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Research > Methodology > Flashcards

Methodology Flashcards

1
Q

We use this on how we are going to collect data from respondents

A

Research Design and data collection

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2
Q

The entire group that you want to draw a conclusion about

It may be defined in terms of geographical location, age, income, etc.

A

Population

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3
Q

Specific group of individuals that you will collect data from

A

Sampling

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4
Q

List of indiviuals that the sample will be drawn from

A

Sampling frame

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5
Q

Should include the entire target population

A

Sampling Frame

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6
Q

Number of individuals in your sample, depends on the size of the population and how precisely you want the results to represent the population as a whole

A

Sample Size

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7
Q

The larger it is, the more accurately and confident you can make inferences about the whole population

A

Sample size

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8
Q

Every member has an equal chance if being selected

Kinds of probability sampling

A

Simple random sampling

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9
Q

Should include whole population.

Kinds of probability sampling

A

Simple random sampling

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10
Q

The population is randomly selected at regular
intervals, with all members having the chance
to be chosen, but not all will be selected to
participate.

Kinds of probability sampling

A

Systematic sampling

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11
Q

Involves division of a population to a smaller
group

Kinds of probability sampling

A

Stratified Sampling

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12
Q

Divides the population into subgroups with
similar characteristics to the whole sample,
and selecting entire subgroups randomly
instead of sampling individuals from each
subgroup.

Kinds of probability sampling

A

Cluster Sampling

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13
Q

Includes the individuals who happen to be
most accessible to the researcher

Kinds of non-probability sampling

A

Convenience Sampling

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14
Q

Relies on ease of access, with participants
volunteering themselves through public online
surveys instead of being chosen and contacted
by the researcher.

Kinds of non-probability sampling

A

Voluntary Response Sampling

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15
Q

Researchers use judgement to select the most
useful sample for their research purposes,
aiming to gain detailed knowledge about a
specific phenomenon rather than making
statistical inferences.

Kinds of non-probability sampling

A

Purposive Sampling

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16
Q

Utilize a hard-to-access population to recruit
participants through other individuals,
requiring only one agreed-upon participant to
introduce the study to others.

Kinds of non-probability sampling

A

Snowball sampling

17
Q
  • Survey
  • interviews (structured, semi structured,
    unstructured) archival data
  • focused group discussion
  • Questionnaire
  • Content analysis
  • Observation (covert, overt)
  • Participation
A

Instruments

18
Q
  • Voice recorder
  • Video recorder
  • Google forms
  • Email addresses
  • Pens, paper, highlighter, printer
  • Letters of intent
  • Letters to conduct survey and interviews
A

Tools

19
Q

A list of questions was distributed via mail,
online, or in person, and respondents were
asked to fill them out themselves.

A

Questionnaire

20
Q

Mail, online, and in-person.

A

Questionnaire

21
Q

The researcher uses phone or in-person
interviews to gather responses, determining
the method based on the sample size, location,
and research focus.

A

Interview

22
Q

Beneficial for smaller sample sizes, allowing
for in-depth information gathering, personal
contact with respondents, clarifying questions,
and seeking follow-up information.

A

Interview

23
Q
  • Telephone Interview
  • Face-to-Face Interview
  • Visit / Lunch / Dinner Interview
  • Panel Interview
  • Group Interview
  • Sequential Interview
A

Types of Interview

24
Q

Involves asking questions to gather
information about conditions, events,
opinions, people, and organizations from a
large group of people to infer conclusions
about the selected population.

A

Survey

25
Q

you need to decide which
questions you will ask and how you will ask them.

A

Survey

26
Q

you need to decide which
questions you will ask and how you will ask them.

Survey

A

➔ Type of questions
➔ Content of the questions
➔ Phrasing of the questions
➔ Ordering and layout of the survey

27
Q

Ideal for quantitative research, providing
numerical data for statistical analysis.

Questions

A

Closed-ended questions

28
Q

Ideal for quantitative research, providing
numerical data for statistical analysis.

Questions

A

Open-ended questions

29
Q

To ensure survey validity and reliability, focus
on narrowly focused, relevant questions, and
avoid non-relevant ones.

A

The content of the survey questions

30
Q

Construct closed-ended questions with
exhaustive options and add “other” fields for
non-exhaustive options.

A

The content of the survey questions

31
Q

The survey questions should be clear, precise,
and neutrally phrased.

A

Phrasing the survey questions

32
Q

Considering the target population’s knowledge
level and avoiding vague or ambiguous
language.

A

Phrasing the survey questions

33
Q

The survey should be arranged logically,
starting with easy, non-sensitive, closed-ended
questions.

A

Ordering the survey questions

34
Q

If multiple topics are covered, group related
questions together, divide into sections, and
place questions directly next to each other.

A

Ordering the survey questions

35
Q

The methodology section should generally be
written in

Principles in Methodology Writing

A

the past tense

36
Q

Discuss the ___ you used in conducting
your research.

Principles in Methodology Writing

A

Methods

37
Q

why should you Explain what you did and how you did it?

Principles in Methodology Writing

A

to
allow readers to evaluate the reliability and
validity of the research.

38
Q

example, did you aim to systematically describe the characteristics of something, to explore an under-researched topic, or to establish a cause-and-effect relationship? And
what type of data did you need to achieve this aim?

A

Explain your methodological approach

39
Q

To ensure reproducibility, provide detailed
descriptions of your study’s methods,
including operationalization, measurement,
sampling, inclusion/exclusion criteria, tools,
procedures, and materials used for data
collection.

A

Describe your methods of data collection

Research (8 decks)

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