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GCSE Geography > Mexico City Case Study > Flashcards

Mexico City Case Study Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the original name of Mexico City?

A

Tenochtitlan

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2
Q

In what year was Tenochtitlan founded?

A

1325

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3
Q

What geographical feature aided the defense and access of Tenochtitlan?

A

Causeways

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4
Q

What resources did Lake Texcoco provide to the Aztecs?

A

Drinking water, fish, resources for a maize and bean diet

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5
Q

What is the geographical location of Mexico City?

A

Central Plateau

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6
Q

What is Mexico City’s significance in transportation?

A

Central hub for railways and roads linking North and South America

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7
Q

What cultural blend is Mexico City known for?

A

Indigenous and Spanish traditions

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8
Q

What is the largest metropolitan area in the Western Hemisphere?

A

Mexico City

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9
Q

What was Mexico City’s GDP in 2011?

A

$411 billion

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10
Q

What type of inequality exists in Mexico City?

A

Income, housing, employment, and services

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11
Q

What structure does Mexico City follow?

A

Latin American city model

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12
Q

What does the Central Business District (CBD) of Mexico City house?

A

Banks, insurance, government offices, private company headquarters

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13
Q

What characterizes the Inner City of Mexico City?

A

Middle-class zones of aging apartment blocks and high-quality modern apartments

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14
Q

What are the areas beyond the Inner City known for?

A

Industrial areas, gated luxury communities, older tenements, squatter settlements

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15
Q

What is the Urban-Rural Fringe of Mexico City known for?

A

Slums and shanty towns known as ‘periférico’

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16
Q

What does the Land Use Model in Mexico City include?

A

Market area, spine with elite housing and shopping centers, disamenity zones, peripheral zones of squatter settlements

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17
Q

What drives rural-to-urban migration in Mexico City?

A

Better job opportunities, housing, education, and healthcare

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18
Q

What is a significant cause of national migration to Mexico City?

A

Poor regions with low literacy, inadequate housing, and lack of clean water

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19
Q

What attracts international migrants to Mexico City?

A

Job opportunities, cultural life, and the dominating service sector

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20
Q

What is the impact of migration on housing in Mexico City?

A

High-pressure on housing leads to the expansion of shanty settlements

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21
Q

What contributes to increasing inequality in Mexico City?

A

Informal economy, competition for limited jobs, and lower wages

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22
Q

What is the consequence of uneven distribution of services in Mexico City?

A

Drastic differences in diet, health, and living standards

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23
Q

What issues do poor migrants face regarding housing?

A

Live in slums lacking toilets, running water, and stable roofs

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24
Q

What percentage of homes in wealthy areas have access to piped water?

A

98%

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25
Q

What is the infant mortality rate like in poorer areas of Mexico City?

A

Higher due to limited access to essential services

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26
Q

What contributes to air pollution in Mexico City?

A

Industrial operations emitting greenhouse gases

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27
Q

What is the purpose of the Metrobus system in Mexico City?

A

Reduce air pollution and transport costs

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28
Q

What is Plan Verde?

A

A 15-year plan to develop alternative energy programs and reduce air pollution

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29
Q

What initiative encourages recycling in Mexico City?

A

Farmer’s markets where families can exchange recyclable waste for green vouchers

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30
Q

What was the approximate population of Mexico City in the 1950s?

A

Approximately 2 million

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31
Q

What was the population of Mexico City by 2010?

A

Approximately 19 million

32
Q

What was the annual growth rate of Mexico City during the 1950s?

A

5.5 percent

33
Q

What was the annual growth rate of Mexico City by the year 2000?

A

0.8 percent

34
Q

What is the most populated metropolitan area in the Western Hemisphere?

A

Greater Mexico City

35
Q

What factor contributed to rapid population growth in Mexico City during the 1950s?

A

Natural increase due to high birth rate and fall in death rate

36
Q

What type of migration primarily contributes to the population growth in Mexico City?

A

National migration from rural areas

37
Q

What are some reasons people migrate to Mexico City from rural areas?

A
  • Alternative jobs to farming
  • Better housing
  • Clean water
  • Improved health care
38
Q

What has the need for homes in Mexico City led to?

A

More self-built housing at the city edge and larger shanty towns

39
Q

What is the impact of migration on the use of open space in Mexico City?

A

Greater use of open space due to higher population

40
Q

What is national migration?

A

Movement of people within a country

41
Q

What is international migration?

A

Movement of people to a different country

42
Q

Explain one cause of population growth for a city in a developing or emerging country.

A

Rural-urban migration caused by lack of job opportunities and poor housing in the countryside

43
Q

What demographic trend is observed among many migrants moving to Mexico City?

