methods of conserving biodiversity: legislation

Question 1

What are the different ways of legislation and protocols

Answer 1

1) legal protection
2) trade controls
3) organisations which aim to achieve sustainable exploitation

Question 2

List some example of legal protection of habitats and species

Answer 2

1) The wildlife and country side act
2) sites of special scientific interest
3) National Nature reserve
4) Marine protected areas
5) Ramsar sites

Question 3

what does the wildlife country side act do

Answer 3

• designated protected areas
• protection of wild birds and nests
• protection of mammal species ie otters
• uprooting of wild plants illegal

Question 4

how can legal designation of protected areas protect habitats as species

Answer 4

• restricts activates within the area
• restricts activities outside the area
• access restrictions
• international cooperation

this protects habitats and species

Question 5

How can trade controls be used to conserve biodiversity and provide an example

Answer 5

• some species are caught of killed in one country but sold in another- prevents the movement of species, if this cant occur, there is no point in killing them if they cant be sold
• CITES- Appendix I and Appendix II

Question 6

what is CITES (convention on international trade in endangered species )

Answer 6

the main international agreement that regulates the international trade in wildlife- selected species are split into either Appendix 1 or Appendix II

Question 7

what is the difference between Appendix I and Appendix II in CITES

Answer 7

I- includes species that are threatened with extinction so all international trade is banned except the movement for conservation breeding programs

II- includes species that may be threatened with extinction if not carefully controlled- trade is permitted from countries where species is relatively well protected therefore limiting exploitation

Question 8

Provide some example of organisations which aim to achieve sustainable exploitation

Answer 8

1) international whaling commission
2) Common fisheries policy
3) international tropical timber organisation

Question 9

what is the IWC and their aims

Answer 9

• aim to regulate and manage whaling in a sustainable way by:
  total protection of certain areas
  designation of sanctuaires
  setting limits on numbers and size of whales taken
  protection of suckling mothers and calves

Question 10

when can whaling take place according to the IWC

Answer 10

1) Aboriginal subsistence= cultural groups that have traditionally hunted whales for food
2) special permit whaling/ scientific whaling= the killing of whales for scientific research
3) commercial whaling=

Question 11

what is the CFP

Answer 11

a series of regulations that control fishing thing territorial waters of Europeian Union

• catch quotas
• size limits
• net mesh size
• limits on fishing efforts

Question 12

what is the ITTO and their aims

Answer 12

• aims to encourage sustainable management of tropical forests