
Q

prefers PH 6.5-7.5

A

Neutrophiles-most bacteria

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14
Q

prefers PH below 2

A

acidophiles

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15
Q

low solute -water in = Lysis

A

hypotonic

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16
Q

high solute-water out=shriveling

A

Hypertonic, nothing is living or thriving.

17
Q

likes Salty environments

A

obligate HALOphiles

18
Q

Needs O2

A

obligate aerobe

19
Q

No O2

A

Obligate anaerobes-only one that does NOT have enzymes to eliminate free radicals.

20
Q

Low O2

A

Microaerophile

21
Q

Tolerates O2 but does not need it

A

Aerotolerant Anaerobe

22
Q

Prefers O2

A

Obligate aerobe

23
Q

Step 1 to eliminate free radicals

A

SOD -produces hydrogen peroxide /superoxide dismutase

24
Q

Step 2 to eliminate free radicals

A

Catalase/peroxidase–neutralizes.

25
Q

Ions

A

iron, zinc, and copper-enzyme inorganic cofactors to function as a holoenzyme

26
Q

needed for organic macromolecules

A

Carbon

27
Q

nucleic acids-DNA ladder part

A

Nitrogen

28
Q

nucleic acid backbone-phospholipids

A

phosphorus

29
Q

aerobic respiration

A

Oxygen

30
Q

5 prime to 3 prime

A

leading strand

31
Q

fragmented strand

A

lagging strand /Okazaki fragment

32
Q

where DNA unwinding and DNA synthesis happens

A

Replicating Fork

33
Q

chemical mutation-looks like normal bases but pairs incorrectly -induced not natural point mutations

A

Base Analog

34
Q

induces thymine dimers creates covalent bonds between adjacent T’s -distorts backbone-improper replication-frameshift mutation

A

UV Light -non-ionizing radiation

35
Q

slips in-between adjoining nucleotides makes a bulge in the backbone

A

Intercalating Discs

36
Q

ionizing radiation -energize electrons in atoms some e-s escape and strike other atoms ions react with DNA point mutations

A

X-rays and Gamma rays

Microbial Genetics deck 1 (5 decks)

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