Methods

Question 1

lexical decision task

Answer 1

procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiment; involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or non-words

Question 2

priming

Answer 2

introduction of one stimulus influences how people respond to subsequent stimulus; works by activating an association or representation in memory just before another stimulus or task is introduced

Question 3

phonological priming

Answer 3

form priming; two phonologically overlapping words are presented and word presented first (prime) influences accuracy speed of responses to second word (target)

Question 4

semantic priming

Answer 4

response to target is faster when preceded by a semantically related prime compared to unrelated prime; may occur because prime partially activated related words or concept

Question 5

repetition priming

Answer 5

refers to improvements in behavioral response when stimuli are repeatedly presented

Question 6

masked prime

Answer 6

je hoort geen kut van prime

Question 7

cross modal priming

Answer 7

prime item is usually a word embedded in a spoken sentence or text used to prime a target item presented in written form

Question 8

rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)

Answer 8

readers see sequences of words in the center of a computer screen presented at a fixed fast rate; experimenter has reader carry out additional task

Question 9

gating

Answer 9

presenting increasingly long fragments of speech and measuring when listeners can interpret speech appropriately

Question 10

shadowing

Answer 10

subjects repeat speech at a delay to the onset of hearing the phrase; how long does the brain take to process and produce speech

Question 11

EEG

Answer 11

electroencephalogram; detects electrical activity in brain using electrodes

Question 12

ERP

Answer 12

event-related potential; measured brain response that is the direct result of specific sensory, cognitive or motor event

Question 13

fMRI

Answer 13

functional magnetic resonance imaging; measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow

Question 14

BOLD

Answer 14

blood oxygen level dependent;

Question 15

MEG

Answer 15

magnetoencephalography; functional neuroimaging technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using very sensitive magnetometers

Question 16

intra-cranial electrophysiology

Answer 16

EEG on the brain; when already having open skull operation

Question 17

visual world paradigm

Answer 17

experimental paradigm wherein participants hear utterances while looking at a visual display of target word along with competitors and distractors on the visual display

Question 18

stroop task

Answer 18

ink color and color word

Question 19

lateralized readiness potential

Answer 19

LRP is event-related brain potential that is thought to reflect the preparation of motor activity on a certain side of the body; recorded using EEG

Question 20

boundary technique (in eye tracking)

Answer 20

when subject’s eyes cross invisible boundary before a critical word in the sentence, it changes from the preview to target

Question 21

moving window (in eye tracking)

Answer 21

method used by Rayner (1986) where window to what people can see changes (xxx)

Question 22

self-paced reading

Answer 22

people read sentence one word at a time in their own pace

Question 23

Head-turn Preference Procedure

Answer 23

HPP as experimental method for infants; also known as preferential listening paradigm; explore infants’ ability to discriminate pairs of linguistic or non-linguistic auditory stimuli; catches surprise is what they look at