A

Many migrants are young adults

44
Q

What social issue has risen due to the lack of jobs for migrants in Mexico City?

A

Increased rates of crime

45
Q

What environmental issues are exacerbated by the rise in car ownership in Mexico City?

A
  • Air pollution
  • Noise pollution
46
Q

What is a consequence of fear of crime in Mexico City?

A

Segregation of people with wealthier living in gated communities

47
Q

What challenges does Mexico City face regarding clean water supply?

A

Difficulties in supplying clean water due to rising demand

48
Q

What has increased economic investment in Mexico City led to?

A

Increased job opportunities through investment in construction of factories and offices

49
Q

What is a significant consequence of rapid urban growth in developing countries?

A

Increasing inequalities

This includes disparities between rich and poor populations.

50
Q

What are the two extremes of wealth distribution in rapidly urbanizing cities?

A

Extreme wealth and extreme poverty

This results in stark contrasts in living conditions.

51
Q

What is the minimum wage in Mexico City and how does it compare to actual wages?

A

Minimum wage should be US$4 per day, but about 1 in 3 workers are paid less

This highlights wage disparities in the city.

52
Q

How much more do the top 20 percent earn compared to the bottom 20 percent in Mexico City?

A

Top 20 percent earn as much as 13 times more than the bottom 20 percent

This illustrates extreme income inequality.

53
Q

What is the average school attendance for the poorest 10 percent in Mexico City?

A

Average only two years of school attendance

This contrasts sharply with the richest 10 percent, who average 12 years.

54
Q

What services are lacking in shanty towns compared to wealthier areas in Mexico City?

A

No running water, electricity, or food shops

Wealthier residents have access to large houses with gardens and swimming pools.

55
Q

What is one major environmental impact of rapid urbanization in Mexico City?

A

Pollution

High levels of air pollution are caused by the large number of cars.

56
Q

What health issues arise due to waste management problems in Mexico City?

A

Spread of diseases like cholera and typhoid

This occurs from sewage leaking into the water supply.

57
Q

What is a housing issue faced by migrants in Mexico City?

A

Housing shortages

Many migrants live on garbage dumps or in squatter settlements.

58
Q

What are squatter settlements?

A

Illegally built homes made out of waste materials

These settlements often lack basic services.

59
Q

What is the issue of under-employment in rapidly urbanizing areas?

A

People work seven days a week doing more than one type of job

This reflects economic instability and lack of opportunities.

60
Q

What is a significant waste management challenge in Mexico City?

A

Struggles to dispose of 13,000 tonnes of rubbish generated daily

Waste is often dumped on the streets.

61
Q

True or False: Mexico City has low levels of air pollution due to its mountainous surroundings.

A

False

The mountains trap pollutants, increasing air pollution.

62
Q

What are top-down projects?

A

Large-scale projects usually funded and managed by city governments.

63
Q

What are bottom-up projects?

A

Small-scale projects often funded by NGOs or community organisations.

64
Q

What is Cultiva Ciudad?

A

A project working with local schools to educate children about managing a garden.

65
Q

What initiative has been taken by residents regarding rooftop gardens?

A

Residents are growing healthy foods on rooftop gardens.

66
Q

What community effort is taking place on the outskirts of Mexico City?

A

Locals are raising money to help build schools and health centres.

67
Q

What is the Metrobus system?

A

A sustainable transport scheme introduced by Mexico City’s government in 2005.

68
Q

How much CO2 emissions is the Metrobus estimated to reduce annually?

A

35,000 tonnes.

69
Q

How many people does the Metrobus transport daily?

A

Approximately 250,000 people.

70
Q

By how much has the Metrobus reduced average journey times?

A

By 30 minutes, from 1.5 hours to 1 hour.

71
Q

Who is Tatiana Bilbao?

A

An architect who designed affordable housing to help solve housing problems in Mexico City.

72
Q

What is the cost of the homes designed by Tatiana Bilbao?

A

US$8,000.

73
Q

What materials are used in the affordable homes designed by Tatiana Bilbao?

A

Wooden pallets that can be added or removed as required.

74
Q

How much solid waste does Mexico City produce daily?

A

An estimated 13,000 tonnes.

75
Q

What system was introduced by the government in 2011 to combat waste issues?

A

A trading system called trash for food.

76
Q

What is the purpose of the ‘barter market’ established in Mexico City?

A

Residents exchange waste for vouchers to be traded for food.

77
Q

True or False: The barter market encourages residents to recycle waste.

A

True.

GCSE Geography (18 decks)

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