Methods Flashcards
lexical decision task
procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiment; involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or non-words
priming
introduction of one stimulus influences how people respond to subsequent stimulus; works by activating an association or representation in memory just before another stimulus or task is introduced
phonological priming
form priming; two phonologically overlapping words are presented and word presented first (prime) influences accuracy speed of responses to second word (target)
semantic priming
response to target is faster when preceded by a semantically related prime compared to unrelated prime; may occur because prime partially activated related words or concept
repetition priming
refers to improvements in behavioral response when stimuli are repeatedly presented
masked prime
je hoort geen kut van prime
cross modal priming
prime item is usually a word embedded in a spoken sentence or text used to prime a target item presented in written form
rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)
readers see sequences of words in the center of a computer screen presented at a fixed fast rate; experimenter has reader carry out additional task
gating
presenting increasingly long fragments of speech and measuring when listeners can interpret speech appropriately
shadowing
subjects repeat speech at a delay to the onset of hearing the phrase; how long does the brain take to process and produce speech
EEG
electroencephalogram; detects electrical activity in brain using electrodes
ERP
event-related potential; measured brain response that is the direct result of specific sensory, cognitive or motor event
fMRI
functional magnetic resonance imaging; measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow
BOLD
blood oxygen level dependent;
MEG
magnetoencephalography; functional neuroimaging technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using very sensitive magnetometers
intra-cranial electrophysiology
EEG on the brain; when already having open skull operation
visual world paradigm
experimental paradigm wherein participants hear utterances while looking at a visual display of target word along with competitors and distractors on the visual display
stroop task
ink color and color word
lateralized readiness potential
LRP is event-related brain potential that is thought to reflect the preparation of motor activity on a certain side of the body; recorded using EEG
boundary technique (in eye tracking)
when subject’s eyes cross invisible boundary before a critical word in the sentence, it changes from the preview to target
moving window (in eye tracking)
method used by Rayner (1986) where window to what people can see changes (xxx)
self-paced reading
people read sentence one word at a time in their own pace
Head-turn Preference Procedure
HPP as experimental method for infants; also known as preferential listening paradigm; explore infants’ ability to discriminate pairs of linguistic or non-linguistic auditory stimuli; catches surprise is what they look at
